164 BC – Judas Maccabeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, restores the Temple in Jerusalem. This event is commemorated each year by the festival of Hanukkah.
235 – Pope Anterus succeeds Pontian as the nineteenth pope. During the persecutions of emperor Maximinus Thrax he is martyred.
1009 – Lý Công Uẩn is enthroned as emperor of Đại Cồ Việt, founding the Lý dynasty.
1386 – Timur of Samarkand captures and sacks the Georgian capital of Tbilisi, taking King Bagrat V of Georgia captive.
1620 – Plymouth Colony settlers sign the Mayflower Compact (November 11, O.S.).
1676 – Danish astronomer Ole Rømer presented the first measurements of the speed of light
1776 – In what proved a fateful decision, Continental Commander in Chief General George Washington wrote to General Charles Lee in Westchester County, New York, to report the loss of Fort Lee, New Jersey, and to order Lee to bring his forces to New Jersey.
1783 – In Paris, French physician Jean-François Pilatre de Rozier and François Laurent d' Arlandes make the first untethered hot-air balloon flight, flying 5.5 miles over Paris in about 25 minutes. Their cloth balloon was crafted by French papermaking brothers Jacques-Étienne and Joseph-Michel Montgolfier, inventors of the world's first successful hot-air balloons.
1789 – North Carolina ratifies the United States Constitution and is admitted as the 12th U.S. state.
1832 – Wabash College is founded in Crawfordsville, Indiana.
1861 – American Civil War: Confederate President Jefferson Davis appoints Judah Benjamin the secretary of war.
1877 – Thomas Edison announces his invention of the phonograph, a machine that can record and play back sound.
1894 – Port Arthur, China, falls to the Japanese, a decisive victory of the First Sino-Japanese War, after which Japanese troops are accused of the massacre of the remaining inhabitants of the city. (Reports conflict on this subject.)
1902 – The Philadelphia Football Athletics defeated the Kanaweola Athletic Club of Elmira, New York, 39–0, in the first ever professional American football night game.
1905 – Albert Einstein's paper, "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?", is published in the journal Annalen der Physik. This paper reveals the relationship between energy and mass. This leads to the mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc².
1910 – Sailors onboard Brazil's most powerful military units, including the brand-new warships Minas Geraes, São Paulo, and Bahia, violently rebel in what is now known as the Revolta da Chibata (Revolt of the Lash).
1912 – Waterville would remain the seat of Douglas County, Washington. Voters approve the measure in spite of efforts to move the seat to Mansfield.
1916: With World War I in full swing, the popular monarch Franz Josef of Austria dies at the age of 86, after reigning for 66 years.
1916 – World War I: A mine explodes and sinks HMHS Britannic, sister ship to the Titanic, in the Aegean Sea, killing 30 people. More than 1,000 others were rescued.
1918 – The Flag of Estonia, previously used by pro-independence activists, is formally adopted as the national flag of the Republic of Estonia.
1918 – A pogrom takes place in Lwów (now Lviv); over three days, at least 50 Jews and 270 Ukrainian Christians are killed by Poles.
1922 – Rebecca Latimer Felton of Georgia takes the oath of office, becoming the first female United States Senator.
1927 – Columbine Mine massacre: Striking coal miners are allegedly attacked with machine guns by a detachment of state police dressed in civilian clothes.
1941 – Albert Speer, Adolf Hitler's chief architect and minister for armaments and war production, asked for 30,000 Soviet prisoners of war to use as slave laborers to begin a massive Berlin building program.
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| 1942: Construction of the Alaska Highway, Delta Junction, AK from whatwasthere.com |
1945 – The United Auto Workers strike 92 General Motors plants in 50 cities to back up worker demands for a 30-percent raise.
1950 – Two Canadian National Railway trains collide in northeastern British Columbia in the Canoe River train crash; the death toll is 21, with 17 of them Canadian troops bound for Korea.
1953 – The British Natural History Museum, London announces that the "Piltdown Man" skull, initially believed to be one of the most important fossilized hominid skulls ever found, is a hoax
1959 – American disc jockey Alan Freed, who had popularized the term "rock and roll" and music of that style, is fired from WABC-AM radio for refusing to deny allegations that he had participated in the payola scandal.
