Thursday, September 26, 2013

September 26 in history


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SEP 25      INDEX      SEP 27


Events


46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to his mythical ancestor Venus Genetrix in accordance with a vow he made at the battle of Pharsalus.

715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne.

1087 – William II is crowned King of England, and reigns until 1100.

1212 – Golden Bull of Sicily is issued to confirm the hereditary royal title in Bohemia for the Přemyslid dynasty.

1345 – Friso-Hollandic Wars: Frisians defeat Holland in the Battle of Warns.

1371 – Serbian–Turkish wars: The forces of the Ottoman sultan Murad I's lieutenant Lala Şahin Pasha and the Serbian army under the command of Vukašin Mrnjavčević and Jovan Uglješa clash at the Battle of Maritsa.

1396 Ottoman Sultan Bajezid I beheads hundreds of crusaders after the Battle of Nicopolis

1404 Brussels Brabants/Limburgse audit-office established

1493 – Pope Alexander VI issues the papal bull Dudum siquidem to the Catholic Monarchs, extending the grant of new lands he made them in Inter caetera.

1580 – Sir Francis Drake finishes his circumnavigation of the Earth.

1629 Sweden & Poland signs Peace of Altmark

1655 Peter Stuyvesant recaptures Dutch Ft Casimir from Swedish in Delaware

1665 Height of the Great Plague of London as 7,165 people die throughout the previous week

1680 Tax revolt in Gorinchem due to tax on cereal

1687 – The Parthenon in Athens is partially destroyed by an explosion caused by the bombing from Venetian forces led by Morosini who are besieging the Ottoman Turks stationed in Athens.

1687 – The city council of Amsterdam votes to support William of Orange's invasion of England, which became the Glorious Revolution.

1733 France, Spain & Sardinia sign anti-German covenant

1738 Scottish philosopher David Hume enters into a contract to publish the first two volumes of his seminal work "A Treatise of Human Nature" with John Noon in London

1771 Denis Diderot's "Le Fils Naturel" premieres in Paris

1772 New Jersey passes bill requiring a license to practise medicine

1777 – American Revolution: British General William Howe occupie Philadelphia.

1783 Fayette County, Pennsylvania created

1786 Britain & France sign trade agreement

1789 – Thomas Jefferson is appointed the first United States Secretary of State, John Jay the first Chief Justice of the United States, Samuel Osgood the first United States Postmaster General, and Edmund Randolph the first United States Attorney General.

1792 – Marc-David Lasource begins accusing Maximilien Robespierre of wanting a dictatorship for France.

1810 – A new Act of Succession is adopted by the Riksdag of the Estates and Jean Baptiste Bernadotte becomes heir to the Swedish throne.

1815 Russia, Prussia and Austria sign the Holy Alliance

1824 Kapiolani defies Pele (Hawaiian volcano goddess) & lives

1831 Robert Montgomery Bird's play "The Gladiator" premieres in NYC

1835 Gaetano Donizetti's opera "Lucia di Lammermoor" premieres at the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (now Italy)

1861 British Open Men's Golf, Prestwick GC: Tom Morris Sr. beats Willie Park Sr. by 4 strokes

1867 British Open Men's Golf, Prestwick GC: Tom Morris Sr. wins 4th title; beats rival Willie Park Sr. by 2 strokes; at 46, Morris remains oldest Open champion

1872 – The first Shriners Temple (called Mecca) is established in New York City.

1884 Suriname army shoots on British-Indian contract workers, 7 killed

1887 Emile Berliner patents the Gramophone

1890 US stops minting $1 & $3 gold coin & 3 cent piece

1892 – John Philip Sousa’s band makes its first public appearance at Stillman Music Hall in Plainfield, New Jersey.

1895 Italian general Oreste Baratieri lands in Massawa, Eritrea

1898 Victor Herbert and Harry Smith's operetta "The Fortune Teller" premieres at Wallack's Theater, New York City

1901 Boer General Botha fails to capture Fort Itala in Natal

1901 Great Britain annexes the Ashanti Kingdom and places it under the governor of the Gold Coast (Ghana)

1904 Charles Kleins "Music Master" premieres in NYC

1904 Earl Grey is named British governor-general of Canada

1904 GB Shaw's "How He Lied to Her Husband" premieres in NYC

1907 – New Zealand and Newfoundland each become dominions within the British Empire.

