October 5 in history

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Events

456 – The Visigoths under king Theodoric II, acting on orders of the Roman emperor Avitus, invade Iberia with an army of Burgundians, Franks and Goths, led by the kings Chilperic I and Gondioc. They defeat the Suebi under king Rechiar on the river Urbicus near Astorga (Gallaecia).

610 – Coronation of Byzantine Emperor Heraclius.

816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by pope Stephen IV at Reims.

869 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about patriarch Photius of Constantinople.

1143 – King Alfonso VII of León and Castile recognises Portugal as a Kingdom.

1450 – Jews are expelled from Lower Bavaria by order of Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria.

1550 – Foundation of Concepción, city in Chile.

1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.

1665 – The University of Kiel is founded.

1789 – French Revolution: Women of Paris march to Versailles in the March on Versailles to confront Louis XVI of France about his refusal to promulgate the decrees on the abolition of feudalism, demand bread, and have the King and his court moved to Paris.

1793 – French Revolution: Christianity is disestablished in France.

1813 – The Battle of the Thames was fought near Chatham-Kent, Ontario during the War of 1812. Americans defeat British and kill Shawnee leader Tecumseh.

1857 – The City of Anaheim, California is founded.

1864 – The Indian city of Calcutta is almost totally destroyed by a cyclone; 60,000 die.

1869 – The Saxby Gale devastates the Bay of Fundy region of Maritime Canada. The storm had been predicted over a year before by a British naval officer.

1869 – In St. Anthony Falls, MN, a man-made tunnel collapses, threatening the riverfront.

1877 – Chief Joseph surrenders his Nez Perce band to General Nelson A. Miles.

1895 – The first individual time trial for racing cyclists is held on a 50-mile course north of London.

1903 – Sir Samuel Griffith is appointed the first Chief Justice of Australia and Sir Edmund Barton and Richard O'Connor are appointed as foundation justices.

1905 – Wilbur Wright pilots Wright Flyer III in a flight of 24 miles in 39 minutes, a world record that stood until 1908.

1910 – In a revolution in Portugal the monarchy is overthrown and a republic is declared.

1911 – The Kowloon–Canton Railway (split into MTR East Rail Line and Guangshen Railway now) commences service between Kowloon and Canton.

1914 – World War I: first aerial combat resulting in an intentional fatality.

1915 – Bulgaria enters World War I as one of the Central Powers.

1921 – Baseball: The World Series is broadcast on the radio for the first time.

1923 – Astronomer Edwin Hubble identifies the Cepheid variable star.

1930 – British airship R101 crashes in France en route to India on its maiden voyage.

1936 – The Jarrow March sets off for London.

1938 – In Nazi Germany, Jews' passports are invalidated, and those who needed a passport for emigration purposes are given one marked with the letter J (Jude – Jew).

1943 – Ninety-eight American POW's are executed by Japanese forces on Wake Island.

1944 – Royal Canadian Air Force pilots shoot down the first German jet fighter over France.

1944 – Suffrage is extended to women in France.

1945 – Hollywood Black Friday: A six-month strike by Hollywood set decorators turns into a bloody riot at the gates of Warner Brothers' studios.

1947 – The first televised White House address is given by U.S. President Harry S. Truman.

1948 – The 1948 Ashgabat earthquake kills 110,000.

1953 – The first documented recovery meeting of Narcotics Anonymous is held.

1953:  Earl Warren was sworn in as the 14th chief justice of the United States, succeeding Fred M. Vinson.

1955 – Disneyland Hotel opens to the public in Anaheim, California.

1962 – Dr. No, the first in the James Bond film series, is released.

1962 – The Beatles' first single, "Love Me Do" backed with "P.S. I Love You", is released in the United Kingdom.

1966 – Near Detroit, Michigan, there is a partial core meltdown at the Enrico Fermi demonstration nuclear breeder reactor.

1968 – Police baton civil rights demonstrators in Derry, Northern Ireland – considered to mark the beginning of The Troubles.

1969 – The first episode of Monty Python's Flying Circus airs on BBC One.

1970 – The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is founded.

1970 – Montreal: British Trade Commissioner James Cross is kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group, triggering the October Crisis.

1973 – Signature of the European Patent Convention.

1974 – Guildford pub bombings: bombs planted by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) kill four British soldiers and one civilian.

