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Events
1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona and Douce I, Countess of Provence marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.
1377 – More than 2,000 people of the Italian city of Cesena are killed by the Condottieri (papal armed forces) in the "Cesena Bloodbath".
1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire.
1488 – Bartolomeu Dias of Portugal lands in Mossel Bay after rounding the Cape of Good Hope, becoming the first known European to travel so far south.
1509 – The Portuguese navy defeats a joint fleet of the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Venice, the Sultan of Gujarat, the Mamlûk Burji Sultanate of Egypt, the Zamorin of Calicut, and the Republic of Ragusa at the Battle of Diu in Diu, India.
1534 – Irish rebel Silken Thomas (Thomas FitzGerald, 10th Earl of Kildare) is executed by the order of Henry VIII in London, England.
1637 – Tulip mania collapses in the United Provinces (now the Netherlands) as sellers could no longer find buyers for their bulb contracts.
1690 – The colony of Massachusetts issues the first paper money in the Americas.
1706 – During the Battle of Fraustadt Swedish forces defeat a superior Saxon-Polish-Russian force by deploying a double envelopment.
1781 – American Revolutionary War: British forces seize the Dutch-owned Caribbean island Sint Eustatius.
1783 – American Revolutionary War: Spain recognizes United States independence.
1787 – Militia led by General Benjamin Lincoln crush the remnants of Shays' Rebellion in Petersham, Massachusetts.
1807 – A British military force, under Brigadier-General Sir Samuel Auchmuty captures the Spanish Empire city of Montevideo, now the capital of Uruguay.
1809 – The Territory of Illinois is created by the 10th United States Congress.
1813 – José de San Martín defeats a Spanish royalist army at the Battle of San Lorenzo, part of the Argentine War of Independence.
1825 – Vendsyssel-Thy, once part of the Jutland peninsula that formed westernmost Denmark, becomes an island after a flood drowns its 1 km wide isthmus.
1830 – The London Protocol of 1830 establishes the full independence and sovereignty of Greece from the Ottoman Empire as the final result of the Greek War of Independence.
1834 – Wake Forest University is established.
1836 – The Whig Party held its first national convention in Albany, NY.
1852 – Justo José de Urquiza defeats Juan Manuel de Rosas at the Battle of Caseros.
1870 – The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to citizens regardless of race.
1876 – Businessman Albert Spalding invested $800 to start a sporting goods company. Spalding manufactured the first official baseball, football, tennis ball, basketball, golf ball.
1897 – The Greco-Turkish War breaks out.
1900 – Governor of Kentucky William Goebel dies of wound sustained in an assassination attempt three days earlier in Frankfort, Kentucky.
1908 – The Panathinaikos athletic club is created.
1913 – The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect an income tax.
1916 – The Centre Block of the Parliament buildings in Ottawa, Canada burns down with the loss of 7 lives.
1917 – World War I: The United States breaks off diplomatic relations with Germany a day after the latter announced a new policy of unrestricted submarine warfare.
1918 – The Twin Peaks Tunnel in San Francisco, California begins service as the longest streetcar tunnel in the world at 11,920 feet (3,633 meters) long.
1930 – Communist Party of Vietnam is founded at a "Unification Conference" held in Kowloon, British Hong Kong.
1931 – The Hawke's Bay earthquake, New Zealand's worst natural disaster, kills 258.
1933 – Adolf Hitler announces that the expansion of Lebensraum into Eastern Europe, and its ruthless Germanisation, are the ultimate geopolitical objectives of Third Reich foreign policy.
1943 – The SS Dorchester is sunk by a German U-boat. Only 230 of 902 men aboard survive. The Chapel of the Four Chaplains, dedicated by President Harry Truman, is one of many memorials established to commemorate the Four Chaplains story.
1944 – World War II: During the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, U.S. Army and Marine forces seize Kwajalein Atoll from the defending Japanese garrison.
