1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade.
1121 – Battle of Didgori: The Georgian army under King David IV wins a decisive victory over the famous Seljuk commander Ilghazi.
1164 – Battle of Harim: Nur ad-Din Zangi defeats the Crusader armies of the County of Tripoli and the Principality of Antioch.
1323 – Signature of the Treaty of Nöteborg between Sweden and Novgorod (Russia), that regulates the border between the two countries for the first time.
1480 – Battle of Otranto: Ottoman troops behead 800 Christians for refusing to convert to Islam; they are later honored in the Church.
1499 – First engagement of the Battle of Zonchio between Venetian and Ottoman fleets.
1624 – The president of Louis XIII of France's royal council is arrested, leaving Cardinal Richelieu in the role of the King's principal minister.
1676 – Praying Indian John Alderman shoots and kills Metacomet, the Wampanoag war chief, ending King Philip's War.
1687 – Battle of Mohács: Charles of Lorraine defeats the Ottoman Empire.
1765 – Treaty of Allahabad is signed. The Treaty marks the political and constitutional involvement and the beginning of Company rule in India.
1793 – The Rhône and Loire départments are created when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire is split into two.
1806 – Santiago de Liniers, 1st Count of Buenos Aires re-takes the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina after the first British invasion.
1831 – French intervention forces William I of the Netherlands to abandon his attempt to suppress the Belgian Revolution.
1851 – Isaac Singer is granted a patent for his sewing machine.
1867: President Andrew Johnson sparked a move to impeach him as he defied Congress by suspending Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.
1877 – Asaph Hall discovers the Mars moon Deimos.
1877 – Thomas Edison completes the first model of the phonograph, which recorded sound onto tinfoil cylinders.
1883 – The last quagga dies at the Artis Magistra zoo in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
1898 – An Armistice ends the Spanish–American War.
1898 – The Hawaiian flag is lowered from ʻIolani Palace in an elaborate annexation ceremony and replaced with the flag of the United States to signify the transfer of sovereignty from the Republic of Hawaii to the United States.
1908 – The first Model T car is built by Henry Ford’s motor company.
1914 – World War I: The United Kingdom declares war on Austria-Hungary; the countries of the British Empire follow suit.
1914 – World War I: The Battle of Haelen a.k.a. (Battle of the Silver Helmets) a clash between large Belgian and German cavalry formations at Halen, Belgium.
1944 – Waffen-SS troops massacre 560 people in Sant'Anna di Stazzema.
1944 – Nazi German troops end the week-long Wola massacre, during which time at least 40,000 people were killed indiscriminately or in mass executions.
1944 – Alençon is liberated by General Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque, the first city in France to be liberated from the Nazis by French forces.
1948 – USS Nevada is struck from the naval record.
1950 – Korean War: Bloody Gulch massacre—American POWs are massacred by North Korean Army.
1952 – The Night of the Murdered Poets: Thirteen prominent Jewish intellectuals are murdered in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union.
1953 – Nuclear weapons testing: The Soviet atomic bomb project continues with the detonation of Joe 4, the first Soviet thermonuclear weapon.
1953 – The islands of Zakynthos and Kefalonia in Greece are severely damaged by an earthquake measuring 7.3 on the Richter scale.
1955 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the Presidential Libraries Act of 1955 into law. The Presidential Libraries Act of 1955 (PLA) established a system to preserve and make accessible Presidential records through the creation of privately erected and Federally maintained libraries.
1958 – Art Kane photographs 57 notable jazz musicians in the black and white group portrait "A Great Day in Harlem" in front of a Brownstone in New York City.
1960 – Echo 1A, NASA's first successful communications satellite, is launched.
1964 – South Africa is banned from the Olympic Games due to the country's racist policies.
1964 – Charlie Wilson, one of the Great Train Robbers, escapes from Winson Green Prison in Birmingham, England, United Kingdom.
1969 – Violence erupts after the Apprentice Boys of Derry march in Derry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom resulting in a three-day communal riot known as the Battle of the Bogside.
1976 – Between 1,000 and 3,500 Palestinians are killed in the Tel al-Zaatar massacre, one of the bloodiest events of the Lebanese Civil War
1977 – The first free flight of the Space Shuttle Enterprise.
