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Events
1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th-13th.
1462 – The Treaty of Westminster is finalised between Edward IV of England and the Scottish Lord of the Isles.
1503 – Challenge of Barletta: Tournament between 13 Italian and 13 French knights near Barletta.
1542 – Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of Henry VIII of England, is executed for adultery.
1572 – Elizabeth I of England issues a proclamation which revokes all commissions on account of the frauds which they had fostered.
1575 – Henry III of France is crowned at Rheims and marries Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont on the same day.
1633 – Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.
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1660 – With the death of Swedish King Charles X Gustav, the Swedish government begins to seek peace with Sweden's enemies in the Second Northern War, something that Charles had refused. As his son and successor on the throne, Charles XI, is only four years old, a regency rules Sweden until 1672.
1668 – Spain recognizes Portugal as an independent nation in the Treaty of Lisbon.
1689 – William and Mary are proclaimed co-rulers of England.
1692 – Massacre of Glencoe: About 78 Macdonalds at Glen Coe, Scotland are killed early in the morning for not promptly pledging allegiance to the new king, William of Orange.
1739 – Battle of Karnal: The army of Iranian ruler Nader Shah defeats the forces of the Mughal emperor of India, Muhammad Shah.
1795 – The first state university is opened, the University of North Carolina
1849 – The delegation headed by Metropolitan bishop Andrei Șaguna hands out to the Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria the General Petition of Romanian leaders in Transylvania, Banat and Bukovina, which demands that the Romanian nation be recognized.
1861 – In Gaeta the capitulation of the fortress decreeing the end of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies is signed.
1861 – The first military action to be accorded with the Medal of Honor was performed by Bernard J. Irwin, an assistant surgeon serving during the United States’ first conflict with the Apache Indians.
1861 – Abraham Lincoln is officially declared winner of the 1860 presidential election when the electoral vote is tabulated by a joint session of Congress.
1867 – Work begins on the covering of the Senne, burying Brussels's primary river and creating the modern central boulevards.
1880 – Thomas Edison observes the Edison effect.
1881 – The feminist newspaper La Citoyenne is first published in Paris by the activist Hubertine Auclert.
1913 – The 13th Dalai Lama proclaims Tibetan independence following a period of domination by Manchu Qing dynasty and initiated a period of almost four decades of independence.
1914 – Copyright: In New York City the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers is established to protect the copyrighted musical compositions of its members.
1920 – The Negro National League is formed.
1920 – The League of Nations recognizes the perpetual neutrality of Switzerland.
1931 – New Delhi becomes the capital of India as the British Raj completes its transfer from Calcutta to New Delhi when the new capital is inaugurated by Lord Irwin, India's Viceroy.
1934 – The Soviet steamship Chelyuskin sinks in the Arctic Ocean.
1935 – A jury in Flemington, New Jersey finds Bruno Hauptmann guilty of the 1932 kidnapping and murder of the Lindbergh baby, the son of Charles Lindbergh.
1943 – World War II: The United States Marine Corps Women’s Reserve is officially established when Marine Corps Gen. Thomas Holcomb authorizes the mobilization of women into the Corps.
1945 – World War II: The siege of Budapest concludes with the unconditional surrender of German and Hungarian forces to the Red Army.
1945 – World War II: Royal Air Force bombers are dispatched to Dresden, Germany to attack the city with a massive aerial bombardment, during which as many as 25,000 civilians died.
1951 – Korean War: Battle of Chipyong-ni, which represented the "high-water mark" of the Chinese incursion into South Korea, commences.
1954 – Frank Selvy becomes the only NCAA Division I basketball player ever to score 100 points in a single game.
1955 – Israel obtains four of the seven Dead Sea Scrolls.
1960 – With the success of a nuclear test codenamed "Gerboise Bleue", France becomes the fourth country to possess nuclear weapons.
1960 – Black college students stage the first of the Nashville sit-ins at three lunch counters in Nashville, Tennessee.
1961 – An allegedly 500,000-year-old rock is discovered near Olancha, California, US, that appears to anachronistically encase a spark plug.
1967 – American researchers discover the Madrid Codices by Leonardo da Vinci in the National Library of Spain.