1944: A treaty with Mexico involving the Colorado, Rio Grande, and Tiajuana Rivers was signed. This treaty distributed the water in the international segment of the Rio Grande from Fort Quitman, Texas to the Gulf of Mexico. This treaty also authorized the two countries to construct, operate and maintain dams on the main channel of the Rio Grande.
1945 – World War II: As part of Operation Thunderclap, 1,000 B-17s of the Eighth Air Force bomb Berlin, a raid which kills between 2,500 to 3,000 and dehouses another 120,000.
1945 – World War II: The United States and the Philippine Commonwealth begin a month-long battle to retake Manila from Japan.
1947 – The lowest temperature in North America, −63.9 °C (−83.0 °F), is recorded in Snag, Yukon.
1957 – Senegalese political party Democratic Rally merges into the Senegalese Party of Socialist Action (PSAS).
1958 – Founding of the Benelux Economic Union, creating a testing ground for a later European Economic Community.
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1960 – British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan speaks of "a wind of change", an increasing national consciousness blowing through colonial Africa, signalling that his Government is likely to support decolonisation.
1961 – The United States Air Forces begins Operation Looking Glass, and over the next 30 years, a "Doomsday Plane" is always in the air, with the capability of taking direct control of the United States' bombers and missiles in the event of the destruction of the SAC's command post.
1966 – The unmanned Soviet Luna 9 spacecraft makes the first controlled rocket-assisted landing on the Moon.
1967 – Ronald Ryan, the last person to be executed in Australia, is hanged in Pentridge Prison, Melbourne.
1969 – In Cairo, Yasser Arafat is appointed Palestine Liberation Organization leader at the Palestinian National Congress.
1971 – New York Police Officer Frank Serpico is shot during a drug bust in Brooklyn and survives to later testify against police corruption. Many believe the incident proves that NYPD officers tried to kill him.
1972 – The seven-day 1972 Iran blizzard begins. With nearly 10 feet of snow, the natural disaster resulted in the deaths of at least 4,000 people, making it the deadliest snowstorm in history.
1984 – John Buster and the research team at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center announce history's first embryo transfer, from one woman to another resulting in a live birth.
1984 – Space Shuttle program: STS-41-B is launched using Space Shuttle Challenger.
1989 – After a stroke two weeks previously, South African President P. W. Botha resigns as leader of the National Party, but stays on as president for six more months.
1989 – A military coup overthrows Alfredo Stroessner, dictator of Paraguay since 1954.
1995 – Astronaut Eileen Collins becomes the first woman to pilot the Space Shuttle as mission STS-63 gets underway from Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
1998 – Karla Faye Tucker is executed in Texas, becoming the first woman executed in the United States since 1984.
1998 – Cavalese cable car disaster: a United States military pilot causes the death of 20 people when his low-flying plane cuts the cable of a cable-car near Trento, Italy.
2007 – A Baghdad market bombing kills at least 135 people and injures a further 339.
2014 – Two people are shot and killed and 29 students are taken hostage at a high school in Moscow, Russia.
2015 – A collision between a commuter train and a passenger vehicle kills six in Valhalla, New York.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Laurence, Archbishop of Canterbury, Confessor. Double.
Commemoration of Blase, Bishop of Sebaste in Armenia, Martyr.
Contemporary Western
Ansgar
Berlinda of Meerbeke
Blaise
Celsa and Nona
Claudine Thévenet
Dom Justo Takayama (Philippines and Japan)
Hadelin
Margaret of England
Werburgh
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
February 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Feasts
Afterfeast of the Meeting of Our Lord
Saints
Prophet Azariah (10th century B.C.)
Holy and Righteous Symeon the God-receiver and Anna the Prophetess (1st c.)
Martyrs Papias, Diodorus, and Claudianus, at Perge in Pamphylia (250)
Martyr Blaise of Caesarea in Cappadocia (3rd c.)