1962 – The Chinese People's Liberation Army declares a unilateral ceasefire in the Sino-Indian War.
1964 – The Verrazano–Narrows Bridge opens to traffic. (At the time it is the world's longest suspension bridge.)
1964 – Second Vatican Council: The third session of the Roman Catholic Church's ecumenical council closes.
1967 – Vietnam War: American General William Westmoreland, commander of U.S. Military Assistance Command Vietnam, tells U.S. news reporters: "I am absolutely certain that whereas in 1965 the enemy was winning, today he is certainly losing."
1969 – U.S. President Richard Nixon and Japanese Premier Eisaku Satō agree in Washington, D.C., on the return of Okinawa to Japanese control in 1972. Under the terms of the agreement, the U.S. is to retain its rights to bases on the island, but these are to be nuclear-free.
1969 – The first permanent ARPANET link is established between UCLA and SRI.
1970 – Vietnam War: Operation Ivory Coast: A combined U.S. Air Force and Army team of 40 Americans led by Army Colonel "Bull" Simons conducts a raid on the Son Tay prison camp, 23 miles west of Hanoi, in an attempt to free between 70 and 100 American prisoners of war thought to be held there. Unfortunately, the Green Berets could not locate any prisoners in the huts.
1971 – Indian troops, partly aided by Mukti Bahini (Bengali guerrillas), defeat the Pakistan army in the Battle of Garibpur.
1972 – Voters in South Korea overwhelmingly approve a new constitution, giving legitimacy to Park Chung-hee and the Fourth Republic.
1974 – The Birmingham pub bombings kill 21 people. The Birmingham Six are sentenced to life in prison for the crime but subsequently acquitted.
1976 – The movie "Rocky”, starring Sylvester Stallone, premieres in New York.
1977 – Minister of Internal Affairs Allan Highet announces that the national anthems of New Zealand shall be the traditional anthem "God Save the Queen" and "God Defend New Zealand", by Thomas Bracken (lyrics) and John Joseph Woods (music), both being of equal status as appropriate to the occasion.
1979 – The United States Embassy in Islamabad, Pakistan, is attacked by a mob and set on fire, killing four.
1980 – A deadly fire breaks out at the MGM Grand Hotel in Paradise, Nevada (now Bally's Las Vegas). Eighty-seven people are killed and more than 650 are injured in the worst disaster in Nevada history.
1983 – US military campaign in Grenada ends.
1985 – United States Navy intelligence analyst Jonathan Pollard is arrested for spying after being caught giving Israel classified information on Arab nations. He is subsequently sentenced to life in prison.
1986 – Iran–Contra affair: National Security Council member Oliver North and his secretary start to shred documents allegedly implicating them in the sale of weapons to Iran and channeling the proceeds to help fund the Contra rebels in Nicaragua.
1992 – A major tornado strikes the Houston, Texas area during the afternoon. Over the next two days the largest tornado outbreak ever to occur in the US during November spawns over 100 tornadoes before ending on the 23rd.
1995 – The Dayton Agreement is initialed at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, near Dayton, Ohio, ending three and a half years of war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The agreement is formally ratified in Paris, on December 14 that same year.
1996 – Humberto Vidal explosion: Thirty-three people die when a Humberto Vidal shoe shop explodes.
2002 – NATO invites Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia to become members.
2004 – The second round of the Ukrainian presidential election is held, giving rise to massive protests and controversy over the election's integrity.
2004 – The island of Dominica is hit by the most destructive earthquake in its history. The northern half of the island sustains the most damage, especially the town of Portsmouth. It is also felt in neighboring Guadeloupe, where one person is killed.
2004 – The Paris Club agrees to write off 80% (up to $100 billion) of Iraq's external debt.
2006 – Anti-Syrian Lebanese Minister and MP Pierre Gemayel is assassinated in suburban Beirut.
2009 – A mine explosion in Heilongjiang province, northeastern China, kills 108.
2012 – At least 28 are wounded after a bomb is thrown onto a bus in Tel Aviv.
