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Events
211 – Publius Septimius Geta, co-emperor of Rome, is lured to come without his bodyguards to meet his brother Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla), to discuss a possible reconciliation. When he arrives, the Praetorian Guard murders him and he dies in the arms of his mother, Julia Domna.
1154 – Henry II of England is crowned at Westminster Abbey.
1490 – Anne, Duchess of Brittany, is married to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor by proxy.
1562 – The Battle of Dreux takes place during the French Wars of Religion.
1606 – The Susan Constant, the Godspeed, and the Discovery depart England carrying settlers who found, at Jamestown, Virginia, the first of the thirteen colonies that became the United States.
1675 – The Great Swamp Fight, a pivotal battle in King Philip's War, gives the English settlers a bitterly won victory.
1732: Benjamin Franklin of Philadelphia first published Poor Richard's Almanack. The book, filled with proverbs preaching industry and prudence, was published continuously for 25 years and became one of the most popular publications in colonial America, selling an average of 10,000 copies a year.
1776 – Thomas Paine publishes one of a series of pamphlets in The Pennsylvania Journal entitled "The American Crisis".
1777 – American Revolutionary War: With the onset of the bitter winter cold, the Continental Army of about 11,000 men under General George Washington, still in the field, enters its winter camp at Valley Forge, 22 miles from British-occupied Philadelphia.
1796 – French Revolutionary Wars: Two British frigates under Commodore Horatio Nelson and two Spanish frigates under Commodore Don Jacobo Stuart engage in battle off the coast of Murcia.
1828 – Nullification Crisis: Vice President of the United States John C. Calhoun pens the South Carolina Exposition and Protest, protesting the Tariff of 1828.
1843 – “A Christmas Carol,” by Charles Dickens, is first published in England.
1870 – William Halford reaches the island of Kauai, Hawaii after 31 days at sea in a small boat to seek help for the shipwrecked USS Saginaw.
1900 – Hopetoun Blunder: The first Governor-General of Australia John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun, appoints Sir William Lyne premier of the new state of New South Wales, but he is unable to persuade other colonial politicians to join his government and is forced to resign.
1907 – Darr Mine Disaster: Two hundred thirty-nine coal miners die in a coal mine explosion in Jacobs Creek, Pennsylvania.
1912 – William Van Schaick, captain of the steamship General Slocum which caught fire and killed over one thousand people, is pardoned by U.S. President William Howard Taft after three-and-a-half-years in Sing Sing prison.
1915 – In the wake of the British defeat at the Battle of Loos in September 1915, Sir Douglas Haig replaced Sir John French as commander-in-chief of all British forces on the Western Front.
1920 – King Constantine I is restored as King of the Hellenes after the death of his son Alexander of Greece and a plebiscite.
1924 – The last Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost is sold in London, England.
1927 – Three Indian revolutionaries, Ram Prasad Bismil, Roshan Singh and Ashfaqulla Khan are executed by the British Empire.
1932 – BBC World Service begins broadcasting as the BBC Empire Service.
1941 – World War II: In a major shake-up of the military high command, Adolf Hitler assumes the position of Supreme Commander-in-chief of the German Army.
1941 – World War II: Limpet mines placed by Italian divers heavily damage the HMS Valiant and HMS Queen Elizabeth in Alexandria harbour.
1941 – The U.S. Office of Censorship is created to control info pertaining to WW II.
1946 – Start of the First Indochina War.
1956 – Irish-born physician John Bodkin Adams is arrested in connection with the suspicious deaths of more than 160 patients. Eventually he is convicted only of minor charges.
1961 – India annexes Daman and Diu, part of Portuguese India.
1964 – The South Vietnamese military junta of Nguyễn Khánh dissolve the High National Council and arrest some of the members.
1967 – Harold Holt, the Prime Minister of Australia, is officially presumed dead.
1974 – Nelson Rockefeller is sworn in as Vice President of the United States under President Gerald Ford under the provisions of the twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
1975 – John Paul Stevens is appointed a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
1981 – Sixteen lives are lost when the Penlee lifeboat goes to the aid of the stricken coaster Union Star in heavy seas.