Martyrs Paul and Simon, by the sword
Martyr Paul the Syrian (284-305)
Martyrs Adrian[15] and Eubulus, at Caesarea in Cappadocia (c. 308-309)
Venerable Claudius
Saint Laurence of Canterbury, the second Archbishop of Canterbury (619)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Saint Celerinus the Martyr (c.250)
Martyrs Laurentinus, Ignatius and Celerina, martyrs in North Africa (3rd c.)
Martyrs Felix, Symphronius (Sempronius), Hippolytus and Companions,
a group of martyrs in North Africa
Saints Tigides (4th c.) and Remedius (419), two bishops who succeeded
one another as Bishops of Gap in France
Virgin-martyr Ia of Cornwall (Hia, Ives), a Cornish evangelist and martyr (450)
Saints Lupicinus and Felix, Bishops of Lyons in France (5th century)
Saint Laurence the Illuminator (Lawrence of Spoleto), Bishop of Spoleto,
then founder of Farfa Abbey (576)
Saint Philip of Vienne, Bishop of Vienne in France (c. 578)
Saint Caellainn (Caoilfionn), a church in Roscommon in Ireland is dedicated to her
(6th c.?)
Saint Hadelin of Dinant, founder of the monastery of Chelles, in Belgium (690)
Saint Werburga of Chester, Abbess (c. 700)
Saint Berlinda of Meerbeke (Berlindis, Bellaude), a niece of St Amandus, she became
a nun at Moorsel near Alost in Belgium, and later an anchoress in Meerbeke (702)
Saint Werburgh, a widow who became a nun, probably at Bardney Abbey
in England, where she later became Abbess (c. 785)
Saint Deodatus, a monk at Lagny Abbey in France (8th c.)
Saint Ansgar of Hamburg, Bishop of Hamburg, Enlightener of Denmark
and Sweden, "Apostle of the North" (865)
Saint Anatolius, a bishop in Scotland, who went to Rome on pilgrimage and settled
as a hermit in Salins in the Jura in France (9th c.)
Saint Liafdag, Bishop in Jutland in Denmark, martyred by pagans (c. 980)
Saint Oliver of Ancona (Oliverius, Liberius), a monk at Santa Maria di Portonuovo
in Ancona in Italy (c. 1050)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Saint Svyatoslav-Gabriel and his son Saint Dimitry, of Yuriev (1253)
Saint Romanus of Uglich, Prince of Uglich (1285)
Saint Symeon of Tver, Bishop of Polotsk and Tver, first bishop there (1289)
Saint James (Jakov I), Archbishop of Serbia (1292)
Venerable Sabbas of Ioannina (15th c.)
Saint Ignatius of Mariupol in the Crimea, Metropolitan of Gothia and Kafa (1786)
New Martyrs Stamatius and John, brothers, and their companion Nicholas,
of Spetses, at Chios (1822)
Saint Nicholas of Japan, Equal-to-the-Apostles, Enlightener of Japan (1912)
New Martyrs and Confessors
New Hieromartyr Vladimir (Zagreba), Hieromonk of Borisoglebsk Monastery,
Novotorzhok (1938)
New Hieromartyrs John Tomilov, Timothy Izotov, Adrian Troitsky,
Basil Zalessky, Priests (1938)
Martyrs Vladimir, Michael Agayev (1938)
Other commemorations
Icons of the Theotokos 'Softener of Hardened Hearts' and 'Simeon's Prophecy'.Traditional Western
Laurence, Archbishop of Canterbury, Confessor. Double.
Commemoration of Blase, Bishop of Sebaste in Armenia, Martyr.
Contemporary Western
Ansgar
Berlinda of Meerbeke
Blaise
Celsa and Nona
Claudine Thévenet
Dom Justo Takayama (Philippines and Japan)
Hadelin
Margaret of England
Werburgh
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
February 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Feasts
Afterfeast of the Meeting of Our Lord
Saints
Prophet Azariah (10th century B.C.)