1978 – Hilton bombing: a bomb explodes in a refuse truck outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing two refuse collectors and a policeman.
1979 – An intense windstorm strikes western Washington and sinks a 1/2-mile-long section of the Hood Canal Bridge.
1981 – A series of sewer explosions destroys more than two miles of streets in Louisville, Kentucky.
1982 – The Río Negro Massacre takes place in Guatemala.
1983 – A cinema fire in Turin, Italy, kills 64 people.
1984 – Konstantin Chernenko succeeds the late Yuri Andropov as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
1990 – German reunification: An agreement is reached on a two-stage plan to reunite Germany.
1990 – The Boston Celtics’ Larry Bird ends his NBA free throw streak of 71 games.
1991 – Gulf War: Two laser-guided "smart bombs" destroy the Amiriyah shelter in Baghdad. Allied forces said the bunker was being used as a military communications outpost, but over 400 Iraqi civilians inside were killed.
2000 – The last original "Peanuts" comic strip appears in newspapers one day after Charles M. Schulz dies.
2001 – An earthquake measuring 6.6 on the Richter magnitude scale hits El Salvador, killing at least 400.
2004 – The Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics announces the discovery of the universe's largest known diamond, white dwarf star BPM 37093. Astronomers named this star "Lucy" after The Beatles' song "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds".
2007 – Taiwan opposition leader Ma Ying-jeou resigns as the chairman of the Kuomintang party after being indicted on charges of embezzlement during his tenure as the mayor of Taipei; Ma also announces his candidacy for the 2008 presidential election.
2008 – Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd makes a historic apology to the Indigenous Australians and the Stolen Generations.
2010 – A bomb explodes in the city of Pune, Maharashtra, India, killing 17 and injuring 60 more.
2011 – For the first time in more than 100 years the Umatilla, an American Indian tribe, are able to hunt and harvest a bison just outside Yellowstone National Park, restoring a centuries-old tradition guaranteed by a treaty signed in 1855.
2012 – The European Space Agency (ESA) conducted the first launch of the European Vega rocket from Europe's spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana.
2013 – A plane crash kills five people and injures nine others in Donetsk, Ukraine.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
The Seven Founders of the Servite Order, Confessors. Double.
Kentigern, Bishop of Glasgow, Confessor. Double.
Contemporary Western
Beatrice of Ornacieux
Castor of Karden
Catherine of Ricci
Ermenilda of Ely
Fulcran
Polyeuctus
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Absalom Jones (Episcopal Church (USA))
Eastern Orthodox
February 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Saints
Apostles and martyrs Aquila and his wife Priscilla (1st c.)
Holy Two Martyrs, father and son, by crucifixion
Saint Timothy, Archbishop of Alexandria (385)
Venerable Martinian of Caesarea in Palestine (5th c.)
Venerable Zoe of Bethlehem, and the Virgin Photini (5th c.)
Venerable Eulogius of Alexandria, Patriarch of Alexandria (608)
Righteous Martin the Merciful
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Martyrs Fusca and Maura, two martyrs in Ravenna under Decius (c. 250)
Saint Julian of Lyons, a martyr venerated in Lyons in France
Saint Benignus of Todi, a priest in Todi in Umbria in Italy martyred under
Diocletian (c. 303)
Saint Castor of Karden, hieromonk and missionary in Germany (c. 400)
Saint Stephen of Lyons, Bishop of Lyons in France, he was active in converting
the Arian Burgundians to Orthodoxy, Confessor (512)
Saint Modomnoc, Bishop of Ossory in Ireland (c. 550)
Saint Stephen of Rieti, an Abbot in Rieti in Italy whom St Gregory the Great
describes as 'rude of speech but of cultured life' (c. 590)
Saint Licinius of Angers (Lezin), Bishop of Angers in France (c. 618)
Saint Huna of Thorney, priest-monk of Huneia (c. 690)
Saint Dyfnog, born in Wales, he was much venerated in Clwyd (7th c.)
