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Events
48 B.C.: After landing in Egypt, Roman general and politician Pompey the Great is assassinated on the orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt.
235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He and Hippolytus, church leader of Rome, are exiled to the mines of Sardinia.
351 – Battle of Mursa Major: the Roman Emperor Constantius II defeats the usurper Magnentius.
365 – Roman usurper Procopius bribes two legions passing by Constantinople, and proclaims himself Roman emperor.
935 – Saint Wenceslas is murdered by his brother, Boleslaus I of Bohemia.
995 – Members of Slavník's dynasty – Spytimír, Pobraslav, Pořej and Čáslav are murdered by Boleslaus's son, Boleslaus II the Pious.
1066: Claiming his right to the English throne, William, duke of Normandy, invades England at Pevensey on Britain's southeast coast. His subsequent defeat of King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings marked the beginning of a new era in British history.
1106 – The Battle of Tinchebray – Henry I of England defeats his brother, Robert Curthose.
1238 – Muslim Valencia surrenders to the besieging King James I of Aragon the Conqueror.
1322 – Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats Frederick I of Austria in the Battle of Mühldorf.
1448 – Christian I is crowned king of Denmark.
1538 – Ottoman–Venetian War: The Ottoman Navy scores a decisive victory over a Holy League fleet in the Battle of Preveza.
1542: Portuguese explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo sails into present-day San Diego Bay, naming it San Miguel, during the course of his explorations of the northwest shores of Mexico on behalf of Spain. It was the first known European encounter with California.
1634: John Milton's masque, Comus, was performed for the Earl of Bridgewater, who had been named lord president of Wales and the Marches. The drama was the 25-year-old Milton's first stab at the themes of the struggle between good and evil, which he explored in his masterpiece Paradise Lost.
1779 – American Revolution: Samuel Huntington is elected President of the Continental Congress, succeeding John Jay.
1781: General George Washington, commanding a force of 17,000 French and Continental troops, began the siege known as the Battle of Yorktown against British General Lord Charles Cornwallis and a contingent of 9,000 British troops at Yorktown, Virginia, in the most important battle of the Revolutionary War.
1787 – The newly completed United States Constitution is voted on by the U.S. Congress to be sent to the state legislatures for approval.
1791 – France becomes the first country to emancipate its Jewish population.
1844 – Oscar I of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Sweden.
1863: Union Generals Alexander M. McCook and Thomas Crittenden lose their commands and are ordered to Indianapolis, Indiana, to face a court of inquiry following the Federal defeat at the battle of Chickamauga in Georgia.
1867 – Toronto becomes the capital of Ontario.
1868 – Battle of Alcolea causes Queen Isabella II of Spain to flee to France.
1868: A mob of Democrats massacred nearly 300 African-American Republicans in Opelousas, Louisiana. The savagery began when racist Democrats attacked a newspaper editor, a white Republican and schoolteacher for ex-slaves. Several African-Americans rushed to the assistance of their friend, and in response, Democrats went on a “Negro hunt,” killing every African-American (all of whom were Republicans) in the area they could find.
1871 – Brazilian Parliament passes the Law of the Free Womb, granting freedom to all new children born to slaves, the first major step in the eradication of slavery in Brazil.
1885 – Riots break out in Montreal to protest against compulsory smallpox vaccination.
1889 – The first General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) defines the length of a meter as the distance between two lines on a standard bar of an alloy of platinum with ten percent iridium, measured at the melting point of ice.
1892 – The first night game for American football takes place in a contest between Wyoming Seminary and Mansfield State Normal.
1901 – Philippine–American War: Filipino guerrillas kill more than forty American soldiers while losing 28 of their own, in a surprise attack in the town of Balangiga on Samar Island.
1912 – The Ulster Covenant is signed by half a million Ulster Protestants in opposition to the Third Irish Home Rule Bill.
1912 – Corporal Frank S. Scott of the United States Army becomes the first enlisted man to die in an airplane crash. He and pilot Lt. Lewis C. Rockwell are killed in the crash of an Army Wright Model B at College Park, Maryland.
1918 – World War I: The Fifth Battle of Ypres begins.
1918: A Liberty Loan parade in Philadelphia prompted a huge outbreak of the flu epidemic in the city. By the time the epidemic ended, an estimated 30 million people were dead worldwide.
1919 – Race riots begin in Omaha, Nebraska, US.
1924 – First round-the-world flight completed.
1928 – The U.K. Parliament passes the Dangerous Drugs Act outlawing cannabis.
1928 – Sir Alexander Fleming notices a bacteria-killing mold growing in his laboratory, discovering what later became known as penicillin.
1939 – Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union agree on a division of Poland after their invasion during World War II.
1939 – Warsaw surrenders to Nazi Germany during World War II.
1941 – The Drama Uprising against the Bulgarian occupation in northern Greece begins.
1944 – Soviet Army troops liberate Klooga concentration camp in Klooga, Estonia.
1950 – Indonesia joins the United Nations.
1951 – CBS makes the first color televisions available for sale to the general public, but the product is discontinued less than a month later.
1956 – RCA Records reports that Elvis Presley has sold over 10 million records.