Holy and Righteous Symeon the God-receiver and Anna the Prophetess (1st c.)
Martyrs Papias, Diodorus, and Claudianus, at Perge in Pamphylia (250)
Martyr Blaise of Caesarea in Cappadocia (3rd c.)
Martyrs Paul and Simon, by the sword
Martyr Paul the Syrian (284-305)
Martyrs Adrian[15] and Eubulus, at Caesarea in Cappadocia (c. 308-309)
Venerable Claudius
Saint Laurence of Canterbury, the second Archbishop of Canterbury (619)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Saint Celerinus the Martyr (c.250)
Martyrs Laurentinus, Ignatius and Celerina, martyrs in North Africa (3rd c.)
Martyrs Felix, Symphronius (Sempronius), Hippolytus and Companions,
a group of martyrs in North Africa
Saints Tigides (4th c.) and Remedius (419), two bishops who succeeded
one another as Bishops of Gap in France
Virgin-martyr Ia of Cornwall (Hia, Ives), a Cornish evangelist and martyr (450)
Saints Lupicinus and Felix, Bishops of Lyons in France (5th century)
Saint Laurence the Illuminator (Lawrence of Spoleto), Bishop of Spoleto,
then founder of Farfa Abbey (576)
Saint Philip of Vienne, Bishop of Vienne in France (c. 578)
Saint Caellainn (Caoilfionn), a church in Roscommon in Ireland is dedicated to her
(6th c.?)
Saint Hadelin of Dinant, founder of the monastery of Chelles, in Belgium (690)
Saint Werburga of Chester, Abbess (c. 700)
Saint Berlinda of Meerbeke (Berlindis, Bellaude), a niece of St Amandus, she became
a nun at Moorsel near Alost in Belgium, and later an anchoress in Meerbeke (702)
Saint Werburgh, a widow who became a nun, probably at Bardney Abbey
in England, where she later became Abbess (c. 785)
Saint Deodatus, a monk at Lagny Abbey in France (8th c.)
Saint Ansgar of Hamburg, Bishop of Hamburg, Enlightener of Denmark
and Sweden, "Apostle of the North" (865)
Saint Anatolius, a bishop in Scotland, who went to Rome on pilgrimage and settled
as a hermit in Salins in the Jura in France (9th c.)
Saint Liafdag, Bishop in Jutland in Denmark, martyred by pagans (c. 980)
Saint Oliver of Ancona (Oliverius, Liberius), a monk at Santa Maria di Portonuovo
in Ancona in Italy (c. 1050)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Saint Svyatoslav-Gabriel and his son Saint Dimitry, of Yuriev (1253)
Saint Romanus of Uglich, Prince of Uglich (1285)
Saint Symeon of Tver, Bishop of Polotsk and Tver, first bishop there (1289)
Saint James (Jakov I), Archbishop of Serbia (1292)
Venerable Sabbas of Ioannina (15th c.)
Saint Ignatius of Mariupol in the Crimea, Metropolitan of Gothia and Kafa (1786)
New Martyrs Stamatius and John, brothers, and their companion Nicholas,
of Spetses, at Chios (1822)
Saint Nicholas of Japan, Equal-to-the-Apostles, Enlightener of Japan (1912)
New Martyrs and Confessors
New Hieromartyr Vladimir (Zagreba), Hieromonk of Borisoglebsk Monastery,
Novotorzhok (1938)
New Hieromartyrs John Tomilov, Timothy Izotov, Adrian Troitsky,
Basil Zalessky, Priests (1938)
Martyrs Vladimir, Michael Agayev (1938)
Other commemorations
Repose of Schemamonk Paul of Simonov Monastery (1825),
disciple of St. Paisius (Velichkovsky).
Repose of Hieromonk Isidore of Gethsemane Skete in Moscow (1908)
Syriac Orthodox Church
Aaron the Illustrious
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