1910 – Indian journalist Swadeshabhimani Ramakrishna Pillai is arrested after publishing criticism of the government of Travancore and exiled.

1914 – The United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is established by the Federal Trade Commission Act.

1914 Germans arrest A Max, mayor of Brussels

1916 Bishop speak against Catholics in trade unions

1917 British assault on Menin-street, France

1917 – World War I: The Battle of Polygon Wood begins.

1918 – World War I: The Meuse-Argonne Offensive, the bloodiest single battle in American history, begins.

1923 – Gustav Stresemann government ends resistance against occupiers in Ruhrgebied and resumes the Weimar Republic's payment of reparations.

1923 The Commonwealth Conference is held in London, where Britain recognizes the right of the Dominions to make treaties with foreign powers

1925 Italian sub "Sebastiano Veniero" lost off Sicily with 54 dead

1926 JB Fagan's stage drama "And So to Bed", based on the life of Samuel Pepys, premieres in London

1927 St James Theater (Erlanger) opens at 246 W 44th St, NYC

1929 John Schrober becomes chancellor of Austria

1933 Sidney Kingsley's "Men in White" premieres in NYC

1933 – As gangster Machine Gun Kelly surrenders to the FBI, he shouts out, "Don’t shoot, G-Men!", which becomes a nickname for FBI agents.

1933 – Ten convicts escape from the Indiana State Prison with guns smuggled into the prison by bank robber John Dillinger.

1934 – British ocean liner RMS Queen Mary is launched; "wins" Blue Riband for fastest passenger crossing of Atlantic, 1936 & 1938-52; retired in 1967, permanently moored and converted to a hotel in Long Beach, California

1938 Adolf Hitler issues ultimatum to Czech government, demanding Sudenten Land

1939 German seaplane shoots KLM-aircraft (1 killed)

1940 Japanese troops attack French Indo-China

1940 Luftwaffe bombs Spitfire factory in Woolston, Southampton for second time, 30 killed

1942 – The Holocaust: August Frank, a higher official of the SS concentration camp administration department, issues a memorandum containing a great deal of operational detail in how Jews should be "evacuated".

1943 – Henri Fertet was executed by the Nazis. The 16-year-old French schoolboy became a symbol of the French Resistance.

1944 – World War II: Operation Market Garden: Battle of Arnhem ends in Allied failure as German forces link up on both sides of the Lower Rhine river and mop up last British resistance

1944 Soviet forces occupy Estonia

1944 – World War II: On the central front of the Gothic Line Brazilian troops control the Serchio valley region after ten days of fighting.

1945 – All old Dutch banknotes declared invalid

1945 – The first American soldier was killed in Vietnam. Lieutenant Colonel Peter Dewey, a member of the Office of Strategic Services, was in Vietnam to report on the situation following the end of World War II.

1949 Groundbreaking ceremony for the Hollywood sign in Hollywood, Los Angeles; old Hollywoodland sign torn down, reconstruction of a replacement begins with just Hollywood

1950 – United Nations troops recapture Seoul from North Korean forces.

1950 – Indonesia is admitted to the United Nations.

1950 Because of forest fire in Br Columbia, blue moon appears in England

1951 Prof Youngblood demonstrates artificial heart in Paris

1953 Polish government fires/imprisons Cardinal Wyszynski

1953 US & Spain sign defense treaty (4 US bases in Spain)

1954 – Japanese rail ferry Tōya Maru sinks during a typhoon in the Tsugaru Strait, Japan killing 1,172.

1955 NY Stock Exchange worst price decline since 1929

1957: Leornard Bernstein, Stephen Sondheim and Jerome Robbins' musical "West Side Story" premieres at the Winter Garden Theater, NYC; runs for 732 performances, wins 2 Tony Awards.  whatwasthere.com

1957 Dag Hammarskjöld re-elected secretary-general of UN

1957 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR

1959 Typhoon Vera, hits Japanese island of Honshu, causing the deaths of 4,580 people with 658 missing

1960 – A Presidential debate was shown on television for the first time ever. The debate was between Richard M. Nixon and John F. Kennedy, and it was held in Chicago, Illinois in a sound studio, the first debate out of four.