1958 – France ratifies a new Constitution of France; the French Fifth Republic is then formed upon the formal adoption of the new constitution on October 4. Guinea rejects the new constitution, voting for independence instead.
1959: One day after concluding their summit meeting in Washington, D.C., Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev and President Dwight D. Eisenhower offer their opinions as to the importance and meaning of their talks. Both men were optimistic that progress had been made in easing Cold War tensions.
1960 – Mali and Senegal join the United Nations.
1961 – A military coup in Damascus effectively ends the United Arab Republic, the union between Egypt and Syria.
1962 – The Paddington tram depot fire destroys 65 trams in Brisbane, Australia.
1963 – Whaam!, now considered Roy Lichtenstein's most important work, debuted at an exhibition held at the Leo Castelli Gallery that lasted until at October 24.
1970 – Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser dies of a heart attack in Cairo. Anwar Sadat is named as Nasser's temporary successor, and will later become the permanent successor.
1971 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom passes the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 banning the medicinal use of cannabis.
1972 – Paul Henderson scores the series-winning goal for Canada in the final minute of the final game of the ice hockey Summit Series between Canada and the Soviet Union.
1973 – The ITT Building in New York City is bombed in protest at ITT's alleged involvement in the September 11, 1973 coup d'état in Chile.
1975 – The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people are taken hostage, takes place in London.
1994: 852 people died in one of the worst maritime disasters of the century when the cruise ferry MS Estonia, a large car-and-passenger ferry, sank in the Baltic Sea.
1995 – Bob Denard and a group of mercenaries take the islands of Comoros in a coup.
1995 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat sign the Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
1996 – Former president of Afghanistan Mohammad Najibullah is tortured and brutally murdered by the Taliban.
2000 – Al-Aqsa Intifada: Ariel Sharon visits Al-Aqsa Mosque known to Jews as the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
2006 – Suvarnabhumi Airport opens in Amphoe Bang Phli, Samut Prakan Province from Don Mueang International Airport after the older airport ceased international commercial flights.
2008 – SpaceX launches the first private spacecraft, the Falcon 1 into orbit.
2009 – The military junta leading Guinea, headed by Captain Moussa Dadis Camara, raped, killed, and wounded protesters during a protest rally in a stadium called Stade du 28 Septembre.
2012 – Somali and African Union forces launch a coordinated assault on the Somali port city of Kismayo to take back the city from al-Shabaab militants.
2012 – A Dornier Do 228 light aircraft crashes on the outskirts of the Nepalese capital of Kathmandu, killing 19 people.
2014 – Hong Kong protests : Benny Tai announces that Occupy Central is launched as Hong Kong's government headquarters is being occupied by thousands of protesters. Hong Kong police resort to tear gas to disperse protesters but thousands remain.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Wenceslaus, Duke of Bohemia, Martyr Semi-double
Contemporary Western
Aaron of Auxerre
Annemund
Conval
Eustochium
Exuperius
Faustus of Riez
Leoba
Lorenzo Ruiz
Paternus of Auch
Simón de Rojas
Wenceslas
Annemund
Conval
Eustochium
Exuperius
Faustus of Riez
Leoba
Lorenzo Ruiz
Paternus of Auch
Simón de Rojas
Wenceslas
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Richard Rolle, Walter Hilton and Margery Kempe (Episcopal Church (USA))
Eastern Orthodox
September 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Venerable Chariton the Confessor, abbot, of Palestine (350)
Martyrdom of Blessed Wenceslas I of Bohemia, Prince of the Czechs (935)
Prophet Baruch (11th century BC)
Martyrs Alexander, Alphius, Zosimas, Mark, Nicon, Neon, Heliodorus,
and 24 others in Pisidia and Phrygia (4th century)
Saint Alcison, bishop of Nicopolis (Preveza) in Epirus (561)
Saint Leoba, abbess of Tauberbischofsheim, English missionary to Germany (779)
Saint Auxentius the Alaman, Wonderworker of Cyprus (12th century)
Sts. Cyril, schemamonk, and Maria, schemanun (c. 1337),
parents of St. Sergius of Radonezh
Saint Herodion of Iloezersk, abbot (1541)
Saint Chariton, monk, of Syanzhemsk in Vologda (1509)
Martyr Eustace of Rome
Venerable Cyriacos the Hermit of Palestine (556)
Venerable Chariton the Confessor, abbot, of Palestine (350)
Martyrdom of Blessed Wenceslas I of Bohemia, Prince of the Czechs (935)
Prophet Baruch (11th century BC)
Martyrs Alexander, Alphius, Zosimas, Mark, Nicon, Neon, Heliodorus,
and 24 others in Pisidia and Phrygia (4th century)
Saint Alcison, bishop of Nicopolis (Preveza) in Epirus (561)
Saint Leoba, abbess of Tauberbischofsheim, English missionary to Germany (779)
Saint Auxentius the Alaman, Wonderworker of Cyprus (12th century)
Sts. Cyril, schemamonk, and Maria, schemanun (c. 1337),
parents of St. Sergius of Radonezh
Saint Herodion of Iloezersk, abbot (1541)
Saint Chariton, monk, of Syanzhemsk in Vologda (1509)
Martyr Eustace of Rome
Venerable Cyriacos the Hermit of Palestine (556)
Coptic Orthodox
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