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Events
379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to Augustus, and gives him power over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
639 – Clovis II, king of Neustria and Burgundy, is crowned.
649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender after a forty-day siege led by Tang dynasty general Ashina She'er, establishing Tang control over the northern Tarim Basin in Xinjiang.
1419 – Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England, completing his reconquest of Normandy.
1511 – Mirandola surrenders to the French.
1520 – Sten Sture the Younger, the Regent of Sweden, is mortally wounded at the Battle of Bogesund.
1607 – San Agustin Church in Manila is officially completed; it is the oldest church still standing in the Philippines.
1661 – Thomas Venner is hanged, drawn and quartered in London.
1764 – John Wilkes is expelled from the British House of Commons for seditious libel.
1788 – The second group of ships of the First Fleet arrive at Botany Bay.
1795 – The Batavian Republic is proclaimed in the Netherlands, bringing to an end the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.
1806 – The United Kingdom occupies the Cape of Good Hope.
1810: The temperature in Portsmouth, New Hampshire drops from 54°F to -12°F in one day, causing many deaths from freezing.
1812 – Peninsular War: After a ten-day siege, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, orders British soldiers of the Light and third divisions to storm Ciudad Rodrigo.
1817 – An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, crosses the Andes from Argentina to liberate Chile and then Peru.
1829 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust: The First Part of the Tragedy receives its premiere performance.
1839 – The British East India Company captures Aden.
1853 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il trovatore receives its premiere performance in Rome.
1861 – American Civil War: Georgia joins South Carolina, Florida, Mississippi, and Alabama in seceding from the United States.
1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Mill Springs: The Confederacy suffers its first significant defeat in the conflict.
1871 – Franco-Prussian War: In the Siege of Paris, Prussia wins the Battle of St. Quentin. Meanwhile, the French attempt to break the siege in the Battle of Buzenval will end unsuccessfully the following day.
1883 – The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires, built by Thomas Edison, begins service at Roselle, New Jersey.
1893 – Henrik Ibsen's play The Master Builder receives its premiere performance in Berlin.
1899 – Anglo-Egyptian Sudan is formed.
1915 – Georges Claude patents the neon discharge tube for use in advertising.
1915 – World War I: German zeppelins bomb the towns of Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn in the United Kingdom killing at least 20 people, in the first major aerial bombardment of a civilian target.
1917 – : Seventy-three are killed and 400 injured in an explosion in a munitions plant in London.
1920 – The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
1935 – Coopers Inc. sells the world's first briefs.
1937 – Howard Hughes sets a new air record by flying from Los Angeles to New York City in seven hours, 28 minutes, 25 seconds.
1938: General Motors begins the mass production of diesel engines.
1941 – World War II: The Greek Triton (Y-5) sinks the Italian submarine Neghelli in Otranto.
1942 – World War II: Japanese forces invade Burma.
1945 – World War II: Soviet forces liberate the Łódź Ghetto. Of more than 200,000 inhabitants in 1940, less than 900 had survived the Nazi occupation.
1946 – General Douglas MacArthur establishes the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo to try Japanese war criminals.
1949 – Cuba recognizes Israel.
1953 – Almost 72% of all television sets in the United States are tuned into I Love Lucy to watch Lucy give birth.
1955 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower delivered the first televised press conference.
1960 – Japan and the United States sign the US–Japan Mutual Security Treaty.
1969 – Student Jan Palach dies after setting himself on fire three days earlier in Prague's Wenceslas Square to protest about the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union in 1968. His funeral turns into another major protest.
1974 – China gain control over all the Paracel Islands after a military engagement between the naval forces of the People's Republic of China and Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam).
1975 – An earthquake strikes Himachal Pradesh, India.
1977 – President Gerald Ford pardons Iva Toguri D'Aquino (a.k.a. "Tokyo Rose").
1977 – Snow falls in Miami. This is the only time in the history of the city that snow has fallen. It also fell in The Bahamas.
1978 – The last Volkswagen Beetle made in Germany leaves VW's plant in Emden. Beetle production in Latin America continues until 2003.
1981 – Iran hostage crisis: United States and Iranian officials sign an agreement to release 52 American hostages after 14 months of captivity.
1983 – Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie is arrested in Bolivia.
1983 – The Apple Lisa, the first commercial personal computer from Apple Inc. to have a graphical user interface and a computer mouse, is announced.
1986 – The first IBM PC computer virus is released into the wild. A boot sector virus dubbed (c)Brain, it was created by the Farooq Alvi Brothers in Lahore, Pakistan, reportedly to deter piracy of the software they had written.