1975 – Operation Primicia: terrorist attack against a Military Regiment at Formosa, Argentina.

1982 – Chicago Tylenol murders: Johnson & Johnson initiates a nationwide product recall in the United States for all products in its Tylenol brand after several bottles in Chicago are found to have been laced with cyanide, resulting in seven deaths.

1984 – Marc Garneau becomes the first Canadian in space, aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger.

1986 – Israeli secret nuclear weapons are revealed. The British newspaper The Sunday Times runs Mordechai Vanunu's story on its front page under the headline: "Revealed — the secrets of Israel's nuclear arsenal".

1988 – The Chilean opposition coalition Concertación (center-left) defeats Augusto Pinochet in his re-election attempt and a general election is called the following year.

1988 – The Brazilian Constitution is ratified by the Constituent Assembly.

1990 – After one hundred and fifty years The Herald broadsheet newspaper in Melbourne, Australia, is published for the last time as a separate newspaper.

1991 – An Indonesian military transport crashes after takeoff from Jakarta killing 137.

1991 – The first official version of the Linux kernel, version 0.02, is released.

1999 – The Ladbroke Grove rail crash in west London kills 31 people.

2000 – Mass demonstrations in Belgrade lead to resignation of Serbian strongman Slobodan Milošević. These demonstrations are often called the Bulldozer Revolution.

2001 – Barry Bonds surpasses Mark McGwire's single-season home run total with his milestone 71st and 72nd home runs.

2011 – In the Mekong River massacre, two Chinese cargo boats are hijacked and 13 crew members murdered in the lawless Golden Triangle region of Southeast Asia.

Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

Placidus and his Companions, Martyrs

Contemporary Western

Anna Schäffer
Faustina Kowalska
Blessed Francis Xavier Seelos
Blessed Bartolo Longo
Thraseas
Placid and Maurus
Placidus (martyr)

Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran

Eastern Orthodox

October 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Martyr Charitina of Amisus (304)
Saints Peter (1326), Alexis (1378), Jonah (1461), Macarius (1563), Philip (1569),
      and Hermogenes (1612), metropolitans of Moscow and Wonderworkers of all Russia
Martyr Mamelta (Mamelchtha) Persia (344)
Hieromartyr Dionysius of Alexandria, bishop (265)
Saints Damian the Healer (1071); and Saints Jeremiah (1070) and Matthew (1085),
      clairvoyants, of the Kiev Caves
Saint John (Mavropos), metropolitan of Euchaita (1100)
Saint Charitina of Lithuania, princess (1281)
Saint Cosmas of Bithynia (10th century)
Saint Gregory (Grigol), archimandrite of Khandzta in the Klarjeti desert, Georgia (861)
St. Sabbas the fool-for-Christ, of Vatopedi monastery, Mt. Athos (1350)
St. Varlaam, desert-dweller of Chikoysk (1846)
Saint Methodia of Cimola (1908)
St. Seraphim (Amelin), schema-archimandrite of Glinsk Hermitage (1958)
New Hiero-confessor Gabriel, archimandrite in Melekess (Saratov) (1959)

Repose of Nun Agnia (Countess Anna Orlova-Chesmenskaya) (1848)
Uncovering of the relics (1841) of St. Eudocimus the Unknown,
      monk of Vatopedi monastery, Mt. Athos
Uncovering of the relics (1985) of New Hiero-confessor Basil (Preobrazhensky),
      bishop of Kineshma (1945)

Coptic Orthodox

Hor and Susia (Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria)

October 4 in history

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Events

23 – Rebels capture and sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion. They kill and decapitate the emperor, Wang Mang, two days later.

610 – Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas and becomes Emperor.

1227 – Assassination of Caliph al-Adil.

1302 – A peace treaty between the Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Venice ends the Byzantine–Venetian War (1296–1302).

1363 – End of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the Chinese rebel forces of Zhu Yuanzhang defeat that of his rival, Chen Youliang, in one of the largest naval battles in history.

1511 – Formation of the Holy League of Ferdinand II of Aragon, the Papal States and the Republic of Venice against France.

1535 – The first complete English-language Bible (the Coverdale Bible) is printed, with translations by William Tyndale and Myles Coverdale.

1582 – Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian calendar. In Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain, October 4 of this year is followed directly by October 15.

1597 – The first Guale uprising begins against the Spanish missions in Georgia.

