1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile.
1776 – An article ran in a London newspaper stating that the famous Benjamin Franklin was “now at the head of the rebellion in North America.” Up until that time, few people on the English side of the Atlantic were aware of Benjamin Franklin’s true allegiances.
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| 1850s - New York and Harlem Railroad Streetcar from whatwasthere.com |
1851 – The famous novel Moby Dick, written by Herman Melville, was first published in the U.S.
1862 – American Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln approved General Ambrose Burnside's plan to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia. This was an ill-fated move, as it led to the disastrous Battle of Fredericksburg in Virginia in December 1862, in which the Army of the Potomac was dealt one of its worst defeats at the hands of Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia.
1889 – Pioneering female journalist Nellie Bly (aka Elizabeth Cochrane) begins a successful attempt to travel around the world in less than 80 days. She completes the trip in 72 days.
1910 – Aviator Eugene Burton Ely performs the first takeoff from a ship in Hampton Roads, Virginia. He took off from a makeshift deck on the USS Birmingham in a Curtiss pusher.
1914 – In Constantinople, capital of the Ottoman Empire, the religious leader Sheikh-ul-Islam declares an Islamic holy war on behalf of the Ottoman government, urging his Muslim followers to take up arms against Britain, France, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro during the early months of World War I.
1918 – Czechoslovakia becomes a republic.
1921 – Foundation of the Communist Party of Spain.
1922 – The British Broadcasting Company begins radio service in the United Kingdom.
1932 – Al Shorta SC, one of Iraq's biggest football clubs, is founded as Montakhab Al Shorta.
1938 – The Lions Gate Bridge (a National Historic Site of Canada) connecting Vancouver to the North Shore region, opens to traffic.
1940 – World War II: German bombers devastated the English city of Coventry, demolishing tens of thousands of buildings and killing hundreds of men, women, and children. Coventry Cathedral is almost completely destroyed. The verb "Koventrieren" (to Coventrate) passed into the German language, meaning "to annihilate or reduce to rubble."
1941 – World War II: The aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal sinks due to torpedo damage from the German submarine U-81 sustained on November 13.
1941 – World War II: In Slonim, German forces engaged in Operation Barbarossa murder 9,000 Jews in a single day.
1951: In a surprising turn of events, President Harry Truman asked Congress for U.S. military and economic aid for the communist nation of Yugoslavia. The action was part of the U.S. policy to drive a deeper wedge between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union.
1952 – The first regular UK Singles Chart published by the New Musical Express.
1957 – The Apalachin Meeting outside Binghamton, New York is raided by law enforcement, and many high level Mafia figures are arrested.
1965 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Ia Drang begins: In the first major engagement of the war between regular U.S. and North Vietnamese forces, elements of the 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile) fought a pitched battle with Communist main-force units in the Ia Drang Valley of the Central Highlands. 90,000 U.S. soldiers are sent to Vietnam.
1967 – Vietnam War: Maj. Gen. Bruno Hochmuth, commander of the 3rd Marine Division, is killed when the helicopter in which he is travelling is shot down. He is the most senior U.S. officer to be killed in action in the war to date.
1967 – The Congress of Colombia, in commemoration of the 150 years of the death of Policarpa Salavarrieta, declares this day as "Day of the Colombian Woman".
1967 – American physicist Theodore Maiman is given a patent for his ruby laser systems, the world's first laser.
1969 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 12, the second crewed mission to the surface of the Moon.
1970 – Soviet Union enters ICAO, making Russian the fourth official language of organization.
1970 – Southern Airways Flight 932 crashes in the mountains near Huntington, West Virginia, killing 75, including members of the Marshall University football team.
1971 – Enthronment of Pope Shenouda III as Pope of Alexandria.
1971 – Mariner 9 enters orbit around Mars.
1972: President Richard Nixon extended to South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu his "absolute assurance" that the United States would "take swift and severe retaliatory action" if Hanoi violated the pending cease-fire once it is in place.
1973: In the United Kingdom, Princess Anne marries Captain Mark Phillips in Westminster Abbey.
1973 – The Athens Polytechnic uprising, a massive demonstration of popular rejection of the Greek military junta of 1967–74, begins.
1975 – With the signing of the Madrid Accords, Spain abandons Western Sahara.
1979 – Iran hostage crisis: US President Jimmy Carter issues Executive order 12170, freezing all Iranian assets in the United States in response to the hostage crisis.
1982 – Lech Wałęsa, the leader of Poland's outlawed Solidarity movement, is released after eleven months of internment near the Soviet border.
1984 – Zamboanga City mayor Cesar Climaco, a prominent critic of the government of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos, is assassinated in his home city.
1990 – After German reunification, the Federal Republic of Germany and Poland sign a treaty confirming the Oder–Neisse line as the border between Germany and Poland.
1991 – American and British authorities announce indictments against two Libyan intelligence officials in connection with the downing of the Pan Am Flight 103.
1991 – Cambodian Prince Norodom Sihanouk returns to Phnom Penh after thirteen years of exile.
1991 – In Royal Oak, Michigan, a fired United States Postal Service employee goes on a shooting rampage, killing four and wounding five before committing suicide.
1995 – A budget standoff between Democrats and Republicans in the U.S. Congress forces the federal government to temporarily close national parks and museums and to run most government offices with skeleton staffs.
1997 – Disney's "Lion King" sets a Broadway record of $2.7 million in sales in one day.
2001 – War in Afghanistan: Afghan Northern Alliance fighters take over the capital Kabul.
2003 – Astronomers Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo, and David L. Rabinowitz discover 90377 Sedna, a Trans-Neptunian object.
2008 – The first G-20 economic summit opens in Washington, D.C.
2010 – Germany's Sebastian Vettel of Red Bull Racing wins Formula One's Drivers Championship to become the sport's youngest champion.
2012 – Israel launches a major military operation in the Gaza Strip, as hostilities with Hamas escalate.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Erconwald, Bishop of London, Confessor. Double.
Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland, Martyr. Greater Double.
Contemporary Western
Barlaam of Kiev
Blessed Maria Merkert
Nikola Tavelic
Serapion of Algiers
Blessed Maria Merkert
Nikola Tavelic
Serapion of Algiers
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Emperor Justinian (Lutheran Church)
Samuel Seabury (Anglican Communion)
Eastern Orthodox
November 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Saint Philip the Apostle
Saint Gregory Palamas, archbishop of Thessaloniki (1359)
Justinian I, emperor (565), and his wife Theodora (548)
Repose of Saint Alexander Nevsky (14 Nov 1263)
Saint Gregory Palamas, archbishop of Thessaloniki (1359)
Justinian I, emperor (565), and his wife Theodora (548)
Repose of Saint Alexander Nevsky (14 Nov 1263)
Coptic Orthodox
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