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Events
69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, but rules for only three months before committing suicide.
1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of New France (Canada) and provide for the spread of the "Holy Catholic faith".
1559 – Elizabeth I is crowned Queen of England in Westminster Abbey, London, England.
1582 – Russia cedes Livonia and Estonia to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1759 – The British Museum opens.
1777 – American Revolutionary War: New Connecticut (present day Vermont) declares its independence.
1780 – The American Continental Congress establishes the court of appeals.
1782 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the U.S. Congress to recommend establishment of a national mint and decimal coinage.
1815 – War of 1812: American frigate USS President, commanded by Commodore Stephen Decatur, is captured by a squadron of four British frigates.
1822 – Greek War of Independence: Demetrios Ypsilantis is elected president of the legislative assembly.
1844 – University of Notre Dame receives its charter from the state of Indiana.
1865 – American Civil War: Fort Fisher in North Carolina falls to the Union, thus cutting off the last major seaport of the Confederacy.
1865 – Two hundred or so people were skating on the frozen lake in Regent's Park in London when the ice cracked, plunging them into 12 feet of icy water. 40 people drowned, weighed down by their heavy winter clothing and metal skates. It remains the worst such tragedy in British history.
1870 – A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the Democratic Party with a donkey ("A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion" by Thomas Nast for Harper's Weekly).
1876 – The first newspaper in Afrikaans, Die Afrikaanse Patriot, is published in Paarl.
1889 – The Coca-Cola Company, then known as the Pemberton Medicine Company, is incorporated in Atlanta, Georgia.
1892 – James Naismith publishes the rules of basketball.
1908 – The Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority becomes the first Greek-letter organization founded and established by African American college women.
1910 – Construction ends on the Buffalo Bill Dam in Wyoming, United States, which was the highest dam in the world at the time, at 325 ft (99 m).
1919 – Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, two of the most prominent socialists in Germany, are tortured and murdered by the Freikorps at the end of the Spartacist uprising.
1919 – Great Molasses Flood: A large molasses tank in Boston, Massachusetts, bursts and a wave of molasses rushes through the streets, killing 21 people and injuring 150 others.
1933 – A twelve-year-old girl experiences the first Marian apparition of Our Lady of Banneux in Banneux, Belgium.
1936 – The first building to be completely covered in glass, built for the Owens-Illinois Glass Company, is completed in Toledo, Ohio.
1937 – Spanish Civil War: Nationalists and Republican both withdraw after suffering heavy losses, ending the Second Battle of the Corunna Road.
1943 – World War II: The Soviet counter-offensive at Voronezh begins.
1943 – The world's largest office building, The Pentagon, headquarters of the U.S. Department of War (now Defense), is dedicated in Arlington, Virginia.
1947 – The brutalized corpse of Elizabeth Short (The "Black Dahlia") is found in Los Angeles' Leimert Park.
1949 – Chinese Civil War: The Communist forces take over Tianjin from the Nationalist Government.
1951 – Ilse Koch, "The Witch of Buchenwald", wife of the commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp, is sentenced to life imprisonment by a court in West Germany.
1962 – The Derveni papyrus, Europe's oldest surviving manuscript dating to 340 BC, is found in Macedonia. It offers commentary on an ancient Greek poem.
1962 – Netherlands New Guinea Conflict: Indonesian Navy fast patrol boat RI Macan Tutul commanded by Commodore Yos Sudarso sunk in Arafura Sea by the Dutch Navy.
1966 – The First Nigerian Republic, led by Abubakar Tafawa Balewa is overthrown in a military coup d'état.
1967 – The first Super Bowl is played in Los Angeles. The Green Bay Packers defeat the Kansas City Chiefs 35–10.
1969 – The Soviet Union launches Soyuz 5.
1970 – Nigerian Civil War: After a 32-month fight for independence from Nigeria, Biafra surrenders.
1970 – Muammar Gaddafi is proclaimed premier of Libya.
1973 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, President Richard Nixon announces the suspension of offensive action in North Vietnam.
1974 – Dennis Rader a.k.a. the BTK Killer kills his first victims by binding, torturing and murdering Joseph, Joseph II, Josephine and Julie Otero in their house.
1974 – Malari incident: massive student demonstration welcomes the Japanese Prime Minister, Kakuei Tanaka, official visits to Jakarta, Indonesia.
1975 – The Alvor Agreement is signed, ending the Angolan War of Independence and giving Angola independence from Portugal.
1976 – Gerald Ford's would-be assassin, Sara Jane Moore, is sentenced to life in prison.
1981 – John Paul II receives a delegation from Solidarity (Polish trade union) at the Vatican led by Lech Walesa.
1991 – The United Nations deadline for the withdrawal of Iraqi forces from occupied Kuwait expires, preparing the way for the start of Operation Desert Storm.
1991 – Elizabeth II, in her capacity as Queen of Australia, signs letters patent allowing Australia to become the first Commonwealth realm to institute its own Victoria Cross in its honours system.
1992 – The international community recognizes the independence of Slovenia and Croatia from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
1993 – Salvatore Riina, the Mafia boss known as "The Beast", is arrested in Sicily, Italy after three decades as a fugitive.
2001 – Wikipedia, a free Wiki content encyclopedia, goes online.
2005 – ESA's SMART-1 lunar orbiter discovers elements such as calcium, aluminum, silicon, iron, and other surface elements on the Moon.
2007 – Barzan Ibrahim al-Tikriti, former Iraqi intelligence chief and half-brother of Saddam Hussein, and Awad Hamed al-Bandar, former chief judge of the Revolutionary Court, are executed by hanging in Iraq.