1636 – The Swedish Army defeats the armies of Saxony and the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle of Wittstock.

1636 – The Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts drafts its first law.

1693 – Battle of Marsaglia: Piedmontese troops are defeated by the French.

1725 – Foundation of Rosario in Argentina.

1777 – Battle of Germantown: Troops under George Washington are repelled by British troops under Sir William Howe.

1779 – The Fort Wilson Riot takes place.

1795 – Napoleon Bonaparte first rises to national prominence with a "Whiff of Grapeshot", using cannon to suppress armed counter-revolutionary rioters threatening the French Legislature (National Convention).

1824 – Mexico adopts a new constitution and becomes a federal republic.

1830 – Creation of the Kingdom of Belgium after separation from the Netherlands.

1853 – Crimean War: The Ottoman Empire declares war on Russia.

1876 – Texas A&M University opens as the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, becoming the first public institution of higher education in Texas.

1883 – First run of the Orient Express.

1883 – First meeting of the Boys' Brigade in Glasgow, Scotland.

1895 – The first U.S. Open Men's Golf Championship administered by the United States Golf Association is played at the Newport Country Club in Newport, Rhode Island.

1917 – World War I: The Battle of Broodseinde fought between the British and German armies in Flanders.

1918 – An explosion kills more than 100 and destroys the T.A. Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant in Sayreville, New Jersey. Fires and explosions continue for three days forcing massive evacuations and spreading ordnance over a wide area, pieces of which were still being found as of 2007.

1927 – Gutzon Borglum begins sculpting Mount Rushmore.

1936 – In the East End of London, marches staged by British fascists and various anti-fascist organizations result in violent clashes between them in what becomes known as the Battle of Cable Street.

1940 – Meeting between Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini at the Brenner Pass.

1941 – Norman Rockwell's Willie Gillis character debuts on the cover of The Saturday Evening Post.

1943 – World War II: U.S. captures the Solomon Islands from the Japanese.

1957:  The Space Age began as the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth.

1957:  James R. Hoffa was elected president of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters.

1957 – Avro Arrow roll-out ceremony at Avro Canada plant in Malton, Ontario.

1957 – Leave It To Beaver premieres on CBS.

1958 – Fifth Republic of France is established.

1960 – Eastern Air Lines Flight 375, a Lockheed L-188 Electra, crashes after a bird strike on takeoff from Boston's Logan International Airport, killing 62 of 72 on board.

1963 – Hurricane Flora, kills 6,000 in Cuba and Haiti.

1965 – Pope Paul VI arrives in New York, the first Pope to visit the United States of America and the Western hemisphere.

1966 – Basutoland becomes independent from the United Kingdom and is renamed Lesotho.

1967 – Omar Ali Saifuddien III of Brunei abdicates in favour of his son, His Majesty Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah.

1974 – Founding of the New Democracy party in Greece.

1976 – Official launch of the InterCity 125 high speed train.

1983 – Richard Noble sets a new land speed record of 633.468 miles per hour (1,019.468 km/h), driving Thrust2 at the Black Rock Desert in Nevada.

1985 – The Free Software Foundation is founded in Massachusetts, United States.

1987 – First "Scab Sunday" after NFL football player’s strike. The players returned October 15th.

1988 – U.S. televangelist Jim Bakker is indicted for fraud.

1991 – The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty is opened for signature.

1992 – The Rome General Peace Accords ends a 16-year civil war in Mozambique.

1992 – El Al Flight 1862: An El Al Boeing 747-258F crashes into two apartment buildings in Amsterdam, killing 43 including 39 on the ground.

1993 – Russian Constitutional Crisis: In Moscow, tanks bombard the White House, a government building that housed the Russian parliament, while demonstrators against President Boris Yeltsin rally outside.

1997 – The second largest cash robbery in U.S. history occurs at the Charlotte, North Carolina office of Loomis, Fargo and Company. A Federal Bureau of Investigation investigation eventually results in 24 convictions and the recovery of approximately 95% of the $17.3 million stolen cash.

2001 – NATO confirms invocation of Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty.

2001 – Siberia Airlines Flight 1812: A Sibir Airlines Tupolev Tu-154 crashes into the Black Sea after being struck by an errant Ukrainian S-200 missile. Seventy-eight people are killed.

