308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor emeritus Diocletian confers with Galerius, Augustus of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former Augustus of the West, in an attempt to restore order to the Roman Empire.
1100 – Henry I of England marries Matilda of Scotland, the daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and a direct descendant of the Saxon king Edmund Ironside.
1215 – The Fourth Lateran Council meets, defining the doctrine of transubstantiation, the process by which bread and wine are, by that doctrine, said to transform into the body and blood of Christ.
1500 – Treaty of Granada – Louis XII of France and Ferdinand II of Aragon agree to divide the Kingdom of Naples between them.
1620 – The Pilgrims and non-Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower drafted and signed the Mayflower Compact soon after anchoring in what is now Provincetown Harbor near Cape Cod (having been blown off course from their actual destination of Virginia).
1634 – Following pressure from Anglican bishop John Atherton, the Irish House of Commons passes An Act for the Punishment for the Vice of Buggery.
1673 – Second Battle of Khotyn in Ukraine: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under the command of Jan Sobieski defeat the Ottoman army. In this battle, rockets made by Kazimierz Siemienowicz are successfully used.
1675 – Gottfried Leibniz demonstrates integral calculus for the first time to find the area under the graph of y = ƒ(x).
1724 – Joseph Blake, alias Blueskin, a highwayman known for attacking "Thief-Taker General" (and thief) Jonathan Wild at the Old Bailey, is hanged in London.
1750 – Riots break out in Lhasa after the murder of the Tibetan regent.
1750 – The F.H.C. Society, also known as the Flat Hat Club, is formed at Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia. It is the first college fraternity.
1778 – Patriot Colonel Ichabod Alden refused to believe intelligence about an approaching hostile force. As a result, a combined force of Loyalists and Seneca Indians, attacking in the snow, killed more than 40 Patriots, including Alden, and took at least an additional 70 prisoners, in what is known today as the Cherry Valley Massacre. The attack took place east of Cooperstown, New York, in what is now Otsego County.
1805 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Dürenstein – 8000 French troops attempt to slow the retreat of a vastly superior Russian and Austrian force.
1813 – War of 1812: Battle of Crysler's Farm – British and Canadian forces defeat a larger American force, causing the Americans to abandon their Saint Lawrence campaign.
1831 – Nat Turner, the leader of a bloody slave revolt in Southampton County, Virginia, was hanged in Jerusalem, the county seat.
1839 – The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
1864 – American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea – General William Tecumseh Sherman begins burning Atlanta, Georgia to the ground in preparation for his march south.
1865 – Treaty of Sinchula is signed by which Bhutan cedes the areas east of the Teesta River to the British East India Company.
1869 – The Victorian Aboriginal Protection Act is enacted in Australia, giving the government control of indigenous people's wages, their terms of employment, where they could live, and of their children, effectively leading to the Stolen Generations.
1880 – Australian bushranger Ned Kelly is hanged at Melbourne Gaol.
1887 – Anarchist Haymarket Martyrs August Spies, Albert Parsons, Adolph Fischer and George Engel are executed.
1887 – Construction of the Manchester Ship Canal begins at Eastham.
1889 – President Benjamin Harrison signed the bill admitting Washington as the 42nd state to the United States of America. Elisha Ferry was inaugurated as the first governor on Nov. 18.1864 – American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea – General William Tecumseh Sherman begins burning Atlanta, Georgia to the ground in preparation for his march south.
1865 – Treaty of Sinchula is signed by which Bhutan cedes the areas east of the Teesta River to the British East India Company.
1869 – The Victorian Aboriginal Protection Act is enacted in Australia, giving the government control of indigenous people's wages, their terms of employment, where they could live, and of their children, effectively leading to the Stolen Generations.
1880 – Australian bushranger Ned Kelly is hanged at Melbourne Gaol.
1887 – Anarchist Haymarket Martyrs August Spies, Albert Parsons, Adolph Fischer and George Engel are executed.
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Inauguration of Gov. Elisha Ferry, Washington State Capitol, Nov. 18, 1889
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1887 – Construction of the Manchester Ship Canal begins at Eastham.
1909 – Construction of a U.S. Naval base begins in Pearl Harbor.
1911 – Many cities in the Midwestern United States break their record highs and lows on the same day as a strong cold front rolls through.
1918 – Józef Piłsudski assumes supreme military power in Poland - symbolic first day of Polish independence.
1918 – Emperor Charles I of Austria relinquishes power.
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| 1917 - WW1 soldiers in Graham Road, Gt Malvern from whatwasthere.com |
1919 – The Centralia Massacre in Centralia, Washington results the deaths of four members of the American Legion and the lynching of a local leader of the Industrial Workers of the World.
1919 – Lāčplēša day – Latvian forces defeat the Freikorps at Riga in the Latvian War of Independence.
1920 – The Cenotaph in Whitehall was unveiled by King George V on Armistice Day. The Unknown Warrior, with Admirals, Marshals and Generals as pall-bearers, was taken by gun carriage to the Cenotaph on the way to Westminster Abbey where he was laid to rest. The King laid a wreath on the gun carriage before unveiling the monument on the stroke of 11am. At the end of the Silence, he laid the first wreath on the new monument.
