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9 – Arminius' alliance of six Germanic tribes ambushes and annihilates three Roman legions of Publius Quinctilius Varus in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest.
337 – Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constans succeed their father Constantine I as co-emperors. The Roman Empire is divided between the three Augusti.
533 – A Byzantine army of 15,000 men under Belisarius lands at Caput Vada (modern Tunisia) and marches to Carthage.
1000 – Battle of Svolder, Viking Age.
1087 – William Rufus becomes King of England, taking the title William II, (reigned until 1100).
1141 – Yelü Dashi, the Liao dynasty general who founded the Qara-Khitai, defeats the Seljuq and Kara-Khanid forces at the Battle of Qatwan.
1379 – Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Habsburg lands between the Habsburg dukes Albert III and Leopold III.
1488 – Anne becomes sovereign Duchess of Brittany, becoming a central figure in the struggle for influence that leads to the union of Brittany and France.
1493 – Battle of Krbava Field, a decisive defeat of Croats in Croatian struggle against the invasion by the Ottoman Empire.
1513 – James IV of Scotland is defeated and dies in the Battle of Flodden, ending Scotland's involvement in the War of the League of Cambrai.
1543 – Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is crowned "Queen of Scots" in the central Scottish town of Stirling.
1561 – The ultimately unsuccessful Colloquy at Poissy opens in an effort to reconcile French Catholics and Protestants.
1739 – Stono Rebellion, the largest slave uprising in Britain's mainland North American colonies prior to the American Revolution, erupts near Charleston, South Carolina.
1776 – The second Continental Congress officially renames its new union of sovereign states from the United Colonies to the United States of America.
1801 – Alexander I of Russia confirms the privileges of Baltic provinces.
1839 – John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph.
1850 – California is admitted as the thirty-first U.S. state.
1850 – The Compromise of 1850 transfers a third of Texas's claimed territory (now parts of Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Wyoming) to federal control in return for the U.S. federal government assuming $10 million of Texas's pre-annexation debt.
1855 – Crimean War: The Siege of Sevastopol comes to an end when Russian forces abandon the city.
1863 – American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.
1886 – The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works is finalized.
1908 – Aviator Orville Wright makes the first one-hour airplane flight in Fort Myer, Virginia.
1914 – World War I: The creation of the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade, the first fully mechanized unit in the British Army.
1922 – The Greco-Turkish War effectively ends with Turkish victory over the Greeks in Smyrna.
1923 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, founds the Republican People's Party.
1924 – Hanapepe massacre occurs on Kauai, Hawaii.
1926 – In the United States the National Broadcasting Company is formed.
1936 – The crews of Portuguese Navy frigate NRP Afonso de Albuquerque and destroyer Dão mutinied against Salazar dictatorship's support of General Franco's coup and declared their solidarity with the Spanish Republic.
1939 – World War II: The Battle of Hel begins, the longest-defended pocket of Polish Army resistance during the German invasion of Poland.
1939 – Burmese national hero U Ottama dies in prison after a hunger strike to protest Britain's colonial government.
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| 1929 - Fox Theater 3714 Market Street, Riverside, CA from whatwasthere.com |
1940 – George Stibitz pioneers the first remote operation of a computer.
1940 – Treznea massacre: The Hungarian Army, supported by local Hungarians kill 93 Romanian civilians in Treznea, a village in Northern Transylvania, as part of attempts to ethnic cleansing.
1942 – World War II: A Japanese floatplane drops incendiary bombs on Oregon, the first and only time mainland United States was attacked during the war.
1943 – World War II: The Allies land at Salerno and Taranto, Italy.
1944 – World War II: The Fatherland Front takes power in Bulgaria through a military coup in the capital and armed rebellion in the country. A new pro-Soviet government is established.
1945 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Empire of Japan formally surrenders to China.
1947 – First case of a computer bug being found: a moth lodges in a relay of a Harvard Mark II computer at Harvard University.
1948 – Kim Il-sung declares the establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
1956 – Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show for the first time.
1965 – The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development is established.
