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Events
532 – Nika riots begin in Constantinople, a revolt against Byzantine Emperor Justinian I that leaves half the city burned and thousands dead. The riots were prompted by the failed execution of chariot racing supporters and only stopped after Empress Theodora refused to flee, forcing her husband to act decisively.
888 – Carolingian Emperor Charles the Fat dies just a few weeks after his deposition, after which the Empire quickly falls apart, never to be restored, splintering into five separate successor kingdoms. Odo, Count of Paris, becomes King of West Francia.
1099 Crusaders set fire to Mara, Syria
1404 The Act of Multipliers is passed by the English Parliament forbidding alchemists to use their knowledge to create precious metals (it was feared that if any alchemist should succeed it would bring ruin upon the state)
1435 – Sicut Dudum, forbidding the enslavement of the Guanche natives in Canary Islands by the Spanish, is promulgated by Pope Eugene IV.
1547 – Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey is sentenced to death.
1607 – The Bank of Genoa fails after announcement of national bankruptcy in Spain.
1610 Galileo Galilei discovers Callisto, 4th satellite of Jupiter
1435 – Sicut Dudum, forbidding the enslavement of the Guanche natives in Canary Islands by the Spanish, is promulgated by Pope Eugene IV.
1547 – Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey is sentenced to death.
1605 Controversial play "Eastward Hoe" by Ben Jonson, George Chapman, and John Marston is performed, landing two of the authors in prison.
1607 – The Bank of Genoa fails after announcement of national bankruptcy in Spain.
1610 Galileo Galilei discovers Callisto, 4th satellite of Jupiter
1621 Jan Pieterszoon Coen's fleet sets sail to Moluccas (from Jacarta)
1630 Chinese Emperor Chongzhen orders the arrest of military general Yuan Chonghuan
1630 Letters Patent issued to Plymouth Colony
1666 – French traveller Jean-Baptiste Tavernier arrived in Dhaka and met Shaista Khan.
1673 Jean Racine's play "Mithridate" premieres in Paris
1695 Jonathan Swift ordained an Anglican priest in Ireland
1666 – French traveller Jean-Baptiste Tavernier arrived in Dhaka and met Shaista Khan.
1673 Jean Racine's play "Mithridate" premieres in Paris
1695 Jonathan Swift ordained an Anglican priest in Ireland
1733 James Oglethorpe & 130 English colonists arrive at Charleston, South Carolina
1770 Pierre de Beaumarchais' "Les Deux Amis" premieres in Paris
1776 – American Revolution: British troops launched a raid on Prudence Island near Narraganset Bay, Rhode Island to capture the large quantity of sheep that roamed the Island.
1793 – Nicolas Jean Hugon de Bassville, representative of Revolutionary France, lynched by a mob in Rome
1794 Congress changes US flag to 15 stars & 15 stripes
1797 – French Revolutionary Wars: A naval battle between a French ship of the line and two British frigates off the coast of Brittany ends with the French vessel running aground, resulting in over 900 deaths.
1815 – War of 1812: British troops capture Fort Peter in St. Marys, Georgia, the only battle of the war to take place in the state.
1822 – The design of the Greek flag is adopted by the First National Assembly at Epidaurus.
1830 – The Great Fire of New Orleans begins; thought to be set by rebel slaves
1833 – President Andrew Jackson writes to Vice President Martin Van Buren expressing his opposition to South Carolina's defiance of federal authority in the Nullification Crisis.
1840 – The steamship Lexington burns and sinks four miles off the coast of Long Island with the loss of 139 lives.
1842 – Dr. William Brydon, an assistant surgeon in the British East India Company Army during the First Anglo-Afghan War, becomes famous for being the sole survivor of an army of 4,500 men and 12,000 camp followers when he reaches the safety of a garrison in Jalalabad, Afghanistan.
1847 – The Treaty of Cahuenga ends the Mexican–American War in California.
1849 Vancouver Island granted to Hudson's Bay Company
1863 Chenille yarn making machine patented by William Canter in NYC
1865 Second Battle of Fort Fisher: A force of 58 Union ships and over 8,000 troops converge on Fort Fisher, North Carolina
1869 – Colored National Labor Union, first national convention of black leaders, meets in Washington, D.C.