2003 – Maxim restaurant suicide bombing in Haifa, Israel: Twenty-one Israelis, Jews and Arabs, are killed, and 51 others wounded.

2004 – SpaceShipOne wins Ansari X Prize for private spaceflight, by being the first private craft to fly into space.

2010 – The Ajka plant accident in western Hungary releases about a million cubic metres (35 million cubic feet) of liquid alumina sludge. Nine people are killed and 122 injured, and the Marcal and Danube rivers are severely contaminated.

Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

Francis, Confessor     Greater Double

Contemporary Western

Amun
Francis of Assisi
Saint Petronius of Bologna

Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran

Eastern Orthodox

October 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Hieromartyr Hierotheus of Athens, bishop (1st century)
St. Theodore the Wonderworker, bishop of Tamassos, Cyprus (2nd century)
Martyr Peter of Capetolis, bishop of Bostra in Arabia (4th century)
Martyrs Domnina and her daughters Berenice and Prosdoce of Syria (4th century)
Martyrs Adauctus and his daughter Callisthene of Ephesus (305, 313)
Saints Ammon and Paul the Simple of Egypt (350)
Martyrs Gaius, Faustus, Eusebius, and Chaeremon of Alexandria (3rd century)
Saint Vladimir Yaroslavich, prince of Novgorod, and his mother Saint Anna (1052)
Saint Helladius, Onesimus, and Ammon of the Kiev Caves Monastery (12th-13th centuries)
Saint Stephen Stiljianovitch, despot of Srem, Serbia (1540)
      and his wife, St. Helen (Elizabeth in monasticism) (c. 1543)
Saint John Lampadistus of Cyprus (10th century)
Blessed Elizabeth of Serbia
Sts. Jonah and Nectarius, monks of Kazan (16th century)
Hieromartyr Evdemoz I, catholicos of Georgia (1642)

Uncovering of the relics (1595) of Saints Gurias (1563), first archbishop of Kazan,
      and Barsanuphius, bishop of Tver (1576)
Repose of the righteous youth Peter Michurin of Kuznetsk (Siberia) (1820)

Coptic Orthodox

October 3 in history

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Events

52 BC – Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Julius Caesar, ending the siege and Battle of Alesia.

42 BC – First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight a decisive battle with Caesar's assassins Brutus and Cassius.

382 – Roman Emperor Theodosius I concludes a peace treaty with the Goths and settles them in the Balkans in exchange for military service.

1283 – Dafydd ap Gruffydd, prince of Gwynedd in Wales, is the first nobleman to be executed by hanging, drawing and quartering.

1574 – The Siege of Leiden is lifted by the Watergeuzen.

1683 – The Qing dynasty naval commander Shi Lang reaches Taiwan (under the Kingdom of Tungning) to receive the formal surrender of Zheng Keshuang and Liu Guoxuan after the Battle of Penghu.
1712 – The Duke of Montrose issues a warrant for the arrest of Rob Roy MacGregor.

1739 – The Treaty of Niš is signed by the Ottoman Empire and Russia at the end of the Russian–Turkish War, 1736–39.

1778 – Captain James Cook anchors in Alaska.

1789 – George Washington makes the first Thanksgiving Day designated by the national government of the United States of America.

1835 – The Staedtler company is founded in Nuremberg, Germany.

1849 – American author Edgar Allan Poe is found delirious in a gutter in Baltimore under mysterious circumstances; it is the last time he is seen in public before his death.

1863 – The last Thursday in November is declared as Thanksgiving Day by United States President Abraham Lincoln as are Thursdays, November 30, 1865 and November 29, 1866.

1872 – The Bloomingdale brothers open their first store at 938 Third Avenue, New York City.

1873 – Captain Jack and companions are hanged for their part in the Modoc War.

1900s - Victor Talking Machine Works
92 Jersey Joe Walott Bvd., Camden, NJ
from whatwasthere.com

1901: The Victor Talking Machine Company was incorporated. After a merger with Radio Corporation of America, the company became RCA-Victor.

1912 – U.S. forces defeat Nicaraguan rebels under the command of Benjamín Zeledón at the Battle of Coyotepe Hill.

1913 – The federal income tax is signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson. 

1918 – King Boris III of Bulgaria accedes to the throne.

1919 – Cincinnati Reds pitcher Adolfo Luque becomes the first Latin player to appear in a World Series.

