Wednesday, April 23, 2014

August 8 in history


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AUG 07      INDEX      AUG 09
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1220 – Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula.

1503 – King James IV of Scotland marries Margaret Tudor, daughter of King Henry VII of England at Holyrood Abbey in Edinburgh, Scotland.

1576 – The cornerstone for Tycho Brahe's Uraniborg observatory is laid on Ven, Denmark.

1585 – John Davis enters Cumberland Sound in search of the Northwest Passage.

1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: The naval engagement ends, ending the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England.

1605 – The city of Oulu, Finland, is founded by Charles IX of Sweden.

1647 – The Irish Confederate Wars and Wars of the Three Kingdoms: Battle of Dungan's Hill: English Parliamentary forces defeat Irish forces.

1709 – Bartolomeu de Gusmão demonstrates the lifting power of hot air in an audience before the King of Portugal in Lisbon, Portugal

1775 – A group of Virginia Patriots known as Morgan’s Riflemen arrived at the Continental Army camp outside Boston, Massachusetts.

1786 – Mont Blanc on the French – Italian border is climbed for the first time by Jacques Balmat and Dr. Michel-Gabriel Paccard.

1786 – US Congress chooses the dollar as the monetary unit for the United States of America.

1793 – The insurrection of Lyon occurs during the French Revolution.

1794 – Joseph Whidbey leads an expedition to search for the Northwest Passage near Juneau, Alaska.

1844 – The Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, headed by Brigham Young, is reaffirmed as the leading body of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

1863 – American Civil War: Following his defeat in the Battle of Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee sends a letter of resignation to Confederate President Jefferson Davis (which is refused upon receipt).

1870 – The Republic of Ploiești, a failed Radical-Liberal rising against Domnitor Carol of Romania.

1876 – Thomas Edison receives a patent for his mimeograph.

1885 – More than 1.5 million people attend the funeral of Ulysses S. Grant in New York City.

1898 – Corn Flakes are invented by Will Kellogg.

1908 – Wilbur Wright makes his first flight at a racecourse at Le Mans, France. It is the Wright Brothers' first public flight.

1918 – World War I: The Battle of Amiens begins a string of almost continuous victories with a push through the German front lines (Hundred Days Offensive).

1927 – The predecessor to the Philippine Stock Exchange opens.

1929 – The German airship Graf Zeppelin begins a round-the-world flight.

1940 – The "Aufbau Ost" directive is signed by Wilhelm Keitel.

1942 – Quit India Movement is launched in India against the British rule in response to Mohandas Gandhi's call for swaraj or complete independence.

1946 – First flight of the Convair B-36, the world's first mass-produced nuclear weapon delivery vehicle, the heaviest mass-produced piston-engined aircraft, with the longest wingspan of any military aircraft, and the first bomber with intercontinental range.

1960 – South Kasai secedes from the Congo.

1963 – Great Train Robbery: In England, a gang of 15 train robbers steal £2.6 million in bank notes.

1963 – The Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU), the current ruling party of Zimbabwe, is formed by a split from the Zimbabwe African People's Union.

1967 – The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is founded by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.

1969 – At a zebra crossing in London, photographer Iain Macmillan takes the photo that becomes the cover of the Beatles album Abbey Road.

1973 – Kim Dae-jung, a South Korean politician and later president of South Korea, is kidnapped.

1974 – President Richard Nixon, in a nationwide television address, announces his resignation from the office of the President of the United States effective noon the next day.

1980 – The Central Hotel Fire occurs in Bundoran, Ireland.

1988 – The "8888 Uprising" occurs in Burma.

1989 – Space Shuttle program: STS-28 Mission: Space Shuttle Columbia takes off on a secret five-day military mission.

1990 – Iraq occupies Kuwait and the state is annexed to Iraq. This would lead to the Gulf War shortly afterward.

1991 – The Warsaw radio mast, at one time the tallest construction ever built, collapses.

2000 – Confederate submarine H.L. Hunley is raised to the surface after 136 years on the ocean floor and 30 years after its discovery by undersea explorer E. Lee Spence.