1873 P B S Pinchback relinquishes office of Louisiana Governor
1874 Battle between jobless and police in NYC leaves 100s injured
1874 US troops land in Honolulu to protect the king
1882 Richard Wagner completes his opera "Parsifal"
1883 Fire in Circus Ferroni in Berditschoft, Poland, kills 430
1883 Henrik Ibsen's play "En Folkefiende" (An Enemy of the People) premieres in Oslo
1888 – The National Geographic Society, one of the largest nonprofit scientific and educational organizations in the world, was founded in Washington, D.C.
1893 – The Independent Labour Party of the United Kingdom holds its first meeting, with Keir Hardie as its leader
1893 – U.S. Marines land in Honolulu, Hawaii from the USS Boston to prevent the queen from abrogating the Bayonet Constitution.
1894 Revolution in Sicily crushed by government troops
1895 – First Italo-Ethiopian War: the war's opening battle, the Battle of Coatit, occurs; it is an Italian victory.
1895 Oscar Wilde's play "An Ideal Husband" premieres at the Haymarket Theatre in London
1898 – Emile Zola publishes his open letter J'accuse exposes the Dreyfus affair, accusing the French government of framing Alfred Dreyfus for sabotage
1904 Béla Bartók's symphonic poem "Kossuth" premieres by the Budapest Philharmonic Society in Budapest
1908 – The Rhoads Opera House fire in Boyertown, Pennsylvania kills 171 people.
1910 JM Synge's "Deirdre of the Sorrows" premieres in Dublin
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| 1905: Metropolitan Opera House from whatwasthere.com |
1911 Gerhart Hauptmann's play "Die Ratten" (The Rats) premieres in Berlin
1911 Roald Amundsen anchors at Walvis Bay, southwestern Africa
1912 -40°F (-40°C), Oakland, Maryland (state record)
1913 – Delta Sigma Theta Sorority Incorporated, the world's largest Black Women's Sorority, was founded on the campus of Howard University, Washington, D.C..
1915 – An earthquake in Avezzano, Italy, kills 29,800.
1915 Winston Churchill, First Lord of the Admiralty, presents plan for assault on Dardanelles
1917 Ammunitions ship explosion at Ekonomiia port near Archangel, Russia kills many and injures hundreds
1917 Train at Ciurea station in Romania catches fire and explodes, between 800-1,000 die, making it the third worst rail accident in history
1920 NY Times editorial (falsely) reports rockets can never fly
1922 Conference of Cannes concerning German retribution payments ended
1923 Taking advantage of the chaotic condition of Germany, Hitler stages a demonstration of 5000 storm troopers and denounces the 'November crime'
1924 Nationalist Wafd-party wins Egyptian parliament elections
1927 US & Mexico battle over oil interests
1928 Swedish-American inventor E.F.W. Alexanderson, of General Electric, demonstrates the first television receiver at Proctors Theatre in Schenectady, New York
1929 Humanist Society established, Hollywood, California
1930 – The Mickey Mouse comic strip is first published.
1934 – The Candidate of Sciences degree is established in the Soviet Union.
1935 – A plebiscite in Saarland shows that 90.3% of those voting wish to join Nazi Germany.
1938 The Church of England accepts the theory of evolution
1939 – The Black Friday bush fires burn 20,000 square kilometers of land in Australia, claiming the lives of 71 people.
1942 – Henry Ford patents a plastic automobile, which is 30% lighter than a regular car.
1942 – World War II: First use of an aircraft ejection seat by a German test pilot in a Heinkel He 280 jet fighter.