1977 – The 1977 riots in Sri Lanka, targeting the minority Sri Lankan Tamil people, begin, less than a month after the United National Party came to power. Over 300 Tamils are killed.
1978 – The Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and the People's Republic of China is signed.
1980 – The Montevideo Treaty, establishing the Latin American Integration Association, is signed.
1981 – IBM introduced its first personal computer, the model 5150, at a press conference in New York.
1982 – Mexico announces that it is unable to pay its enormous external debt, marking the beginning of a debt crisis that spreads to all of Latin America and the Third World.
1985 – Japan Airlines Flight 123 crashes into Osutaka ridge in Gunma Prefecture, Japan, killing 520, to become the worst single-plane air disaster.
1990 – Sue, the largest and most complete Tyrannosaurus Rex skeleton found to date, is discovered by Sue Hendrickson in South Dakota.
1992 – Canada, Mexico and the United States announce completion of negotiations for the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
1993 – Pope John Paul II starts his 8th annual World Youth Day in Denver's Mile High Stadium.
1994 – Major League Baseball players go on strike. This will force the cancellation of the 1994 World Series.
2000 – The Oscar class submarine K-141 Kursk of the Russian Navy explodes and sinks in the Barents Sea during a military exercise.
2004 – Mr. Lee Hsien Loong is sworn in as Singapore's third Prime Minister.
2005 – Sri Lanka's foreign minister, Lakshman Kadirgamar, is fatally shot by an LTTE sniper at his home.
2007 – The bulk carrier MV New Flame collides with the oil tanker Torm Gertrud at the southernmost tip of Gibraltar, ending up partially submerged.
2007 – American swimmer Michael Phelps wins his 3rd of a record 8 gold medals at the Beijing Olympics.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Clare, Virgin. Double.
Commemoration of the Octave of St. Lawrence.
Commemoration of the Octave of St. Lawrence.
Contemporary Western
Euplius
Herculanus of Brescia
Jænberht
Jane Frances de Chantal
Pope Innocent XI
Herculanus of Brescia
Jænberht
Jane Frances de Chantal
Pope Innocent XI
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
August 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Afterfeast of the Transfiguration of Our Lord, God, and Savior Jesus Christ
Hieromartyr Alexander of Comana, Bishop of Comana (3rd century)
Martyrs Pamphilus and Capito, by the sword (3rd century)
Martyrs Anicetus and Photius, and others, of Nicomedia (288)
Holy 12 soldier-martyrs of Crete, by the sword.
Venerable Pallamon of Egypt (c. 323), instructor of St. Pachomius the Great
Venerable Saints Sergius and Stephen, peacefully
Venerable Castor, peacefully
Martyrs Hilaria, Digna, Euprepia, Eunomia, Quiriacus, Largio,
Crescentian, Nimmia, Juliana and Companions (c. 304)
Saint Euplus of Catania (304)
Saint Gracilian and Felicissima (c. 304)
Saint Cassian of Benevento, Bishop of Benevento (c. 340)
Saint Eusebius of Milan, a Greek by birth, was Bishop of Milan in Italy
opposed Eutychianism (465)
Saint Herculanus of Brescia, Bishop of Brescia in Italy (c. 550)
Saint Molaise of Devenish (Laisrén mac Nad Froích) (563)
Saint Muredach (Murtagh, Muiredach), first Bishop of Killala
and founder of Innismurray (6th century)
Saint Seigine (Ségéne mac Fiachnaí), Abbot of Iona (652)
Saint Porcarius, Abbot of Lérins, and 500 Companions, massacred by the Saracens (c. 732)
Saint Jambert (Jænberht, Janbert), fourteenth Archbishop of Canterbury (792)
Saint Merewenna (Marwenne, Morwenna), the local saint of Marhamchurch
near Bude in Cornwall
Saint Ust (Justus). The town of St Just, a few miles from Penzance in Cornwall,
is named after this hermit
New Hieromartyrs of David Gareja Monastery, slain by the Dagestanis (Lekians) (1851):
Gerontius and Serapion (hieromonks); Otar (deacon);
Monk-martyrs Germanus, Bessarion, and Michael, and New Martyr Symeon.
