498 – After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Palace, while Laurentius is elected Pope in Santa Maria Maggiore.
845 – The first King of all Brittany, Nominoe, defeats the Frankish king Charles the Bald at the Battle of Ballon near Redon.
1307 – Pope Clement V issues the papal bull Pastoralis Praeeminentiae which instructed all Christian monarchs in Europe to arrest all Templars and seize their assets.
1574 – Discovery of the Juan Fernández Islands off Chile.
1635 – Dutch colonial forces on Taiwan launch a pacification campaign against native villages, resulting in Dutch control of the middle and south of the island.
1718 – Off North Carolina's Outer Banks, British pirate Edward Teach (best known as "Blackbeard") is killed during a bloody battle with a boarding party of a British navy force sent from Virginia, led by Royal Navy Lieutenant Robert Maynard.
1783: John Hanson, the first president of the Continental Congress under the Articles of Confederation, died in his home state of Maryland. Hanson is sometimes called the first president of the United States, but this is a misnomer, since the presidency did not exist as an executive position separate from Congress until the federal Constitution created the role upon its ratification in 1789.
1812 – War of 1812: Seventeen Indiana Rangers are killed at the Battle of Wild Cat Creek.
1837 – Canadian journalist and politician William Lyon Mackenzie calls for a rebellion against the United Kingdom in his essay "To the People of Upper Canada", published in his newspaper The Constitution.
1858 – Denver, Colorado, is founded.
1864 – American Civil War: Confederate General John Bell Hood invades Tennessee in the Franklin–Nashville Campaign in a desperate but unsuccessful attempt to draw Union General William Tecumseh Sherman back out of Georgia.
1869 – In Dumbarton, Scotland, the clipper Cutty Sark is launched and is one of the last clippers ever built, and the only one still surviving today.
1908 – The Congress of Manastir establishes the Albanian alphabet.
1914: The first extended battle fought between Allied and German forces in the much-contested Ypres Salient during World War I came to an end after over one month of fighting.
1928 – The premier performance of Ravel's Boléro takes place in Paris.
1931 – Al-Mina'a SC was founded in Iraq.
1935 – The China Clipper inaugurates the first commercial transpacific air service, connecting Alameda, California with Manila.
1940 – World War II: Following the initial Italian invasion, Greek troops counterattack into Italian-occupied Albania and capture Korytsa.
1942 – World War II: Battle of Stalingrad: A Soviet counteroffensive against the German armies pays off as the Red Army traps about a quarter-million German soldiers south of Kalach, on the Don River, within Stalingrad. General Friedrich Paulus sends Adolf Hitler a telegram saying that the German 6th Army is surrounded.
1943 – World War II: Cairo Conference: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Chinese Premier Chiang Kai-shek meet in Cairo, Egypt, to discuss ways to defeat Japan.
1943 – Lebanon gains independence from France.
1950: Two Long Island Railroad (LIRR) commuter trains collided, killing 79 people. Defective equipment caused this horrific rear-end collision, the worst in the history of the LIRR.
1954 – The Humane Society of the United States is founded.
1955 – Sun Records sell Elvis Presley’s contract to RCA Records for $35,000.
1963 – President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the 35th president of the United States, is assassinated while traveling through Dallas, Texas, in an open-top convertible. Texas Governor John Connally is seriously wounded. Suspect Lee Harvey Oswald is later captured and charged with the murder of both the President and police officer J. D. Tippit. Oswald is shot dead two days later by Jack Ruby while in police custody. Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson becomes President upon Kennedy's death.
1967: General William Westmoreland, commander of U.S. Military Assistance Command Vietnam, briefed officials at the Pentagon and said that the battle around Dak To was "the beginning of a great defeat for the enemy."
1967 – UN Security Council Resolution 242 is adopted, establishing a set of the principles aimed at guiding negotiations for an Arab–Israeli peace settlement.
1968 – The Beatles release The Beatles (known popularly as The White Album).
1973 – The Italian Fascist organization Ordine Nuovo is disbanded.
1974 – The United Nations General Assembly grants the Palestine Liberation Organization observer status.
1975 – Juan Carlos is declared King of Spain following the death of Francisco Franco.
1977 – British Airways inaugurates a regular London to New York City supersonic Concorde service.