1942 Allied Conference on war trials publishes St James Declaration
1942 German U-boats begin harassing shipping on US east coast
1943 Adolf Hitler declares "Total War" against the Allies
1943 British Prime Minister Winston Churchill arrives in Casablanca, French Morocco for a conference of Allied forces in World War II
1943 Soviet offensive at Don under general Golikov
1943 US infantry captures Galloping Horse Ridge, Guadalcanal
1945 Sergei Prokofiev's 5th Symphony premieres by the USSR State Symphony Orchestra conducted by Prokofiev, in the Great Hall of Moscow Conservatory
1948 1st country music TV show, "Midwestern Hayride", premieres on WLW-T in Cincinnati, Ohio
1949 "Along 5th Avenue" opens at Broadhurst Theater NYC for 180 performances
1951 German general Christian Hansen freed early from Dutch prison
1951 – First Indochina War: The Battle of Vĩnh Yên begins, which will end in a major victory for France.
1953 – An article appears in Pravda accusing some of the most prestigious and prominent doctors, mostly Jews, in the Soviet Union of taking part in a vast plot to poison members of the top Soviet political and military leadership.
1953 Marshal Josip Tito chosen president of Yugoslavia
1954 Military rule in Egypt; 318 Muslim Brotherhood members arrested
1957 Bollingen Prize for poetry awarded to Allen Tate
1958 – The Moroccan Liberation Army ambushes a Spanish patrol in the Battle of Edchera.
1958 9,000 scientists of 43 nations petition UN for nuclear test ban
1958 US newspaper "Daily Worker" ceases publication
1959 French President Charles de Gaulle grants amnesty to 130 Algerians sentenced to death
1959 King Boudouin promises Belgian Congo independence
1962 "Do Re Mi" closes at St James Theater NYC after 400 performances
1960 – The Gulag system of forced labor camps in the Soviet Union is officially abolished.
1962 Chubby Checker's song "The Twist", credited with starting the Twist dance craze, goes to #1 in the charts two years after first reaching number one spot
1963 – Coup d'état in Togo results in assassination of president Sylvanus Olympio
1964 – Anti-Muslim riots break out in Calcutta, resulting in 100 deaths.
1964 – Karol Wojtyla, the future Pope John Paul II, is appointed archbishop of Kraków, Poland.
1966 – Robert C. Weaver becomes the first African American Cabinet member when he is appointed United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development by President Lyndon B. Johnson.
1968 – Johnny Cash performs live for inmates at Folsom State Prison in Folsom, California; show is recorded for live album release.
1972 – Prime Minister Kofi Abrefa Busia and President Edward Akufo-Addo of Ghana are ousted in a bloodless military coup by Colonel Ignatius Kutu Acheampong, while the prime minister is in London
1972 Bernice Gera wins anti-discrimination case against the National Baseball Congress, initiated March 15, 1971, to be allowed to umpire
1974 – Seraphim is elected Archbishop of Athens and All Greece.
1975 Henry Kissinger hints at military action against oil countries in case of "actual strangulation of the industrialized world" in the wake of oil shock
1963 – Coup d'état in Togo results in assassination of president Sylvanus Olympio
1964 – Anti-Muslim riots break out in Calcutta, resulting in 100 deaths.
1964 – Karol Wojtyla, the future Pope John Paul II, is appointed archbishop of Kraków, Poland.
1966 – Robert C. Weaver becomes the first African American Cabinet member when he is appointed United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development by President Lyndon B. Johnson.
1966 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1967 Bloodless coup in Togo led by Lt. Col. Étienne Eyadéma and Kléber Dadjo
1967 London/Decca Records release Rolling Stones' single "Let's Spend the Night Together"
1968 "Hallelujah, Baby!" closes at Martin Beck Theater NYC after 293 performances
1968 "Illya Darling" closes at Mark Hellinger Theater NYC after 320 performances
1968 – Johnny Cash performs live for inmates at Folsom State Prison in Folsom, California; show is recorded for live album release.
1970 Colonel Odumegwu Ojukwu flees Biafra into exile, leaving his deputy Philip Effiong to surrender to the Nigerian army, unofficially ending the Nigerian Civil War
1970 Riots begin in the Ballymurphy area of Belfast
1972 Bernice Gera wins anti-discrimination case against the National Baseball Congress, initiated March 15, 1971, to be allowed to umpire
1974 – Seraphim is elected Archbishop of Athens and All Greece.