1922:  Rebecca L. Felton, D-Ga., became the first woman to be appointed to the U.S. Senate. (She ended up serving only a day.)

1929 – The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes is renamed to Kingdom of Yugoslavia, "Land of the South Slavs".

1930 – The German Socialist Labour Party in Poland – Left is founded following a split in DSAP in Łódź.

1932:  Iraq became independent of British administration.

1935 – Second Italo-Abyssinian War: Italy invades Ethiopia under General de Bono.

1942 – Spaceflight: The first successful launch of a V-2 /A4-rocket from Test Stand VII at Peenemünde, Germany. It is the first man-made object to reach space.

1949 – WERD, the first black-owned radio station in the United States, opens in Atlanta.

1950 – Korean War: The First Battle of Maryang San, primarily pitting Australian and British forces against communist China, begins.

1952 – The United Kingdom successfully tests a nuclear weapon to become the world's third nuclear power.

1955:  “Captain Kangaroo” premiered on CBS-TV. Captain Kangaroo was an American children’s television series which aired weekday mornings on the American television network CBS for nearly 30 years, from October 3, 1955 until December 8, 1984, making it the longest-running nationally broadcast children’s television program of its day. In 1986, the American Program Service (now American Public Television, Boston) integrated some newly produced segments into reruns of past episodes, distributing the newer version of the series until 1993.

1957 – The California State Superior Court rules that Allen Ginsberg's Howl and Other Poems is not obscene.

1962 – Project Mercury: Sigma 7 is launched from Cape Canaveral, with astronaut Wally Schirra aboard, for a six-orbit, nine-hour flight.

1963 – A violent coup in Honduras pre-empts the October 13 election, ends a period of reform, and begins two decades of military rule.

1981 – The hunger strike by Provisional Irish Republican Army and Irish National Liberation Army prisoners at the Maze Prison near Belfast, Northern Ireland ends after seven months and ten deaths.

1985 – The Space Shuttle Atlantis makes its maiden flight. (Mission STS-51-J).

1986 – TASCC, a superconducting cyclotron at the Chalk River Laboratories, is officially opened.

1990 – German reunification: The German Democratic Republic ceases to exist and its territory becomes part of the Federal Republic of Germany. East German citizens became part of the European Community, which later became the European Union. Now celebrated as German Unity Day.

1993 – Battle of Mogadishu, popularly referred to as “Black Hawk Down”: A firefight occurs during a failed attempt to capture key officials of warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid's organization in Mogadishu, Somalia, costing the lives of 18 American soldiers, and over 350 Somalis.

1995 – O. J. Simpson is acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman.

2008 – The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 for the U.S. financial system is signed by President George W. Bush.

2009 – The presidents of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkey sign the Nakhchivan Agreement on the Establishment of Turkic Council.

2013 – At least 134 migrants are killed when their boat sinks near the Italian island of Lampedusa.

2013 – The Gambia withdraws from the Commonwealth of Nations.

Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

Thomas, Bishop of Hereford, Confessor     Double

Contemporary Western

Abd-al-Masih
Blessed Szilárd Bogdánffy
Émilie de Villeneuve
Ewald the Black and Ewald the Fair
Théodore Guérin

Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran

George Bell and John Raleigh Mott (Episcopal Church)

Eastern Orthodox

October 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Hieromartyr Dionysius of Athens, bishop,
      and with him martyrs Rusticus and Eleutherius (96)
Saint John the Chozebite, Bishop of Palestine (6th century)
Blessed Hesychius the Silent (6th century)
Saint Dionysius of the Kiev Caves, recluse (15th century)
Russian New martyr Agathangel, Metropolitan of Yaroslavl (1928)
Martyr Theoctistus
Martyr Theagenes

Repose of Elder Ieronymos the Cappadocian of Aegina (Ieronymos of Aegina) (1966)

Coptic Orthodox

October 2 in history

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Births, Weddings, & Deaths

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Events

829 – Theophilos succeeds his father as Byzantine Emperor.

1187 – Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule.

1263 – The battle of Largs is fought between Norwegians and Scots.

1470 – A rebellion organised by Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick forces King Edward IV of England to flee to the Netherlands, restoring Henry VI to the throne.

1535 – Jacques Cartier discovers the area where Montreal is now located.

1552 – Conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible.

1780 – John André, British Army officer of the American Revolutionary War, is hanged as a spy by American forces.