2008 – A EuroCity express train en route from Kraków, Poland to Prague, Czech Republic strikes a part of a motorway bridge that had fallen onto the railroad track near Studénka railway station in the Czech Republic and derails, killing eight people and injuring 64 others.

2008 – The opening ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics take place in Beijing.

2010 – 2010 China floods: A mudslide in Zhugqu County, Gansu, China, kills more than 1,400 people.

2014:  The U.S. unleashed its first airstrikes against the Islamic State group in northern Iraq amid a worsening humanitarian crisis.



Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

Cyriacus, Largus, and Smaragdus, Martyrs.     Semi-double.


Contemporary Western

Cyriacus, Largus, and Smaragdus (and companions)
Dominic de Guzman, founder of the Dominican Order.
Hormisdas
Mary MacKillop


Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran



Eastern Orthodox


Afterfeast of the Transfiguration of Our Lord, God, and Savior Jesus Christ.

Saint Myron the Wonderworker, Archbishop of Crete (350)
Martyrs Eleutherius and Leonides, of Constantinople,
      and many infants with them, by fire (4th century)
Martyr Gormizdas (Hormisdas) of Persia (418)
The Ten Venerable ascetics of Egypt.
The two martyrs of Tyre, dragged to death.
Martyr Styracius, by the sword.
Saint Emilian the Confessor, Bishop of Cyzicus (820)

Saints Cyriacus, Largus, Smaragdus and Companions,
      a group of twenty-four martyrs who suffered in Rome under Diocletian (304)
Saint Severus, a priest who came to enlighten the area around Vienne in France (c. 445)
Saint Leobald (Leodebod, Leodebaldus), founder of Fleury Abbey,
      later called Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire, near Orleans in France (650)
Saint Mummolus (Mommolus, Mommolenus),
      second Abbot of Fleury in France (c. 678)
Saint Sigrada, mother of Sts Leodegarius and Warinus
      nun at the convent in Soissons in France (c. 678)
Saint Ternatius (Terniscus), eleventh Bishop of Besançon in the east of France (c. 680)
Saint Ellidius (Illog), Patron-saint of Hirnant in Powys in Wales
      and of a church in the Scilly Isles (7th century)
Saint Gedeon, the thirteenth Bishop of Besançon in France (796)
Saint Ultan, priest at the monastery of St Peter in Crayke in Yorkshire (8th century)
Saint Rathard (Rathard von Andechs), a noble who became a priest and founded the monastery of Diessen (Dießen-Andechs) in Germany (815)

Venerable Theodosius the New, Igumen of Orov
Venerable Gregory, Iconographer, of the Kiev Caves (12th century)
Venerable Gregory of Sinai (Mt. Athos) (1346)
Saint Zosimas the Sinaite, of Tumana Monastery, Serbia (14th century)
Saint Gregory, Wonderworker, of the Kiev Caves (14th century)
New Martyr Triantaphyllos of Zagora, Thessaly, at Constantinople (1680)
New Martyr Anastasius (Spaso) of Radovishte in Strumica, at Thessaloniki (1794)
Monkmartyr Euthymius, Abbot of the Monastery of St. John the Baptist,
      at David Gareja monastery complex, Georgia (1804)
Saint Philaret of Ichalka, Ivanovo (1913)

New Hieromartyr Joseph (Baranov), Hieromonk of the Tolga Monastery (Yaroslavl) (1918)
New Hieromartyr Nicholas Shumkov, Priest (1937)
New Hieromartyr Nicodemus (Krotkov), Archbishop of Kostroma and Galich (1938)

Consecration of the Church of the Apostles Peter and Paul, in the year 891 AD,
      in reign of Leo VI the Wise, when there occurred
      a solar eclipse from the sixth to the ninth hours
Consecration of the Church of the Most Holy Theotokos in Jerusalem
"Tolga" Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos (1314)
First (1566) and second (1992) translations of the relics of Sts. Zosimas (1478)
      and Sabbatius (1435), of Solovki
Translation of the relics (1992) of St. Herman of Solovki (1479)
Uncovering of the relics (2002) of St. Barlaam of Chikoisk Monastery (Siberia)


Coptic Orthodox






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