1991 – Gulf War: Iraq fires a second Scud missile into Israel, causing 15 injuries.
1993 – Czech Republic and Slovakia join the United Nations.
1995 – After being struck by lightning the crew of Bristow Flight 56C are forced to ditch. All 18 aboard are later rescued.
1996 – The barge North Cape oil spill occurs as an engine fire forces the tugboat Scandia ashore on Moonstone Beach in South Kingstown, Rhode Island.
1997 – Yasser Arafat returns to Hebron after more than 30 years and joins celebrations over the handover of the last Israeli-controlled West Bank city.
1999 – British Aerospace agrees to acquire the defence subsidiary of the General Electric Company plc, forming BAE Systems in November 1999.
2006 – The New Horizons probe is launched by NASA on the first mission to Pluto.
2007 – Turkish Journalist Hrant Dink is assassinated in front of his newspaper's office by 17-year-old Turkish ultra-nationalist Ogün Samast.
2012 – The Hong Kong-based file-sharing website Megaupload is shut down by the FBI.
2014 – A bomb attack on an army convoy in the city of Bannu kills at least 26 soldiers and injures 38 others.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Wolstan, Bishop of Worcester, Confessor. Double.
Commemeration of SS. Maris, Audifax, Abuchum, and Martha, Martyrs.
Contemporary Western
Henry of Uppsala
Marius, Martha, Audifax, and Abachum
Mark of Ephesus
Pontianus of Spoleto
Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester
Marius, Martha, Audifax, and Abachum
Mark of Ephesus
Pontianus of Spoleto
Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Saint Theodotus, Bishop of Cyrene (c. 307-323)
Venerable Macarius the Great of Egypt (390)
Venerable Macarius of Alexandria (c. 394)
Venerable Macarius, Bishop of Ierissos, on the Chalkidiki peninsula (c. 395-408)
Venerable Anthony the Stylite of Martqopi, founder of monasticism in Georgia (6th c.)
Martyr Anthony Rawah the Qoraisite (797)
Saint Arsenius of Kerkyra, Archbishop of Corfu (953)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Virgin-martyr Messalina, in Foligno, Italy (251)
Martyrs Maris, Martha, Abachum and Audifax, in Rome (270)
Martyrs Paul, Gerontius, Januarius, Saturninus, Saccesius, Julius, Catius,
Pius and Germanus, in Numidia in North Africa
Saint Firminus, third Bishop of Gévaudan (Gabales) in France
Saint Bassian of Lodi, Bishop of Lodi in Lombardy (413)
Saint Contestus (Contentius), Bishop of Bayeux in France from 480 on (510)
Saint Laumer (Lomer, Laudomarus), Abbot of Corbion Monastery (593)
Saint Branwalader (Breward) of Cornwall, Bishop in Jersey in the Channel
Islands. (6th c.)
Saint Nathalan (Nachlan, Nauchlan), Bishop of Tullicht, in Aberdeenshire,
Scotland (678)
Saint Remigius of Rouen, Bishop of Rouen in France from 755 onwards (772)
Saint Arcontius, Bishop of Viviers in France, killed by a mob for having
upheld the rights of the Church (c. 8th c.)
Saint Catellus (Castellus), Bishop of Castellamare to the south of Naples
in Italy (9th c.)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
at Koutsovendis, Cyprus
Venerable Macarius the Faster, of the Kiev Caves (12th c.)
Venerable Meletius the Gallesiote, Confessor of Mount Galesion
(north of Ephesus), monk (1283)
Venerable Macarius, Deacon of the Kiev Caves, Wonderworker (13th-14th c.)
Blessed Theodore of Novgorod, Fool-for-Christ (1392)
Saint Mark Evgenikos of Ephesus, Archbishop of Ephesus, who resisted
the Roman Catholic heresies (1444)
Saint Macarius the Roman of Novgorod, Abbot (1550)
New Martyrs and Confessors
New Hieromartyr Nicholas Vostorgov, Priest (1930)
Martyr Theodore Gusev (1940)
Other commemorations
Commemoration of the miracle wrought by St. Basil the Great at Nicaea,
when by his prayer he opened the gates of the Universal (Catholic) church
and entrusted it to the Orthodox
Translation of the relics (950) of Saint Gregory the Theologian (389)
Opening of the relics (1652) of Saint Sabbas of Storozhev in Zvenigorod (1406)
Repose of Schemanun Anatolia of Diveyevo (1949)
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