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522 BC – Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta, securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire.
61 BC – Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday.
1227 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades.
1364 – Battle of Auray: English forces defeat the French in Brittany; end of the Breton War of Succession.
1567 – At a dinner, the Duke of Alba arrests the Count of Egmont and the Count of Hoorn for treason.
1650 – Henry Robinson opens his Office of Addresses and Encounters in Threadneedle Street, London.
1717 – An earthquake strikes Antigua Guatemala, destroying much of the city's architecture and making authorities consider moving the capital to a different city.
1789 – During the American Revolution, accused British spy Major John Andre, Benedict Arnold’s contact and accomplice, was sentenced to be executed by hanging for his involvement in the treasonous plot. Days before, it was Andre’s capture that had brought Arnold’s betrayal to light. After being stopped by three Patriot militiamen, Andre was searched and documents referring to Benedict Arnold, and Arnold’s plan to betray the United States by turning over West Point, were discovered in Andre’s boot. Andre was executed on October 2,
1789 – The United States Department of War first establishes a regular army with a strength of several hundred men.
1789 – The 1st United States Congress adjourns.
1829 – The Metropolitan Police of London, later also known as the Met, is founded.
1848 – Battle of Pákozd: Stalemate between Hungarian and Croatian forces at Pákozd; the first battle of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.
1850 – The Roman Catholic hierarchy is re-established in England and Wales by Pope Pius IX.
1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Chaffin's Farm is fought.
1880 – The first professional baseball game is held at Polo Grounds, NY. The Metropolitans beat the Washington Nationals 4-2.
1885 – The first practical public electric tramway in the world is opened in Blackpool, England.
1907 – The cornerstone is laid at Washington National Cathedral in the U.S. capital.
1911 – Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
1918 – World War I, Battle of St. Quentin Canal: The Hindenburg Line is broken by Allied forces. Bulgaria signs an armistice.
1923 – The British Mandate for Palestine takes effect, creating Mandatory Palestine.
1923 – The first National Women’s Track and Field Championships are held in Newark, NJ.
1932 – Chaco War: Last day of the Battle of Boquerón between Paraguay and Bolivia.
1938 – Munich Agreement: Germany is given permission from France, Italy, and Great Britain to seize the territory of Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia. The meeting takes place in Munich, and leaders from neither the Soviet Union nor Czechoslovakia attend.
1940 – Two Avro Ansons of No. 2 Service Flying Training School RAAF collide in mid-air over Brocklesby, New South Wales, Australia, remain locked together after colliding, and then land safely.
1941 – World War II: Holocaust in Kiev, Soviet Union: German Einsatzgruppe C begins the Babi Yar massacre, according to the Einsatzgruppen operational situation report.
1949 – The Communist Party of China writes the Common Programme for the future People's Republic of China.
1951 – The first live sporting event seen coast-to-coast in the United States, a college football game between Duke and the University of Pittsburgh, is televised on NBC.
1954 – The convention establishing CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) is signed.
1957 – Twenty MCi (740 petabecquerels) of radioactive material is released in an explosion at the Soviet Mayak nuclear plant at Chelyabinsk.
1960 – Nikita Khrushchev, leader of Soviet Union, disrupts a meeting of the United Nations General Assembly with a number of angry outbursts.
1962 – Alouette 1, the first Canadian satellite, is launched.
1963 – The second period of the Second Vatican Council opens.
1964 – The Argentine comic strip Mafalda is published for the first time.
1966 – The Chevrolet Camaro, originally named Panther, is introduced.
1971 – Oman joins the Arab League.
1972 – China–Japan relations: Japan establishes diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China.
1975 – WGPR in Detroit, Michigan, becomes the world's first black-owned-and-operated television station.
1979 – Pope John Paul II becomes the first pope to visit Ireland.
1982 – The Chicago Tylenol murders begin when the first of seven individuals dies in metropolitan Chicago.
1988 – Space Shuttle: NASA launches STS-26, the return to flight mission, after the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.
1990 – Construction of the Washington National Cathedral is completed.
1990 – The YF-22, which would later become the F-22 Raptor, flies for the first time.
1991 – Military coup in Haiti (1991 Haitian coup d'état).
1992 – Brazilian President Fernando Collor de Mello is impeached.
1995 – The United States Navy disbands Fighter Squadron 84 (VF-84), nicknamed the "Jolly Rogers".
2004 – The asteroid 4179 Toutatis passes within four lunar distances of Earth.
2004 – The Burt Rutan Ansari X Prize entry SpaceShipOne performs a successful spaceflight, the first of two required to win the prize.
2006 – Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 collides in mid-air with an Embraer Legacy 600 business jet near Peixoto de Azevedo, Mato Grosso, Brazil, killing 154 total people, and triggering a Brazilian aviation crisis.
2007 – Calder Hall, the world's first commercial nuclear power station, is demolished in a controlled explosion.
2008 – Following the bankruptcies of Lehman Brothers and Washington Mutual, The Dow Jones Industrial Average falls 777.68 points, the largest single-day point loss in its history.
2009 – An 8.0 magnitude earthquake near the Samoan Islands causes a tsunami.
2013 – Over 42 people are killed by members of Boko Haram at the College of Agriculture in Gujba, Nigeria.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Dedication of the church of St. Michael, the Archangel. Double of the Second Class
Contemporary Western
Michaelmas, feast of the Archangels Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael. One of the four quarter days in the Irish calendar. (England and Ireland)
Rhipsime
Rhipsime
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
September 29 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Saint Cyriacus the Anchorite (556)
Saint Theophanes the Merciful of Palestine
Martyrs Dada, Gabdelas, and Casdoe (Casdoa) of Persia (4th century)
Martyr Gudelia of Persia
The Eighty Holy Martyrs of Byzantium (364-378)
Saint Cyprian, abbot, of Ustiug in Vologda (1276)
New Monk-martyr Malachi of Rhodes (1500)
Saint Onuphrius the Wonderworker, of Gareji, Georgia (1733)
New martyr John, Archbishop of Riga in Latvia (1934)
Martyr Petronia
Saint Neophytus the Enclosed
Saint Auxentius the Wonderworker
Martyrs Tryphon, Trophimus, and Dorymedon, and 150 Martyrs, in Palestine
Uncovering of the relics (1993) of St. John (Maximovitch),
archbishop of Shanghai and San Francisco (1966)
Repose of Blessed Anthony Alexeyovich, Fool-for-Christ of Zadonsk (1851)
Repose of Archimandrite Gerasim of Alaska (1969)
archbishop of Shanghai and San Francisco (1966)
Repose of Blessed Anthony Alexeyovich, Fool-for-Christ of Zadonsk (1851)
Repose of Archimandrite Gerasim of Alaska (1969)
Coptic Orthodox
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