Saint Ermenilda of Ely (Ermengild, Ermenilda), Abbess of Ely (c. 700)
Saint Aimo (Aimonius), founder of the convent of St Victor in Meda in the north
of Italy (c. 790)
Saint Gosbert, fourth Bishop of Osnabruck in Germany and a disciple of St Ansgar
(c. 859)
Saint Fulcran, Bishop of Lodève in Languedoc in France, famous for his asceticism,
he was bishop for over half a century (1006)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Venerable Symeon the Myrrh-gusher (Stefan Nemanja), Grand Prince of Serbia (1200)
Saint Joseph of Volokolamsk, founder of Volokolamsk (Volotsk) Monastery (1515)
Saint George Konnissky (Yurij Konissky), Archbishop of Mogilev in Belorussia (1795)
New Martyrs and Confessors
Other commemorations
Consecration of the Church of the Theotokos and Saint Thekla, on Mount Posaleos
Translation of the relics of Saint Edward the Martyr, King of England
Icon of the Theotokos 'Dolinsky'
Repose of Abbess Seraphima of Sezenovo (1877)
Repose of Archbishop Seraphim (Sobolev) of Bogucharsk, Bulgaria,
Vicar of Poltava, Bishop of Lubensk (1950)
Traditional Western
The Seven Founders of the Servite Order, Confessors. Double.
Kentigern, Bishop of Glasgow, Confessor. Double.
Contemporary Western
Beatrice of Ornacieux
Castor of Karden
Catherine of Ricci
Ermenilda of Ely
Fulcran
Polyeuctus
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Absalom Jones (Episcopal Church (USA))
Eastern Orthodox
February 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Saints
Apostles and martyrs Aquila and his wife Priscilla (1st c.)
Holy Two Martyrs, father and son, by crucifixion
Saint Timothy, Archbishop of Alexandria (385)
Venerable Martinian of Caesarea in Palestine (5th c.)
Venerable Zoe of Bethlehem, and the Virgin Photini (5th c.)
Venerable Eulogius of Alexandria, Patriarch of Alexandria (608)
Righteous Martin the Merciful
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Martyrs Fusca and Maura, two martyrs in Ravenna under Decius (c. 250)
Saint Julian of Lyons, a martyr venerated in Lyons in France
Saint Benignus of Todi, a priest in Todi in Umbria in Italy martyred under
Diocletian (c. 303)
Saint Castor of Karden, hieromonk and missionary in Germany (c. 400)
Saint Stephen of Lyons, Bishop of Lyons in France, he was active in converting
the Arian Burgundians to Orthodoxy, Confessor (512)
Saint Modomnoc, Bishop of Ossory in Ireland (c. 550)
Saint Stephen of Rieti, an Abbot in Rieti in Italy whom St Gregory the Great
describes as 'rude of speech but of cultured life' (c. 590)
Saint Licinius of Angers (Lezin), Bishop of Angers in France (c. 618)
Saint Huna of Thorney, priest-monk of Huneia (c. 690)
Saint Dyfnog, born in Wales, he was much venerated in Clwyd (7th c.)
Saint Ermenilda of Ely (Ermengild, Ermenilda), Abbess of Ely (c. 700)
Saint Aimo (Aimonius), founder of the convent of St Victor in Meda in the north
of Italy (c. 790)
Saint Gosbert, fourth Bishop of Osnabruck in Germany and a disciple of St Ansgar
(c. 859)
Saint Fulcran, Bishop of Lodève in Languedoc in France, famous for his asceticism,
he was bishop for over half a century (1006)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Venerable Symeon the Myrrh-gusher (Stefan Nemanja), Grand Prince of Serbia (1200)
Saint Joseph of Volokolamsk, founder of Volokolamsk (Volotsk) Monastery (1515)
Saint George Konnissky (Yurij Konissky), Archbishop of Mogilev in Belorussia (1795)
New Martyrs and Confessors
Other commemorations
Consecration of the Church of the Theotokos and Saint Thekla, on Mount Posaleos
Translation of the relics of Saint Edward the Martyr, King of England
Icon of the Theotokos 'Dolinsky'
Repose of Abbess Seraphima of Sezenovo (1877)
Repose of Archbishop Seraphim (Sobolev) of Bogucharsk, Bulgaria,
Vicar of Poltava, Bishop of Lubensk (1950)
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