2009 – US Airways Flight 1549 makes an emergency landing in the Hudson River shortly after takeoff from LaGuardia Airport in New York, New York. All passengers and crew members survive.
2013 – A train carrying Egyptian Army recruits derails near Giza, Greater Cairo, killing 19 and injuring 120 others.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Paul, the first Hermit. Double.
Commemoration of St. Maurus, Abbot.
Contemporary Western
Arnold Janssen
Francis Ferdinand de Capillas (one of Martyr Saints of China)
Ita
Macarius of Egypt
Paul the Hermit
Francis Ferdinand de Capillas (one of Martyr Saints of China)
Ita
Macarius of Egypt
Paul the Hermit
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Monk-martyr Pansophius of Alexandria (c. 250)
Martyrs Elpidios, Danax, and Helen
Venerable Paul of Thebes (341)
Holy 6 Monk-Martyrs of the Desert, who reposed peacefully
Venerable Salome of Armenia, and Venerable Perozhavra of Sivnia, Georgia (c. 361)
Venerable Alexander the Ever-Vigilant, founder of the Monastery of the Unsleeping
Ones ("the Ever-Vigilant"), at Gomon, in north-eastern Bithynia (c. 426-427)
Venerable John Calabytes, the "hut-dweller" of Constantinople (c. 450)
Venerable Prochorus, Abbot in the Vranski Desert on the River Pchinja,
in Bulgaria (10th c.)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Virgin-martyr Secundina, scourged to death near Rome in the persecution
of Decius (c. 250)
Martyr Ephysius of Sardinia (303)
Saint Maximus, Bishop of Nola (c. 250)
Saints Maura and Britta, two holy virgins in France (4th c.)
Saint Eugippius, ordained priest at Rome, was biographer of St Severinus
of Noricum (535)
Saint Íte of Killeedy (Ytha, Meda), Hermitess in Ireland and foster-mother
of Saint Brendan (570)
Saint Maurus, disciple of St. Benedict of Nursia (584)
Saint Lleudadd (Laudatus), first Abbot of Bardsey Island, Wales (6th c.)
Saint Sawyl Penuchel, the father of Asaph of Wales (6th c.)
Saint Tarsicia of Rodez, an Anchoress who lived near Rodez, sister of St.
Ferréol of Uzès (600)
Saint Malard, Bishop of Chartres, present at the Council of Châlon-sur-Saône
in 650 (c. 650)
Saint Bonitus, Bishop of Clermont and Confessor, later a monk (c. 710)
Saint Emebert, an early Bishop of Cambrai (c. 710)
Saint Ceolwulf of Northumbria, King of Northumbria, encouraged monastic life (764)
Saint Blaithmaic (Blathmac), an Abbot from Ireland, went to Scotland and was
martyred by the Danes on the altar steps of the church of Iona (c. 823)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Venerable Gabriel, founder of Lesnovo Monastery, Serbia-Bulgaria (12th century)[1][20][21]
Venerable Barlaam of Keret Lake (16th century)
New Martyrs and Confessors
New Hieromartyr Benjamin, Bishop of Romanov (1930)
New Hieromartyr Michael Samsonov, Priest (1942)
Monk-martyr Pansophius of Alexandria (c. 250)
Martyrs Elpidios, Danax, and Helen
Venerable Paul of Thebes (341)
Holy 6 Monk-Martyrs of the Desert, who reposed peacefully
Venerable Salome of Armenia, and Venerable Perozhavra of Sivnia, Georgia (c. 361)
Venerable Alexander the Ever-Vigilant, founder of the Monastery of the Unsleeping
Ones ("the Ever-Vigilant"), at Gomon, in north-eastern Bithynia (c. 426-427)
Venerable John Calabytes, the "hut-dweller" of Constantinople (c. 450)
Venerable Prochorus, Abbot in the Vranski Desert on the River Pchinja,
in Bulgaria (10th c.)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Virgin-martyr Secundina, scourged to death near Rome in the persecution
of Decius (c. 250)
Martyr Ephysius of Sardinia (303)
Saint Maximus, Bishop of Nola (c. 250)
Saints Maura and Britta, two holy virgins in France (4th c.)
Saint Eugippius, ordained priest at Rome, was biographer of St Severinus
of Noricum (535)
Saint Íte of Killeedy (Ytha, Meda), Hermitess in Ireland and foster-mother
of Saint Brendan (570)
Saint Maurus, disciple of St. Benedict of Nursia (584)
Saint Lleudadd (Laudatus), first Abbot of Bardsey Island, Wales (6th c.)
Saint Sawyl Penuchel, the father of Asaph of Wales (6th c.)
Saint Tarsicia of Rodez, an Anchoress who lived near Rodez, sister of St.
Ferréol of Uzès (600)
Saint Malard, Bishop of Chartres, present at the Council of Châlon-sur-Saône
in 650 (c. 650)
Saint Bonitus, Bishop of Clermont and Confessor, later a monk (c. 710)
Saint Emebert, an early Bishop of Cambrai (c. 710)
Saint Ceolwulf of Northumbria, King of Northumbria, encouraged monastic life (764)
Saint Blaithmaic (Blathmac), an Abbot from Ireland, went to Scotland and was
martyred by the Danes on the altar steps of the church of Iona (c. 823)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Venerable Gabriel, founder of Lesnovo Monastery, Serbia-Bulgaria (12th century)[1][20][21]
Venerable Barlaam of Keret Lake (16th century)
New Martyrs and Confessors
New Hieromartyr Benjamin, Bishop of Romanov (1930)
New Hieromartyr Michael Samsonov, Priest (1942)
Malankara Orthodox
Feast of St. Mary
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