1965 – Hurricane Betsy makes its second landfall near New Orleans, leaving 76 dead and $1.42 billion ($10–12 billion in 2005 dollars) in damages, becoming the first hurricane to cause over $1 billion in unadjusted damage.
1966 – The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act is signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson.
1969 – Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 DC-9 collides in flight with a Piper PA-28 and crashes near Fairland, Indiana.
1969 – In Canada, the Official Languages Act comes into force, making French equal to English throughout the Federal government.
1970 – A British airliner is hijacked by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and flown to Dawson's Field in Jordan.
1971 – The four-day Attica Prison riot begins, eventually resulting in 39 dead, most killed by state troopers retaking the prison.
1972 – In Kentucky's Mammoth Cave National Park, a Cave Research Foundation exploration and mapping team discovers a link between the Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems, making it the longest known cave passageway in the world.
1990 – 1990 Batticaloa massacre, massacre of 184 minority Tamil civilians by Sri Lankan Army in the eastern Batticaloa District of Sri Lanka.
1991 – Tajikistan declares independence from the Soviet Union.
1993 – The Palestine Liberation Organization officially recognizes Israel as a legitimate state.
1999 – Sega releases the first 128-bit video game console, the Dreamcast.
2001 – Ahmad Shah Massoud, leader of the Northern Alliance, is assassinated in Afghanistan by two al-Qaeda assassins who claimed to be Arab journalists wanting an interview.
2001 – Pärnu methanol tragedy occurs in Pärnu County, Estonia.
2001 – The Unix billenium is reached, marking the beginning of the use of 10-digit decimal Unix time stamps.
2009 – The Dubai Metro, the first urban train network in the Arabian Peninsula, is ceremonially inaugurated.
2012 – The Indian space agency puts into orbit its heaviest foreign satellite yet, in a streak of 21 consecutive successful PLSV launches.
2012 – A wave of attacks kill more than 100 people and injure 350 others across Iraq.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Within the Octave of the Birth of the Blessed Virgin
Commemoration of St Gorgonius, Martyr
Commemoration of St Gorgonius, Martyr
Contemporary Western
Ciarán of Clonmacnoise
Our Lady of Arantzazu (Oñati)
Peter Claver
Our Lady of Arantzazu (Oñati)
Peter Claver
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Charles Lowder (Church of England)
Constance, Nun, and her Companions (Episcopal Church)
Constance, Nun, and her Companions (Episcopal Church)
Eastern Orthodox
Holy and Righteous Ancestors of God Saint Joachim and Saint Anne (parents of Mary the Mother of God)
Martyr Severian of Sebaste (320)
Venerable Joseph, abbot of Volokolamsk (1515)
Saint Theodosius, Archbishop of Chernigov
Martyr Chariton
Martyr Straton
Saint Theophanes the Confessor and Faster of Mt. Diabenos (300)
Blessed Nicetas the Hidden of Constantinople (12th century)
Venerable Joachim, abbot of Opochka Monastery in Pskov (17th century)
Afterfeast of the Nativity of the Theotokos
Commemoration of the Third Ecumenical Council (431)
Uncovering of the relics of Saint Theodosius, Archbishop of Chernigov (1896)
Repose of Elder Joachim of St. Anne's Skete on Mount Athos (1950)
Martyr Severian of Sebaste (320)
Venerable Joseph, abbot of Volokolamsk (1515)
Saint Theodosius, Archbishop of Chernigov
Martyr Chariton
Martyr Straton
Saint Theophanes the Confessor and Faster of Mt. Diabenos (300)
Blessed Nicetas the Hidden of Constantinople (12th century)
Venerable Joachim, abbot of Opochka Monastery in Pskov (17th century)
Afterfeast of the Nativity of the Theotokos
Commemoration of the Third Ecumenical Council (431)
Uncovering of the relics of Saint Theodosius, Archbishop of Chernigov (1896)
Repose of Elder Joachim of St. Anne's Skete on Mount Athos (1950)
Coptic Orthodox
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