1975 Henry Kissinger hints at military action against oil countries in case of "actual strangulation of the industrialized world" in the wake of oil shock
1976 American inventor Ray Kurzweil and the National Federation of the Blind unveil the Kurzweil Reading Machine, the first omni-font optical character recognition system
1976 Sarah Caldwell is 1st woman to conduct at NYC Metropolitan Opera House as she led orchestra in a performance of "La Traviata"
1978 – United States Food and Drug Administration requires all blood donations to be labeled "paid" or "volunteer" donors.
1982 – Shortly after takeoff, Air Florida Flight 90, a Boeing 737 jet crashes into Washington, D.C.'s 14th Street Bridge and falls into the Potomac River, killing 78 including four motorists.
1983 AMA urges ban on boxing, cites Muhammad Ali's deteriorating condition
1976 Sarah Caldwell is 1st woman to conduct at NYC Metropolitan Opera House as she led orchestra in a performance of "La Traviata"
1978 – United States Food and Drug Administration requires all blood donations to be labeled "paid" or "volunteer" donors.
1978 NASA select its first American women astronauts
1979 Charlie Daniels hosts Volunteer Jam
1979 YMCA files libel suit against Village People's YMCA song
1980 Head of narcotic brigade arrested for drug smuggling in Belgium
1980 Judd Woldin's musical "King of Schnorrers", based on Israel Zangwill's novel, closes at Playhouse Theater, NYC, after 63 performances
1980 Togo's constitution becomes effective
1981 Bollingen Prize for poetry awarded to May Swenson and Howard Nemerov
1983 AMA urges ban on boxing, cites Muhammad Ali's deteriorating condition
1984 TV anchor Christine Craft wins $325,000 in her case against KMBC-TV
1985 Cerebral Palsy telethon raises $17.1 million
1985 – A passenger train plunges into a ravine in Ethiopia, killing 428 in the worst railroad disaster in Africa.
1986 ABC's TV premiere of "The Right of The People", whose writer and director is said to have been inspired by the 14 December 1980 massacre at Bob's Big Boy in Los Angeles
1986 NCCA institutes eligibility requirements based on college exams
1986 – A month-long violent struggle begins in Aden, South Yemen between supporters of Ali Nasir Muhammad and Abdul Fattah Ismail, resulting in thousands of casualties.
1987 Seven top New York City Mafia bosses sentenced to 100 years in prison each
1987 West German police arrest Mohammed Ali Hamadi, suspect in 1985 hijacking
1988 – Lee Teng-hui becomes the first native Taiwanese President of the Republic of China.
1988 Supreme Court rules (5-3) public school officials have broad powers to censor school newspapers, plays & other expressive activities
1989 Ruins of Mashkan-shapir (occupied 2050-1720 BC) found in Iraq
1989 Computers across Britain hit by "Friday the 13th"/Jerusalem virus
1989 British comedy sketch show series "A Bit of Fry and Laurie" starring Stephen Fry and Hugh Laurie debuts on BBC1
1989 Subway vigilante Bernhard Goetz begins 1-year jail sentence
1989 "Ryan's Hope" ends 13½ year run on ABC-TV
1990 – Douglas Wilder becomes the first elected African American governor as he takes office in Richmond, Virginia.
1991 – Soviet Union troops attack Lithuanian independence supporters in Vilnius, killing 14 people and wounding 1000.
1991 President Mário Soares of Portugal re-elected
1991 UN Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar meets with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein
1992 American serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer pleads guilty but insane
1993 – Space Shuttle program: Endeavour heads for space for the third time as STS-54 launches from the Kennedy Space Center.
2000 – Microsoft chairman Bill Gates steps aside as CEO of Microsoft and promotes company president Steve Ballmer to the position.
2001 – An earthquake measuring magnitude 7.6 strikes El Salvador, killing more than 840 people
2004 Harold Shipman, a British GP who is believed to have killed more than 200 of his patients in Manchester, is found hanged in his prison cell
1992 Japan apologizes for forcing Korean women into sexual slavery during World War II
1993 French, British, and US fighter jets launch bombing raids in southern Iraq
1994 Italian government of Carlo Ciampi resigns
1993 – Space Shuttle program: Endeavour heads for space for the third time as STS-54 launches from the Kennedy Space Center.
