220 – Cao Pi forces Emperor Xian of Han to abdicate the Han dynasty throne. The Cao Wei empire is established. The Three Kingdoms period begins.
361 – Julian the Apostate enters Constantinople as sole Emperor of the Roman Empire.
630 – Muhammad leads an army of 10,000 to conquer Mecca.
969 – Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas is assassinated by his wife Theophano and her lover, the later Emperor John I Tzimiskes.
1282 – Battle of Orewin Bridge: Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, the last native Prince of Wales, is killed at Cilmeri, near Builth Wells, in mid-Wales.
1602 – A surprise attack by forces under the command of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, and his brother-in-law, Philip III of Spain, is repelled by the citizens of Geneva. (Commemorated annually by the Fête de l'Escalade.)
1688 – Glorious Revolution: James II of England, while trying to flee to France, allegedly throws the Great Seal of the Realm into the River Thames.
1777: General George Washington began marching 12,000 soldiers of his Continental Army from Whitemarsh to Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, for the winter. As Washington's men began crossing the Schuylkill River, they were surprised by a regiment of several thousand British troops led by General Charles Cornwallis. Upon spotting General Cornwallis and the British troops, General Washington ordered his soldiers to retreat across the Schuylkill River, where they destroyed the bridge to prevent the British from pursuing them. After engaging the British for a short time from the opposite side of the river, Washington and the Continental Army retreated back to Whitemarsh, delaying their march to Valley Forge for several days.
1789 – The University of North Carolina is chartered by the North Carolina General Assembly.
1792 – French Revolution: King Louis XVI of France is put on trial for treason by the National Convention.
1815 – The U.S. Senate creates a select committee on finance and a uniform national currency, predecessor of the United States Senate Committee on Finance.
1815: President James Madison (1809-1817) presented to Congress a trade agreement with Great Britain that would regulate commerce between the two countries.
1816 – Indiana becomes the 19th U.S. state.
1862: The Union Army of the Potomac occupied Fredericksburg, Virginia, as General Ambrose Burnside continued to execute his plan to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia. However, the occupation did not happen until three weeks after Burnside's army had arrived at Falmouth, Virginia, just across the river from Fredericksburg. Due to a logistical error, pontoon bridges had not been available so the army could not cross; the delay allowed Confederate General Robert E. Lee ample time to post his Army of Northern Virginia along Marye's Heights above Fredericksburg.
1816 – Indiana becomes the 19th U.S. state.
1868 – Paraguayan War: Brazilian troops defeat Paraguayan at the Battle of Avay.
1905 – A workers' uprising occurs in Kiev, Ukraine (then part of the Russian Empire), and establishes the Shuliavka Republic.
1906 – President Theodore Roosevelt attacks abuses in the Congo.
1907 – The New Zealand Parliament Buildings are almost completely destroyed by fire.
1911 – More than two years after it was stolen from the Louvre, the Mona Lisa was recovered in Italy.
1915: With war raging in Europe, conflict also reigns in the Far East between two traditional enemies, Japan and an internally-divided China. On December 11, 1915, the first president of the new Chinese republic, Yuan Shih-kai, who had come to power in the wake of revolution in 1911 and the fall of the Manchu Dynasty in 1912, accepts the title of emperor of China.
1917 – World War I: British General Edmund Allenby enters Jerusalem on foot and declares martial law.
1920 – Irish War of Independence: In retaliation for an IRA ambush, British forces burn and loot numerous buildings in Cork city. Many civilians also reported being beaten, shot at, robbed and verbally abused by British forces.
1925 – Roman Catholic papal encyclical Quas primas introduces the Feast of Christ the King.
1927 – Guangzhou Uprising: Communist Red Guards launch an uprising in Guangzhou, China, taking over most of the city and announcing the formation of a Guangzhou Soviet.
1931 – Statute of Westminster 1931: The British Parliament establishes legislative equality between the UK and the Dominions of the Commonwealth—Australia, Canada, Newfoundland, New Zealand, South Africa, and Ireland.
 |
| 1950s - AA Founder Bill W. and Wife Lois at Stepping Stones from whatwasthere.com |
1936 – Abdication Crisis: Edward VIII's abdication as King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, and Emperor of India, becomes effective. After ruling for less than one year, Edward VIII becomes the first English monarch to voluntarily abdicate the throne.
1937 – Second Italo-Ethiopian War: Italy leaves the League of Nations.
1941 – World War II: Germany and Italy declare war on the United States, following the Americans' declaration of war on the Empire of Japan in the wake of the attack on Pearl Harbor. The United States, in turn, declares war on them.
1941 – World War II: Poland declares war on the Empire of Japan.
1946 – The United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) is established.
1948 – Arab–Israeli War: The United Nations passes General Assembly Resolution 194, creating a Conciliation Commission to mediate the conflict.
1958 – French Upper Volta and French Dahomey gain self-government from France, becoming the Republic of Upper Volta and the Republic of Dahomey (now Benin), respectively, and joining the French Community.
1960 – French forces crack down in a violent clash with protesters in French Algeria during a visit by French President Charles de Gaulle.
1961 – In Jerusalem, after 4 months in the council chamber, the court decides: Adolf Eichmann, architect of the Final Solution, is sentenced to death.
1961 – The ferry carrier, USNS Core, arrived in Saigon with the first U.S. helicopter unit. This contingent included 33 Vertol H-21C Shawnee helicopters and 400 air and ground crewmen to operate and maintain them. Their assignment was to airlift South Vietnamese Army troops into combat.
1962 – Arthur Lucas, convicted of murder, is the last person to be executed in Canada.