2013 – A supermarket roof collapse in Riga, Zolitude, Latvia killing 54 people.
2013 – The Euromaidan begins in Ukraine.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Greater Double.
Contemporary Western
Pope Gelasius I
Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
William Byrd, John Merbecke and Thomas Tallis (Episcopal Church (USA))
Eastern Orthodox
November 21 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
The Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos into the Temple
Saint Rufus of Rome, the disciple whom Saint Paul greets in Romans 16:13 (c. 90)
Martyrs Celsus and Clement, in Rome
Martyrs Demetrius and Honorius, in Ostia in Italy
Martyrs Honorius, Eutychius and Stephen, in Asta in Andalusia in Spain
under Diocletian (c. 300)
Saint Gelasius I, Pope of Rome (496)
Saint Digain, son of Constantine Corneu, King of Dumnonia (5th century)
Saint Maurus of Verona, twelfth Bishop of Verona, Confessor (c. 600)
Venerable Columbanus of Bobbio, Abbot and founder of Luxeuil Abbey, Gaul (615)
Saint Amelberga of Susteren, Benedictine Abbess of Susteren Abbey
in the Netherlands (c. 900)
Saint Hilary, Benedictine Abbot of San Vincenzo in Volturno (1011-1045),
who revived the monastic life there (c. 1045)
Saint Yaropolk-Peter, Prince of Vladimir in Volhynia (11th century)
Venerable Sozomenos, Bishop of Karpaseia in Cyprus, and Wonderworker (12th century)
Vladimir Ryasensky of Tver, priest (1932)
New Hieromartyr Alexander Hotovitsky of New York, Priest (1937)
New Hieromartyrs Basil Bov of Chimkent, and Alexander Andreyev
of Moscow, Protopresbyters (1937)
New Hieromartyrs James Sokolov, John Smirnov, Paul Yevdokimov of Tver,
and Theodore Gusiev of Moscow, Priests (1937)
New Hieromartyr Gerasimus (Mochalov), Hieromonk of Moscow
New Hieromartyr Alexis Benemansky of Tver, Priest (1937)
Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos "Everlasting Hope"
Synaxis of churches that are dedicated to the Entrance of the Most Holy Theotokos
The Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos into the Temple
Saint Rufus of Rome, the disciple whom Saint Paul greets in Romans 16:13 (c. 90)
Martyrs Celsus and Clement, in Rome
Martyrs Demetrius and Honorius, in Ostia in Italy
Martyrs Honorius, Eutychius and Stephen, in Asta in Andalusia in Spain
under Diocletian (c. 300)
Saint Gelasius I, Pope of Rome (496)
Saint Digain, son of Constantine Corneu, King of Dumnonia (5th century)
Saint Maurus of Verona, twelfth Bishop of Verona, Confessor (c. 600)
Venerable Columbanus of Bobbio, Abbot and founder of Luxeuil Abbey, Gaul (615)
Saint Amelberga of Susteren, Benedictine Abbess of Susteren Abbey
in the Netherlands (c. 900)
Saint Hilary, Benedictine Abbot of San Vincenzo in Volturno (1011-1045),
who revived the monastic life there (c. 1045)
Saint Yaropolk-Peter, Prince of Vladimir in Volhynia (11th century)
Venerable Sozomenos, Bishop of Karpaseia in Cyprus, and Wonderworker (12th century)
Vladimir Ryasensky of Tver, priest (1932)
New Hieromartyr Alexander Hotovitsky of New York, Priest (1937)
New Hieromartyrs Basil Bov of Chimkent, and Alexander Andreyev
of Moscow, Protopresbyters (1937)
New Hieromartyrs James Sokolov, John Smirnov, Paul Yevdokimov of Tver,
and Theodore Gusiev of Moscow, Priests (1937)
New Hieromartyr Gerasimus (Mochalov), Hieromonk of Moscow
New Hieromartyr Alexis Benemansky of Tver, Priest (1937)
Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos "Everlasting Hope"
Synaxis of churches that are dedicated to the Entrance of the Most Holy Theotokos
Coptic Orthodox
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