1997 Radical guerrillas hold 72 hostages and shoot at police outside the Japanese Embassy in Lima, Peru
1998 "Patti LaBelle On Broadway" opens at St James Theater NYC
2000 – Microsoft chairman Bill Gates steps aside as CEO of Microsoft and promotes company president Steve Ballmer to the position.
2001 – An earthquake measuring magnitude 7.6 strikes El Salvador, killing more than 840 people
2004 Harold Shipman, a British GP who is believed to have killed more than 200 of his patients in Manchester, is found hanged in his prison cell
2007 Two thirds of the Venus's southern hemisphere suddenly brightened as something triggered aerosols to form at a furious rate.
2009 Global shipping experiences a drop in trade, as exports from South Korea dropping an annualised 30%, with Taiwan and Japan experiencing a 42% and 27% drop respectively
2012 – The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia runs aground at Isola de Giglio, Italy. There are 32 confirmed deaths among the 4,232 passengers and crew.
2014 14 people are killed and 7 are injured after an explosion in an illegal gambling hall in Kaili City, China
2012 – The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia runs aground at Isola de Giglio, Italy. There are 32 confirmed deaths among the 4,232 passengers and crew.
2014 14 people are killed and 7 are injured after an explosion in an illegal gambling hall in Kaili City, China
2015 TV comedy "Schitt's Creek" created by and starring Eugene Levy and Dan Levy premieres on CBC in Canada
2018 American actor Mark Wahlberg donates his $1.5M re-shoot fee for the film "All The Money In The World" to "Time's Up" movement after revelation co-star Michelle Williams was only paid $1000
2018 Early-morning ballistic missile alert sent across Hawaii in error, revoked after 38 minutes
2020 Oldest material existing on earth at 7.5 billion years old revealed by scientists studying the Murchison meteorite that fell to earth in Australia in 1960s
2020 Queen Elizabeth II issues a statement saying she reluctantly supports Prince Harry and Meghan Markle's wish to live a more independent life
2021 Deadliest air raid by Israel on Syria since 2018, when 10 soldiers and 47 allied fighters killed in attacks on military positions
2021 Irish PM Minister Micheál Martin issues apology for treatment of unmarried mothers and babies in church-run institutions 1920-1990s after report 9,000 children had died
2021 President Donald Trump is impeached by the US House of Representatives voting 232-197, for “incitement of insurrection”, first time in history a US President is impeached twice
2021 World's oldest known cave painting of an animal - a pig, 45,000 years old, discovered in Leang Tedongnge cave, island of Sulawesi, Indonesia
2022 Australian equals hottest temperature on record of 50.7C (123.26F) in Onslow, Western Australia
2022 Britain's Prince Andrew stripped of his military titles and royal patronages by Buckingham Palace, amid continuing sexual assault allegations
2022 California Governor Gavin Newsom blocks Robert F. Kennedy's assassin Sirhan Sirhan's release on parole after 53 years in jail
2022 Landmark conviction of former Syrian intelligence officer Anwar Raslan for state-sponsored crimes against humanity in Koblenz, Germany
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Octave of the Epiphany. Double.