1921 – Exactly three years after the end of World War I, the Tomb of the Unknowns was dedicated at Arlington Cemetery in Virginia during an Armistice Day ceremony presided over by President Warren G. Harding.
1926 – The United States Numbered Highway System is established, including U.S. Route 66 from Chicago, Illinois to Santa Monica, California for a total of 2,448 miles.
1930 – Patent number US1781541 is awarded to Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd for their invention, the Einstein refrigerator.
1934 – The Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne, Australia is opened.
1940 – World War II: Battle of Taranto – The Royal Navy launches the first aircraft carrier-launched airstrike in history, on the Italian fleet at Taranto.
1940 – The German cruiser Atlantis captures top secret British mail, and sends it to Japan.
1940 – Armistice Day Blizzard: An unexpected blizzard kills 144 in the U.S. Midwest.
1942 – World War II: The former zone libre is added to German military administration, completing Nazi Germany's occupation of France.
1942 – Congress approves lowering the draft age to 18 and raising the upper limit to age 37.
1960 – A military coup against President Ngo Dinh Diem of South Vietnam is crushed.
1961 – Thirteen Italian Air Force servicemen, deployed to the Congo as a part of the UN peacekeeping force are massacred by a mob in the course of the Kindu atrocity.
1962 – Kuwait's National Assembly ratifies the Constitution of Kuwait.
1965 – In Rhodesia (modern-day Zimbabwe), the white-minority government of Ian Smith unilaterally declares independence.
1966 – NASA launches Gemini 12.
1967 – Vietnam War: In a propaganda ceremony in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, three American prisoners of war are released by the Viet Cong and turned over to "new left" antiwar activist Tom Hayden.
1968 – Vietnam War: Operation Commando Hunt initiated. The goal is to interdict men and supplies on the Ho Chi Minh trail, through Laos into South Vietnam.
1968 – A second republic is declared in the Maldives.
1972 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization – The massive Long Binh military base, once the largest U.S. installation outside the continental United States, was handed over to the South Vietnamese. This logistical complex, which had been constructed on the outskirts of Bien Hoa near the outskirts of Saigon, included numerous ammunition depots, supply depots, and other logistics installations. It served as the headquarters for U.S. Army Vietnam, 1st Logistical Command, and several other related activities. The handing-over of the base effectively marked the end--after seven years--of direct U.S. participation in the war. After the Long Binh base was turned over, about 29,000 U.S. soldiers remained in South Vietnam, most them advisors with South Vietnamese units, or helicopter crewmen, and maintenance, supply, and office staff.
1975 – Australian constitutional crisis of 1975: Australian Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismisses the government of Gough Whitlam, appoints Malcolm Fraser as caretaker Prime Minister and announces a general election to be held in early December.
1975 – Independence of Angola.
1981 – Antigua and Barbuda joins the United Nations.
1992 – The General Synod of the Church of England votes to allow women to become priests.
1993 – A sculpture honoring women who served in the Vietnam War is dedicated at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C.
1999 – The House of Lords Act is given Royal Assent, restricting membership of the British House of Lords by virtue of a hereditary peerage.
2000 – Kaprun disaster: 155 skiers and snowboarders die when a cable car catches fire in an alpine tunnel in Kaprun, Austria.
2001 – Journalists Pierre Billaud, Johanne Sutton and Volker Handloik are killed in Afghanistan during an attack on the convoy they are traveling in.
2004 – New Zealand Tomb of the Unknown Warrior is dedicated at the National War Memorial, Wellington.
2004 – The Palestine Liberation Organization confirms the death of Yasser Arafat from unidentified causes. Mahmoud Abbas is elected chairman of the PLO minutes later.
2006 – Queen Elizabeth II unveils the New Zealand War Memorial in London, United Kingdom, commemorating the loss of soldiers from the New Zealand Army and the British Army.
2008 – RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 (QE2) sets sail on her final voyage to Dubai.
2011 – Bethesda Softworks releases The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim to universal acclaim, becoming one of the fastest selling video games of all time.
2012 – A strong earthquake with the magnitude 6.8 hits northern Burma, killing at least 26 people.
2014 – 58 people are killed in a bus crash in the Sukkur District in southern Pakistan's Sindh province.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Martin, Bishop of Tours, Confessor. Double.
Commemoration of St. Mennas, Martyr.
Contemporary Western
Bartholomew of Grottaferrata
Martin of Tours – St. Martin's Day
Menas
Theodore the Studite
Martin of Tours – St. Martin's Day
Menas
Theodore the Studite
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Søren Kierkegaard (Lutheran Church)
Eastern Orthodox
November 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Martyrs Victor and Corona
Martyr Stephanida
Vincent of Saragossa (c. 304)
Saint Menas of Egypt (309)
Theodore the Studite (826)
Repose of Blessed Maximus of Moscow, Fool-for-Christ (1434)
Martyrs Victor and Corona
Martyr Stephanida
Vincent of Saragossa (c. 304)
Saint Menas of Egypt (309)
Theodore the Studite (826)
Repose of Blessed Maximus of Moscow, Fool-for-Christ (1434)
Coptic Orthodox
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