New Hieromartyrs of the Belogorsk St. Nicholas Monastery (Perm) (1918-1919):
Barlaam (Konoplev), Archimandrite,
Anthony (Arapov), Abbot,
Sergius (Vershinin), Elijah (Popov), Vyacheslav (Kosozhilin),
Ioasaph (Sabintsev), and John (Novoselov), Hieromonks;
Micah (Podkorytov), Bessarion (Okulov), Euthymius (Korotkov),
and Matthew (Bannikov), Hierodeacons;
New Monk-martyrs: Euthymius, Barnabas, Demetrius, Sabbas,
Hermogenes, Arcadius, and Marcellus;
Martyred novices: John, Jacob, Peter, Jacob, Alexander,
Theodore, Peter, Sergius, and Alexis.
New Hieromartyr Basil Infantiev, Priest (1918)
New Hieromartyrs Leonidas Biryukovich, John Nikolsky,
and Nicholas Dobroumov, Priests (1937)
New Martyr Eudocia Safronova (1938)
Translation of relics of St. Eadwold of Cerne (Edwold) (c. 900), hermit of Cerne
Afterfeast of the Transfiguration of Our Lord, God, and Savior Jesus Christ
Hieromartyr Alexander of Comana, Bishop of Comana (3rd century)
Martyrs Pamphilus and Capito, by the sword (3rd century)
Martyrs Anicetus and Photius, and others, of Nicomedia (288)
Holy 12 soldier-martyrs of Crete, by the sword.
Venerable Pallamon of Egypt (c. 323), instructor of St. Pachomius the Great
Venerable Saints Sergius and Stephen, peacefully
Venerable Castor, peacefully
Martyrs Hilaria, Digna, Euprepia, Eunomia, Quiriacus, Largio,
Crescentian, Nimmia, Juliana and Companions (c. 304)
Saint Euplus of Catania (304)
Saint Gracilian and Felicissima (c. 304)
Saint Cassian of Benevento, Bishop of Benevento (c. 340)
Saint Eusebius of Milan, a Greek by birth, was Bishop of Milan in Italy
opposed Eutychianism (465)
Saint Herculanus of Brescia, Bishop of Brescia in Italy (c. 550)
Saint Molaise of Devenish (Laisrén mac Nad Froích) (563)
Saint Muredach (Murtagh, Muiredach), first Bishop of Killala
and founder of Innismurray (6th century)
Saint Seigine (Ségéne mac Fiachnaí), Abbot of Iona (652)
Saint Porcarius, Abbot of Lérins, and 500 Companions, massacred by the Saracens (c. 732)
Saint Jambert (Jænberht, Janbert), fourteenth Archbishop of Canterbury (792)
Saint Merewenna (Marwenne, Morwenna), the local saint of Marhamchurch
near Bude in Cornwall
Saint Ust (Justus). The town of St Just, a few miles from Penzance in Cornwall,
is named after this hermit
New Hieromartyrs of David Gareja Monastery, slain by the Dagestanis (Lekians) (1851):
Gerontius and Serapion (hieromonks); Otar (deacon);
Monk-martyrs Germanus, Bessarion, and Michael, and New Martyr Symeon.
New Hieromartyrs of the Belogorsk St. Nicholas Monastery (Perm) (1918-1919):
Barlaam (Konoplev), Archimandrite,
Anthony (Arapov), Abbot,
Sergius (Vershinin), Elijah (Popov), Vyacheslav (Kosozhilin),
Ioasaph (Sabintsev), and John (Novoselov), Hieromonks;
Micah (Podkorytov), Bessarion (Okulov), Euthymius (Korotkov),
and Matthew (Bannikov), Hierodeacons;
New Monk-martyrs: Euthymius, Barnabas, Demetrius, Sabbas,
Hermogenes, Arcadius, and Marcellus;
Martyred novices: John, Jacob, Peter, Jacob, Alexander,
Theodore, Peter, Sergius, and Alexis.
New Hieromartyr Basil Infantiev, Priest (1918)
New Hieromartyrs Leonidas Biryukovich, John Nikolsky,
and Nicholas Dobroumov, Priests (1937)
New Martyr Eudocia Safronova (1938)
Translation of relics of St. Eadwold of Cerne (Edwold) (c. 900), hermit of Cerne
Coptic Orthodox
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