1789 – George Washington sends proposed Constitutional amendments (The United States Bill of Rights) to the States for ratification.

1814 – Battle of Rancagua: Spanish Royalists troops under Mariano Osorio defeats rebel Chilean forces of Bernardo O'Higgins and José Miguel Carrera.

1835 – The Texas Revolution begins with the Battle of Gonzales: Mexican soldiers attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, Texas, but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.

1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Saltville – Union forces attack Saltville, Virginia, but are defeated by Confederate troops.

1889 – In Colorado, Nicholas Creede strikes it rich in silver during the last great silver boom of the American Old West.

1895 – The first cartoon comic strip is printed in a newspaper.

1919 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson suffers a massive stroke, leaving him partially paralyzed.

1925 – John Logie Baird performs the first test of a working television system.

1928 – The "Prelature of the Holy Cross and the Work of God", commonly known as Opus Dei, is founded by Saint Josemaría Escrivá.

1937 – Dominican Republic strongman Rafael Trujillo orders the execution of the Haitian population living within the borderlands; approximately 20,000 are killed over the next five days.

1941 – World War II: In Operation Typhoon, Germany begins an all-out offensive against Moscow.

1942 – World War II: Ocean Liner RMS Queen Mary accidentally rams and sinks her own escort ship, HMS Curacoa, off the coast of Ireland.

1944 – World War II: German troops end the Warsaw Uprising.

1950 – Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz is first published.

1958 – Guinea declares its independence from France.

1959 – The anthology series The Twilight Zone premieres on CBS television.

1967 – Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as the first African-American justice of United States Supreme Court.

1968 – A peaceful student demonstration in Mexico City culminates in the Tlatelolco massacre by the order of the president, Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, to the soldiers of killing unarmed students, hiding the event from the public eye. The 1968 Summer Olympics, hosted in Mexico City, started ten days after the massacre.

1970 – A plane carrying the Wichita State University football team, administrators, and supporters crashes in Colorado killing 31 people.

1979 – Pope John Paul II denounces all forms of concentration camps and torture while speaking at the U.N. in New York City.

1980 – Michael Myers becomes the first member of either chamber of Congress to be expelled since the Civil War.

1990 – Xiamen Airlines Flight 8301 is hijacked and lands at Guangzhou, where it crashes into two other airliners on the ground, killing 128.

1992 – The Carandiru massacre takes place after a riot in the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil.

1996 – The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.

1996 – Aeroperú Flight 603, a Boeing 757, crashes into the Pacific Ocean shortly after takeoff from Lima, Peru, killing 70.

1997 – Amsterdam Treaty on European Union is signed.

2001 – NATO backs U.S. military strikes following 9/11.

2002 – The Beltway sniper attacks begin, extending over three weeks.

2005 – Ethan Allen boating accident: The Ethan Allen tour boat capsizes on Lake George in Upstate New York, killing twenty.

2006 – Five school girls are murdered by Charles Carl Roberts in a shooting at an Amish school in Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania before Roberts commits suicide.

2007 – President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea walks across the Military Demarcation Line into North Korea on his way to the second Inter-Korean Summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong-il.

Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

The Guardian Angels     Greater Double

Contemporary Western

Blessed Bartolomé Blanco
Feast of the Guardian Angels
Leodegar

Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran

Eastern Orthodox

October 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Hieromartyr Cyprian, virgin-martyr Justina, and Theoctistus of Nicomedia (268-304)
Blessed Andrew, Fool-for-Christ, at Constantinople (936)
Repose of Blessed Great Princess Anna of Kashin (1338)
Blessed Cyprian of Suzdal, Fool-for-Christ and Wonderworker (1622)
Saint Cassian of Uglich, monk (1504)
Martyrs David and Constantine, princes of Argveti, Georgia (730)
Martyr George of Philadelphia in Asia Minor, from Mount Athos (1749)
Saint Damaris of Athens (1st century)
Saint Theophilus the Confessor
Great-martyr Theodore Gavra of Atran in Chaldea (1180)
Righteous Admiral Theodore Ushakov of the Russian Naval Fleet (1817)

Repose of Hiero-schemamonk Theodosius of Karoulia at Mount Athos (1937)
New Martyr Monk-Soldier Roman (1971-1994) (Martyred in Bosnia on October 2, 1994)

Coptic Orthodox