1986 – Mike Tyson defeats Trevor Berbick to become youngest Heavyweight champion in boxing history.
1987 – Two Chicago television stations are hijacked by an unknown pirate dressed as Max Headroom.
1988 – In Palmdale, California, the first prototype B-2 Spirit stealth bomber is revealed.
1989 – In West Beirut, a bomb explodes near the motorcade of Lebanese President René Moawad, killing him.
1990 – British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, the first woman prime minister in British history, withdraws from the Conservative Party leadership election, confirming the end of her premiership after 11 years in Britain's top office.
1995 – Toy Story is released as the first feature-length film created completely using computer-generated imagery.
1995 – A 7.3 MW earthquake strikes Gulf of Aqaba between the Sinai Peninsula and Saudi Arabia, the largest tectonic event in the area for many decades.
2002 – In Nigeria, more than 100 people are killed at an attack aimed at the contestants of the Miss World contest.
2003 – Baghdad DHL attempted shootdown incident: Shortly after takeoff, a DHL Express cargo plane is struck on the left wing by a surface-to-air missile and forced to land.
2004 – The Orange Revolution begins in Ukraine, resulting from the presidential elections.
2005 – Angela Merkel becomes the first female Chancellor of Germany.
2012 – Ceasefire begins between Hamas in the Gaza Strip and Israel after eight days of violence and 150 deaths.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Cecily, Virgin and Martyr. Double.
Contemporary Western
Saint Cecilia
St George's Day (Georgia) (Eastern Orthodox, a national holiday in Georgia)
Saint Herbert
St George's Day (Georgia) (Eastern Orthodox, a national holiday in Georgia)
Saint Herbert
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Afterfeast of the Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos into the Temple
Apostles of the 70 Philemon and Archippus, Martyr Apphia (wife of Philemon
and Equal to the Apostles), and St. Onesimus, disciple of Saint Paul (c. 109)
Martyr Menignus at Parium, the Tanner, by beheading (250)
Martyrs Cecilia, Valerian, Tiburtius, and Maximus at Rome (288)
Martyrs Stephen, Mark, and Mark at Antioch in Pisidia, by beheading (290)
Martyr Procopius the Reader at Caesarea in Palestine, by the sword (303)
Martyr Agapion of Greece (Agapionos the Roman) (304)
Martyr Agapios of Cappadocia, by the sword
Martyr Thaddeus
Martyrs Christopher and Euphemia, by the sword
Martyrs Thalalaeus and Anthimus, by the sword
Hieromartyr Sisinius, by the sword
Venerable Agabbas (Abbas) of Syria (5th century)
Righteous Michael the Soldier of Potuka, Bulgaria (866)
Venerable Germanus, founder of the Monastery of the Theotokos
Eikosiphinissa, in the Metropolis of Drama, Greece (9th century)
Saint Clement of Ochrid, Bishop of Ohrid (Achrida),
Enlightener of Bulgaria and Wonderworker (916)
Martyr Maurus, born of Christian parents in North Africa,
he was martyred in Rome under Numerian
Saint Pragmatius, Bishop of Autun in France (c. 520)
Saint Deyniolen (Deiniol the Younger), Abbot of Bangor Abbey in Wales (621)
Saint Sabinian, Third Abbot of Moutier-Saint-Chaffre in France (c. 720)
Saint Christian, thirty-seventh Bishop of Auxerre in France (c. 873)
Saint Tigridia (Trigidia), Abbess of San Salvador de Oña, which her father
Count Sancho Garcia founded for her to direct (c. 925)
Martyrdom of St. Michael of Tver, Prince of Tver (1318)
Venerable Callistus II Xanothopoulos, Hesychast monk of Mount Athos
and Patriarch of Constantinople (1397)
New Hieromartyr Joasaph (Zhevakhov), Bishop of Mogilev (1937)
New Hieromartyrs John Smirnov, Basil Bov, Paul Yevdokimov, Jacob Sokolov,
Theodore Gusiev, John Baranov, Priests (1937)
New Hieromartyrs Elias Gromoglasov, and Alexis Benemansky, Protopresbyters
of Ryazan, and Athanasius Milov, Priest of Chimkent (1937)
Hieromartyr Gerasimus (Mochalov) (1937)
Venerable Paraskeva, Confessor (1952)
Coptic Orthodox
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