1960 Cuban leader Fidel Castro delivers a 4 hour and 29 minute long speech at the United Nations

1961 "From the Second City" opens at Royale Theater NYC for 87 performances

1962 TV comedy series "Beverly Hillbillies" premieres on CBS

1962 Yemen Arab Republic proclaimed (National Day)

1963 1st edition of NYC Review of Books

1963 Lee Harvey Oswald travels on Continental Trailways bus to Mexico City, Mexico

1964 – CBS debuts the sitcom "Gilligan's Island" starring Bob Denver as Gilligan.

1966 "Staten Island" 1st icebreaker to enter San Francisco Bay

1967 Dmitri Shostakovich's 2nd Violin concert premieres in Moscow

1968 "Oliver!" directed by Carol Reed and starring Mark Lester and Ron Moody premieres in London (Best Picture 1969)

1968 1st broadcast of "Hawaii Five-O" on CBS-TV

1968 Marcelo Caetano elected premier of Portugal
 
1968 Theatre censorship ends in Britain

1969 Apple Records releases The Beatles 11th studio album "Abbey Road", their final recordings as a quartet; tops the charts in 11 countries

1969 Bolivia military coup under general Ovando Candia

1969 TV sitcom "The Brady Bunch" created by Sherwood Schwartz premieres on ABC in the US

1969 USSR performs underground nuclear test

1970 Groups of Protestant youth attack the Catholic Unity Flats as rioting continues in the Protestant Shankill Road area

1970 The Laguna Fire starts in San Diego County, California, burning 175,425 acres (710 km²).

1971 MP David Bleakley resigns in protest over the introduction of Internment and the lack of any new political initiatives by the Northern Ireland government

1972 American Museum of Immigration dedicated

1972 Norway rejects membership in European Common Market

1973 Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic (Washington, D.C. to Paris) in record-breaking time (3h33m).

1973 Turkey's state of siege ends (after 2½ years)

1974 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

1976 China performs nuclear test at Lop Nor, PRC

1977 Sir Freddie Laker begins cut-rate "Skytrain" service, London to NY

1978 NY District Court Judge Constance Baker Motley rules that women sportswriters cannot be banned from locker rooms

1978 RR clerks go on strike, halting more than 2/3s of rail service

1979 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

1980 Bomb attack on Octoberfest in Munich, 12 killed

1980 Cuban government closes Mariel Harbor ending "freedom flotilla"

1980 Soyuz 38 returns to Earth

1981 USSR performs underground nuclear test

1982 "Doll's Life" closes at Mark Hellinger Theater NYC after 5 performances

1982 "Knight Rider", starring David Hasselhoff, debuts on NBC

1983 Cosmonauts Titov & Strekalov are saved from exploding Soyuz T-10

1983 Lebanon premier Chafiq Wazzan offers to resigns

1983 Soviet military officer Lt. Col. Stanislav Petrov averts a worldwide nuclear war by judging supposed missile attack from the US an error

1984 Berlin appeals court clears Paul McCartney in a paternity suit

1984 Britain & China initial agreement return Hong Kong to China in 1997

1984 Dutch Queen Beatrice opens University

1984 President Reagan vetoes sanctions against South Africa

1985 Tunisia drops diplomatic relations with Libya

1986 Antonin Scalia, sworn in as US Supreme Court Justice

1986 Bobby (Patrick Duffy) returns to TV show "Dallas", his death is attributed to his wife Pam's bad dream (erases all of last season)

1986 William Hubbs Rehnquist, sworn in as Chief Justice of Supreme Court

1988 NYC's Rockefeller Center declared a national landmark

1988 Polish communist party picks propaganda chief Rakowski as new PM

1988 US space shuttle STS-26 launched

1989 Last Vietnamese soldiers leave Cambodia

1989 Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze calls for total destruction of Soviet & US chemical weapons