1983 – The original FIFA World Cup trophy, the Jules Rimet Trophy, is stolen from the headquarters of the Brazilian Football Confederation in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
1984 – In the Hall of the People in Beijing, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Chinese Premier Zhao Ziyang sign the Sino-British Joint Declaration, an agreement stating that China would resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and the United Kingdom would restore Hong Kong to China with effect from July 1, 1997, in return for terms guaranteeing a 50-year extension of its capitalist system. Hong Kong--a small peninsula and group of islands jutting out from China's Kwangtung province--was leased by China to Great Britain in 1898 for 99 years.
1986 – Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev releases Andrei Sakharov and his wife, Elena Bonner, from their internal exile in Gorky, a major city on the Volga River that was then closed to foreigners. The move was hailed as evidence of Gorbachev's commitment to lessening political repression inside the Soviet Union.
1995 – The United States Government restores federal recognition to the Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi Native American tribe.
1997 – SilkAir Flight 185 crashes into the Musi River, near Palembang in Indonesia, killing 104.
1998 – After nearly 14 hours of debate, the United States House of Representatives approves two articles of impeachment against President Bill Clinton, charging him with lying under oath to a federal grand jury and obstructing justice. Clinton, the second president in American history to be impeached, vows to finish his term.
2000 – The Leninist Guerrilla Units wing of the Communist Labour Party of Turkey/Leninist attack a Nationalist Movement Party office in Istanbul, Turkey, killing one person and injuring three.
2001 – A record high barometric pressure of 1085.6 hPa (32.06 inHg) is recorded at Tosontsengel, Khövsgöl, Mongolia.
2001 – Argentine economic crisis: December riots: Riots erupt in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
2012 – Park Geun-hye is elected the first female president of South Korea.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
O Clavis David, et sceptrum domus Israel! qui aperis et nemo claudit, claudis et nemo aperit, Veni et educ vinctum de domo carceris sedentem in tenebris et umbra noctis!
O Key of David, and Sceptre of the house of Israel; That openest, and no man shutteth; and shuttest, and no man openeth: cometo bring out the prisoners from the prison, and them that sit in darkness, and in the shadow of death!
KEY of the house of David, come!
Reopen Thou our heavenly home;
Make save the way that we must go,
And close the paths that lead below.
Draw nigh, draw nigh, with us to dwell,
And save us, Lord, from sin and hell.
Traditional Western
O Clavis David
Contemporary Western
O Radix
Pope Anastasius I
Pope Urban V
Pope Anastasius I
Pope Urban V
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Lillian Trasher (Episcopal Church)
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Righteous Aglae (Aglais, Aglaida) of Rome (c. 303)
Martyrs Elias, Probus, and Ares the Egyptians, in Cilicia (308)
Martyrs Polyeuctus at Caesarea in Cappadocia, and the Deacon
Timothy at Mauretania, by fire (309)
Martyrs Eutychios and Thessaloniki, and with them 200 men and
70 women, by the sword
Martyr Tryphon, by hanging
Hieromartyr Capito (Capiton), Bishop of Cherson (4th century)
Saint Gregentios of Himyaritia (Gregentius of Himyar, Gregentios
of Taphar, Gregory of Omirits, Missionary Archbishop of
Zafar (capital of the Himyarite tribal confederacy) (552)
Saint Boniface the Merciful, Bishop of Ferentino (6th century)
Saints George the Scribe, and Sabbas, monks of Khakhuli
Monastery (11th century)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
(3rd century)
Saint Anastasius I, Pope of Rome (401)
Saint Avitus (or Adjutus), Abbot of Micy near Orleans in France,
an abbot renowned for the spirit of prophecy
Saint Manirus, one of the Apostles of the north of Scotland
Saint Gregory of Auxerre, the twelfth bishop of Auxerre in France
and Confessor (c. 540)
Saint Ribert (Ribarius), seventeenth Abbot of Saint-Oyend in France,
he is venerated in Franche-Comté (c. 790)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Saint Vladimir Veselovsky (1974)
Saint Seraphim (Romantsov), Schema-Archimandrite of Sukhumi
(Abkhazia), Elder of Glinsk Monastery (1975)
Other commemorations
Repose of Blessed Hieromonk Hermogenes, founder of Kirensk
and Albazin Monasteries in Siberia (1690)
and Albazin Monasteries in Siberia (1690)
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