Contemporary Western
Blessed Veronica of Milan
Elian
Hilary of Poitiers
Mungo
St. Knut's Day (Sweden and Finland)
Elian
Hilary of Poitiers
Mungo
St. Knut's Day (Sweden and Finland)
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Feasts
(Serbian Calendar: Apodosis of the Theophany)
Saints
Martyr Peter of Anium at Hieropolis (Peter Apselamus at Eleutheropolis) (c. 309)
Martyrs Hermylus the Deacon and Stratonicus, at Belgrade (315)
Martyr Athanasius
Martyrs Pachomius and Papyrinus, by drowning
Saint Jacob of Nisibis, Bishop of Nisibis, the "Moses of Mesopotamia" (c. 350)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Saint Potitus, a boy venerated as a martyr near Naples in Italy (c. 138 - 161)
Saint Andrew of Trier, twelfth Bishop of Trier in Germany,
sometimes listed as a martyr (235)
Forty soldier-martyrs of Rome, who suffered on the Via Lavicana, under Gallienus (262)
Saint Agricius of Trier (Agrecius, Agritius), Bishop of Trier in Germany,
took part in the Council of Arles in 314 (c. 333)
Saint Hilary of Poitiers (Hilary of Pictavium), Bishop of Poitiers (368)
Saint Viventius, an eastern priest who travelled to the West and attached himself
to St Hilary of Poitiers, ending his life as a hermit (c. 400)
Saint Erbin of Dumnonia (Ervan, Erbyn, Erme), King of Dumnonia (now Cornwall
and Devon) and saint of Wales (c. 480)
Saint Remigius of Rheims, Apostle to the Franks (437–533), and Bishop of Rheims
from 459 (533)
Saint Elian (Eilan, Allan), Missionary to Cornwall, England (6th century)
Saint Kentigern (Kentigern Mungo, Kentigern of Glasgow), Apostle of the Brythonic
Kingdom of Strathclyde and patron saint and founder of the city of Glasgow (614)
Saint Enogatus, fifth successor of St Malo as Bishop of Aleth in Brittany (631)
Saints Gumesindus and Servusdei, two martyrs, one a parish-priest, the other a monk,
in Cordoba in Spain under Abderrahman II (852)
Saint Berno of Cluny, first Abbot of Cluny and initiator of the Cluniac reforms
which spread across Europe (927)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Venerable Maximus Kavsokalyvites of Mt. Athos (1354)
St. Irenarchus the Recluse, of Rostov (1616)
Venerable Eleazar of Anzersk Island at Solovki (1656)
Other commemorations
Martyr Peter of Anium at Hieropolis (Peter Apselamus at Eleutheropolis) (c. 309)
Martyrs Hermylus the Deacon and Stratonicus, at Belgrade (315)
Martyr Athanasius
Martyrs Pachomius and Papyrinus, by drowning
Saint Jacob of Nisibis, Bishop of Nisibis, the "Moses of Mesopotamia" (c. 350)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Saint Potitus, a boy venerated as a martyr near Naples in Italy (c. 138 - 161)
Saint Andrew of Trier, twelfth Bishop of Trier in Germany,
sometimes listed as a martyr (235)
Forty soldier-martyrs of Rome, who suffered on the Via Lavicana, under Gallienus (262)
Saint Agricius of Trier (Agrecius, Agritius), Bishop of Trier in Germany,
took part in the Council of Arles in 314 (c. 333)
Saint Hilary of Poitiers (Hilary of Pictavium), Bishop of Poitiers (368)
Saint Viventius, an eastern priest who travelled to the West and attached himself
to St Hilary of Poitiers, ending his life as a hermit (c. 400)
Saint Erbin of Dumnonia (Ervan, Erbyn, Erme), King of Dumnonia (now Cornwall
and Devon) and saint of Wales (c. 480)
Saint Remigius of Rheims, Apostle to the Franks (437–533), and Bishop of Rheims
from 459 (533)
Saint Elian (Eilan, Allan), Missionary to Cornwall, England (6th century)
Saint Kentigern (Kentigern Mungo, Kentigern of Glasgow), Apostle of the Brythonic
Kingdom of Strathclyde and patron saint and founder of the city of Glasgow (614)
Saint Enogatus, fifth successor of St Malo as Bishop of Aleth in Brittany (631)
Saints Gumesindus and Servusdei, two martyrs, one a parish-priest, the other a monk,
in Cordoba in Spain under Abderrahman II (852)
Saint Berno of Cluny, first Abbot of Cluny and initiator of the Cluniac reforms
which spread across Europe (927)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Venerable Maximus Kavsokalyvites of Mt. Athos (1354)
St. Irenarchus the Recluse, of Rostov (1616)
Venerable Eleazar of Anzersk Island at Solovki (1656)
Other commemorations
Consecration of the Monastery of the Prophet Elias - the so-called "Monastery
of the Deep Stream" - in Triglia, Bithynia (10th century)
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