1964 – Che Guevara speaks at the United Nations General Assembly in New York City.
1968 – The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus, featuring the Rolling Stones, Jethro Tull, the Who, Taj Mahal, Marianne Faithfull, and the Dirty Mac with Yoko Ono, is filmed in Wembley, London.
1969: Paratroopers from the U.S. Third Brigade, 82nd Airborne Division, departed from Vietnam
1969: The secretary of the Moscow writer's union declared that nudity as displayed in the popular play "Oh! Calcutta!" was a sign of decadence in Western culture. More disturbing, he claimed, was the fact that this "bourgeois" thinking was infecting Russian youth.
1972 – Apollo 17 becomes the sixth and last Apollo mission to land on the Moon.
1978 – The Lufthansa heist is committed by a group led by Lucchese family associate Jimmy Burke. It was the largest cash robbery ever committed on American soil, at that time.
1980 – The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (Superfund) is enacted by the U.S. Congress.
1981 – El Mozote massacre: Armed forces in El Salvador kill an estimated 900 civilians in an anti-guerrilla campaign during the Salvadoran Civil War.
1990 – Demonstrations by students and workers across Albania begin, which eventually trigger the fall of communism in Albania.
1993 – Forty-eight people are killed when a block of the Highland Towers collapses near Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
1994 – First Chechen War: Russian President Boris Yeltsin orders Russian troops into Chechnya. In the largest Russian military offensive since the 1979 invasion of Afghanistan, thousands of troops and hundreds of tanks pour into the breakaway Russian republic of Chechnya. Encountering only light resistance, Russian forces had by evening pushed to the outskirts of the Chechen capital of Grozny, where several thousand Chechen volunteers vowed a bitter fight against the Russians.
1994 – A bomb explodes on Philippine Airlines Flight 434, en route from Manila, Philippines, to Tokyo, Japan, killing one. The captain is able to safely land the plane.
1997 – The Kyoto Protocol opens for signature.
1998 – Thai Airways Flight 261 crashes near Surat Thani Airport, killing 101. The pilot flying the Airbus A310-300 is thought to have suffered spatial disorientation.
2001 – The People's Republic of China joins the World Trade Organization.
2005 – The Buncefield Oil Depot catches fire in Hemel Hempstead, England, United Kingdom.
2005 – Cronulla riots: Thousands of White Australians demonstrate against ethnic violence resulting in a riot against anyone thought to be Lebanese (and many who are not) in Cronulla, New South Wales, Australia. These are followed up by retaliatory ethnic attacks on Cronulla.
2006 – The International Conference to Review the Global Vision of the Holocaust is opened in Tehran, Iran, by then-president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad; nations such as Israel and the United States express concern.
2006 – Felipe Calderón, the President of Mexico, launches a military-led offensive to put down the drug cartel violence in the state of Michoacán. This effort is often regarded as the first event in the Mexican Drug War.
2007 – Insurgency in the Maghreb: Two car bombs explode in Algiers, Algeria, one near the Supreme Constitutional Court and the other near the offices of the United Nations.
2008 – Financier Bernard Madoff is arrested at his New York City apartment and charged with securities fraud for masterminding a long-running Ponzi scheme later estimated to involve around $65 billion, making it one of the biggest investment frauds in Wall Street history.
2012 – At least 125 people are killed and up to 200 injured in bombings in the Alawite village of Aqrab, Syria.
2014 – The city of Detroit, Michigan emerges from the largest municipal bankruptcy in United States history.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Damasus, Pope of Rome, Confessor. Semi-double.
Commemoration of the Octave of the Conception.
Contemporary Western
Daniel the Stylite
Maravillas de Jesús
Pope Damasus I
Victoricus, Fuscian, and Gentian
Maravillas de Jesús
Pope Damasus I
Victoricus, Fuscian, and Gentian
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Martyrs Peter the Acsetic, and Acepsimas, in Persia
Monk-martyr Barsabas, Abbot, of Ishtar, and ten companions, in Persia (342)
Martyrs Aeithalas and Acepsius, at Arbela in Assyria (354)
Saint Daniel the Stylite, of Constantinople (490)
Martyr Mirax of Egypt (c. 640)
Saint Nikephoros Phokas, Emperor of Byzantium (969)
Saint Luke the New Stylite, of Chalcedon (979)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Martyrs Thrason, Pontian and Praetextatus, in Rome under Diocletian,
for ministering to Christian prisoners awaiting martyrdom (302)
Saint Eutychius, a martyr called San Oye either in Mérida
or else in Cádiz in Spain (4th century)
Saint Sabinus of Piacenza, Bishop of Piacenza in Italy and a close
friend of St Ambrose, renowned for miracles (420)
Saint Cían, hermit in Wales (6th century)
Saint Peris, the patron saint of Llanberis in Wales (c. 6th century)
Saint Fidweten (Fivetein, Fidivitanus), a monk and disciple
of St Convoyon in Redon in Brittany (c. 888)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Venerable Leontius, monk of Monemvasia in the Peloponnese (c. 1450)
Venerable Damaskinos
Venerable Nomon the Wonderworker, of Cyprus
Saint Kuksha (Velichko), Hiero-Schemamonk of Odessa (1964)
New Martyrs and Confessors
and with him two priests and five laymen, martyrs (1918)
New Hieromartyr Nicholas Vinogradov, Priest (1937)
New Hieromartyr John Bogoyavlensky, Priest (1941)
Other commemorations
Synaxis of the Saints of Georgia
Coptic Orthodox
No comments:
Post a Comment