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355: Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with the government of the Prefecture of the Gauls.
1528: The Spanish conquistador Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca was shipwrecked on a low sandy island off the coast of Texas. Starving, dehydrated, and desperate, he was the first known European to set foot on the soil of the future Lone Star state.
1789: Pope Pius VI appoints John Carroll bishop of Baltimore, making him the first Catholic bishop in the United States.
1844 – The first constitution of the Dominican Republic is adopted.
1856 – Scenes of Clerical Life, the first work of fiction by the author later known as George Eliot, is submitted for publication.
1860: Former Illinois congressman Abraham Lincoln defeated three other candidates for the presidency: John Breckinridge, John Bell and Stephen Douglas.
1861: Jefferson Davis was elected president of the Confederate States of America. He ran without opposition, and the election simply confirmed the decision that had been made by the Confederate Congress earlier in the year.
1865 – American Civil War: CSS Shenandoah is the last Confederate combat unit to surrender after circumnavigating the globe on a cruise on which it sank or captured 37 unarmed merchant vessels.
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| 1869: 1st Intercollegiate Football Game from whatwasthere.com |
1906: President Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt embarked on a 17-day trip to Panama and Puerto Rico, becoming the first president to make an official diplomatic tour outside of the continental United States.
1913 – Mohandas Gandhi is arrested while leading a march of Indian miners in South Africa.
1917 – World War I: After three months of fierce fighting, the Third Battle of Ypres finally ends when Canadian forces take Passchendaele in Belgium.
1917: After three months of horrific fighting, the Third Battle of Ypres finally ended when Canadian forces took the village of Passchendaele in Belgium.
1917: Led by Bolshevik Party leader Vladimir Lenin, leftist revolutionaries launched a nearly bloodless coup d'État against Russia's ineffectual Provisional Government. The Bolsheviks and their allies occupied government buildings and other strategic locations in the Russian capital of Petrograd (now St. Petersburg) and within two days had formed a new government with Lenin as its head. Bolshevik Russia, later renamed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was the world's first Marxist state.
1918 – The Second Polish Republic is proclaimed.
1928 – Arnold Rothstein, the head of the Jewish mob in New York, was shot and mortally wounded on November 4, and died on November 6. He was assassinated by George "Hump" McManus, for failing to pay a large gambling debt.
1928 – Republican Herbert Hoover is elected President of the United States.
1934 – Memphis, Tennessee becomes the first major city to join the Tennessee Valley Authority.
1935 – Edwin Armstrong presents his paper "A Method of Reducing Disturbances in Radio Signaling by a System of Frequency Modulation" to the New York section of the Institute of Radio Engineers.
1935 – First flight of the Hawker Hurricane, with its K5083 first prototype.
1935 – Parker Brothers acquires the forerunner patents for Monopoly from Elizabeth Magie.
1939 – World War II: Sonderaktion Krakau takes place.
1941 – World War II: Soviet leader Joseph Stalin addresses the Soviet Union for only the second time during his 27-year rule. He falsely states that even though 350,000 troops were killed in German attacks so far, the Germans had lost 4.5 million soldiers and that Soviet victory was near.
1942 – World War II: Carlson's patrol during the Guadalcanal Campaign begins.
1942 – World War II: First flight of the Heinkel He 219.
1943 – World War II: The Soviet Red Army recaptures Kiev. Before withdrawing, the Germans destroy most of the city's ancient buildings.
1944 – Plutonium is first produced at the Hanford Atomic Facility and subsequently used in the Fat Man atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan.
1947 – Meet the Press makes its television debut (the show went to a weekly schedule on September 12, 1948).
1948 – Deputy commander-in-chief of the Eastern China Field Army General Su Yu launches a massive offensive toward Xuzhou, defended by seven different armies under the Suppression General Headquarter of Xuzhou Garrison, the Huaihai Campaign. The largest operational campaign of the Chinese Civil War begins.
1962 – Apartheid: The United Nations General Assembly passes a resolution condemning South Africa's apartheid policies and calls for all UN member states to cease military and economic relations with the nation.
1963 – Vietnam War: Following the November 1 coup and execution of President Ngo Dinh Diem, coup leader General Dương Văn Minh takes over leadership of South Vietnam.
1965 – Cuba and the United States formally agree to begin an airlift for Cubans who want to go to the United States. By 1971, 250,000 Cubans had made use of this program.
1971 – The United States Atomic Energy Commission tests the largest U.S. underground hydrogen bomb, code-named Cannikin, on Amchitka Island in the Aleutians.
1975 – Green March begins: Three hundred thousand unarmed Moroccans converge on the southern city of Tarfaya and wait for a signal from King Hassan II of Morocco to cross into Western Sahara.
1977 – The Kelly Barnes Dam, located above Toccoa Falls Bible College near Toccoa, Georgia, fails, killing 39.
1985 – In Colombia, leftist guerrillas of the 19th of April Movement seize control of the Palace of Justice in Bogotá, eventually killing 115 people, 11 of them Supreme Court justices.
1986 – Sumburgh disaster: A British International Helicopters Boeing 234LR Chinook crashes 21⁄2 miles east of Sumburgh Airport killing 45 people. It is the deadliest civilian helicopter crash on record.
1991 – The last Kuwaiti oil field fire is extinguished.
1995 – The Rova of Antananarivo, home of the sovereigns of Madagascar from the 16th to 19th centuries, is destroyed by fire.
1995 – Cleveland Browns relocation controversy: Art Modell announces that he signed a deal that would relocate the Cleveland Browns to Baltimore to become the Baltimore Ravens, the first time the city had a football team since 1983 when they were the Baltimore Colts.
1999 – Australians vote to keep the Head of the Commonwealth as their head of state in the Australian republic referendum.
2004 – An express train collides with a stationary car near the village of Ufton Nervet, England, killing seven and injuring 150.
2012 – Tammy Baldwin becomes the first openly gay politician to be elected to the United States Senate.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Within the Octave of All Saints.
Contemporary Western
Blessed José María of Manila
Illtud
Leonard of Noblac
Nuno Álvares Pereira (in Portugal)
Winnoc
Illtud
Leonard of Noblac
Nuno Álvares Pereira (in Portugal)
Winnoc
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
William Temple (Anglican Communion)
Eastern Orthodox
Saint Paul the Confessor, Archbishop of Constantinople (c. 350)
Venerable Barlaam of Khutyn, hermit (1193)
Saint Herman, Archbishop of Kazan (1567)
New-Martyr Gregory the Cross-bearer (1936)
Saint Elias Fondaminskii of Paris (1942)
Venerable Barlaam of Khutyn, hermit (1193)
Saint Herman, Archbishop of Kazan (1567)
New-Martyr Gregory the Cross-bearer (1936)
Saint Elias Fondaminskii of Paris (1942)
Coptic Orthodox
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