1990 Motion Picture Association of America creates new NC-17 rating

1991 2 year experimental Biosphere 2 in Oracle Arizona begins

1992 Nigerian Air Force Hercules C-130 crashes three minutes after take-off from Lagos, Nigeria, killing 163

1992 Roseanne Barr Arnold gets a star on Hollywood's Walk of Fame

1992 Tsuruhiko Kiuchi rediscovers Comet Swift-Tuttle, the first time it has been spotted since 1862

1994 Estonia government of Prime Minister Mart Laar was defeated by no-confidence vote

1994 Switzerland bans racist propaganda

1995 "George" magazine premieres, published by John F. Kennedy Jr

1996 Space Shuttle STS 79 (Atlantis 17), lands

1997 An earthquake strikes the Italian regions of Umbria and the Marche, causing part of the Basilica of St. Francis at Assisi to collapse

2000 M/S Express Samina sinks off Paros in the Agean sea killing 80 passengers.

2002 Overcrowded Senegalese ferry MV Joola capsizes off the coast of Gambia killing more than 1,000

2006 Martin Scorsese's "The Departed", starring Leonardo DiCaprio, Matt Damon, and Mark Wahlberg, premieres in New York City (Best Picture 2007)

2007 Shinzō Abe formally ends his first term as Prime Minister of Japan

2008 Swiss pilot and inventor Yves Rossy becomes first person to fly a jet engine-powered wing across the English Channel.

2009 Typhoon Ketsana (2009) hit the Philippines, China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos and Thailand, causing 700 fatalities.

2010 TV Period drama "Downton Abbey" premieres in the UK created by Julian Fellowes, starring Hugh Bonnevillle and an ensemble cast

2012 Greek trade unions call a general strike to protest austerity measures

2012 Japanese automakers suspend operations in China

2012 Syrian army massacres 40 civilians in Thiabieh, Damascus

2014 43 students from Ayotzinapa Teachers College go missing (and presumed murdered) in Iguala on their way to a protest - one of Mexico's worst human rights cases

2014 World Health Organizations estimates that Ebola death toll has reached 3,091 - with Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone hit hardest

2016 First US Presidential debate: Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton vs Republican Donald Trump at Hofstra University

2017 Fights break out in Uganda's parliament during debate to raise presidential age limit

2017 Saudi Arabia announces it is overturning its ban on women driving - last country in the world to do so

2017 The video game Fortnite: Battle Royale is released, eventually becoming one of the most popular games worldwide

2017 World's second-largest gem-quality diamond, the "Lesedi La Rona", sells for $53m

2019 Abortion is decriminalized in New South Wales, the last remaining Australian state to do so

2019 US Income inequality widest for over 50 years, worst in California, Connecticut, Florida, Louisiana and New York, according to new census figures

2019 WHO announces 800,000 children in DR Congo will be vaccinated in nine days in worlds's largest measles epidemic that has taken over 3,500 lives

2020 108 pilot whales survive, while 350 die in Australia's largest mass stranding at Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania

2020 President Donald Trump nominates Judge Amy Coney Barrett for the US Supreme Court to replace Ruth Bader Ginsburg

2021 German election: centre-left Social Democrats win most seats but not a majority over ruling conservative Christian Democratic Union without its retiring Chancellor Angela Merkel

2021 Switzerland votes to legalize same-sex marriage in nationwide referendum

2022 Edward Snowden , former US intelligence contractor who exposed NSA surveillance program granted Russian citizenship by Vladimir Putin

2022 Gunman opens fire on a school in Izhevsk, central Russia, killing 15 people including 11 children and injuring 24

2022 NASA's DART mission successfully crashes into the Dimorphos asteroid in the first planetary defense test



Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury, Confessor     Double
Commemoration of SS. Cyprian and Justina, Martyrs


Contemporary Western

Cosmas and Damian
John of Meda
Nilus the Younger


Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran

Lancelot Andrewes (commemoration, Anglicanism)
Wilson Carlile (Anglican)


Eastern Orthodox

September 26 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Repose of the Holy Apostle and Evangelist John the Theologian
      (presumed author of the Gospel of John, 1, 2 and 3 John, and the Book of Revelation)
Righteous Gideon, Judge of Israel (1307 BC)
Saint Ephraim, abbot of Perekop, wonderworker of Novgorod (1492)
Saint Nilus of Rossano (Calabria) (1004)
Martyr Cyra

Glorification (1989) of New Hiero-confessor Tikhon;
      patriarch of Moscow and all Russia (1925)


Coptic Orthodox






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