September 29 in history

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SEP 28      INDEX      SEP 30

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Births, Weddings, & Deaths

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Events

522 BC – Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta, securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire.

61 BC – Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday.

1227 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades.

1364 – Battle of Auray: English forces defeat the French in Brittany; end of the Breton War of Succession.

1567 – At a dinner, the Duke of Alba arrests the Count of Egmont and the Count of Hoorn for treason.

1650 – Henry Robinson opens his Office of Addresses and Encounters in Threadneedle Street, London.

1717 – An earthquake strikes Antigua Guatemala, destroying much of the city's architecture and making authorities consider moving the capital to a different city.

1789 – During the American Revolution, accused British spy Major John Andre, Benedict Arnold’s contact and accomplice, was sentenced to be executed by hanging for his involvement in the treasonous plot. Days before, it was Andre’s capture that had brought Arnold’s betrayal to light. After being stopped by three Patriot militiamen, Andre was searched and documents referring to Benedict Arnold, and Arnold’s plan to betray the United States by turning over West Point, were discovered in Andre’s boot. Andre was executed on October 2,

1789 – The United States Department of War first establishes a regular army with a strength of several hundred men.

1789 – The 1st United States Congress adjourns.

1829 – The Metropolitan Police of London, later also known as the Met, is founded.

1848 – Battle of Pákozd: Stalemate between Hungarian and Croatian forces at Pákozd; the first battle of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.

1850 – The Roman Catholic hierarchy is re-established in England and Wales by Pope Pius IX.

1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Chaffin's Farm is fought.

1880 – The first professional baseball game is held at Polo Grounds, NY. The Metropolitans beat the Washington Nationals 4-2.

1885 – The first practical public electric tramway in the world is opened in Blackpool, England.

1907 – The cornerstone is laid at Washington National Cathedral in the U.S. capital.

1911 – Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.

1918 – World War I, Battle of St. Quentin Canal: The Hindenburg Line is broken by Allied forces. Bulgaria signs an armistice.

1923 – The British Mandate for Palestine takes effect, creating Mandatory Palestine.

1923 – The first National Women’s Track and Field Championships are held in Newark, NJ.

1932 – Chaco War: Last day of the Battle of Boquerón between Paraguay and Bolivia.

1938 – Munich Agreement: Germany is given permission from France, Italy, and Great Britain to seize the territory of Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia. The meeting takes place in Munich, and leaders from neither the Soviet Union nor Czechoslovakia attend.

1940 – Two Avro Ansons of No. 2 Service Flying Training School RAAF collide in mid-air over Brocklesby, New South Wales, Australia, remain locked together after colliding, and then land safely.

1941 – World War II: Holocaust in Kiev, Soviet Union: German Einsatzgruppe C begins the Babi Yar massacre, according to the Einsatzgruppen operational situation report.

1949 – The Communist Party of China writes the Common Programme for the future People's Republic of China.

1951 – The first live sporting event seen coast-to-coast in the United States, a college football game between Duke and the University of Pittsburgh, is televised on NBC.

1954 – The convention establishing CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) is signed.

1957 – Twenty MCi (740 petabecquerels) of radioactive material is released in an explosion at the Soviet Mayak nuclear plant at Chelyabinsk.

1960 – Nikita Khrushchev, leader of Soviet Union, disrupts a meeting of the United Nations General Assembly with a number of angry outbursts.

1962 – Alouette 1, the first Canadian satellite, is launched.

1963 – The second period of the Second Vatican Council opens.

1964 – The Argentine comic strip Mafalda is published for the first time.

1966 – The Chevrolet Camaro, originally named Panther, is introduced.

1971 – Oman joins the Arab League.

1972 – China–Japan relations: Japan establishes diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China.

1975 – WGPR in Detroit, Michigan, becomes the world's first black-owned-and-operated television station.

1979 – Pope John Paul II becomes the first pope to visit Ireland.

1982 – The Chicago Tylenol murders begin when the first of seven individuals dies in metropolitan Chicago.

1988 – Space Shuttle: NASA launches STS-26, the return to flight mission, after the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.

1990 – Construction of the Washington National Cathedral is completed.

1990 – The YF-22, which would later become the F-22 Raptor, flies for the first time.

1991 – Military coup in Haiti (1991 Haitian coup d'état).

1992 – Brazilian President Fernando Collor de Mello is impeached.

1995 – The United States Navy disbands Fighter Squadron 84 (VF-84), nicknamed the "Jolly Rogers".

2004 – The asteroid 4179 Toutatis passes within four lunar distances of Earth.

2004 – The Burt Rutan Ansari X Prize entry SpaceShipOne performs a successful spaceflight, the first of two required to win the prize.

2006 – Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 collides in mid-air with an Embraer Legacy 600 business jet near Peixoto de Azevedo, Mato Grosso, Brazil, killing 154 total people, and triggering a Brazilian aviation crisis.

2007 – Calder Hall, the world's first commercial nuclear power station, is demolished in a controlled explosion.

2008 – Following the bankruptcies of Lehman Brothers and Washington Mutual, The Dow Jones Industrial Average falls 777.68 points, the largest single-day point loss in its history.

2009 – An 8.0 magnitude earthquake near the Samoan Islands causes a tsunami.

2013 – Over 42 people are killed by members of Boko Haram at the College of Agriculture in Gujba, Nigeria.

Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

Dedication of the church of St. Michael, the Archangel.     Double of the Second Class

Contemporary Western

Michaelmas, feast of the Archangels Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael. One of the four quarter days in the Irish calendar. (England and Ireland)
Rhipsime

Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran

Eastern Orthodox

September 29 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Saint Cyriacus the Anchorite (556)
Saint Theophanes the Merciful of Palestine
Martyrs Dada, Gabdelas, and Casdoe (Casdoa) of Persia (4th century)
Martyr Gudelia of Persia
The Eighty Holy Martyrs of Byzantium (364-378)
Saint Cyprian, abbot, of Ustiug in Vologda (1276)
New Monk-martyr Malachi of Rhodes (1500)
Saint Onuphrius the Wonderworker, of Gareji, Georgia (1733)
New martyr John, Archbishop of Riga in Latvia (1934)
Martyr Petronia
Saint Neophytus the Enclosed
Saint Auxentius the Wonderworker
Martyrs Tryphon, Trophimus, and Dorymedon, and 150 Martyrs, in Palestine

Uncovering of the relics (1993) of St. John (Maximovitch),
      archbishop of Shanghai and San Francisco (1966)
Repose of Blessed Anthony Alexeyovich, Fool-for-Christ of Zadonsk (1851)
Repose of Archimandrite Gerasim of Alaska (1969)

Coptic Orthodox

October 1 in history

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SEP 30      INDEX      OCT 02

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Births, Weddings, & Deaths

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Events

331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela.

959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England.

1553 – Coronation of Queen Mary I of England.

1787 – Russians under Alexander Suvorov defeat the Turks at Kinburn.

1791 – First session of the French Legislative Assembly.

1795 – Belgium is conquered by France.

1800 – Spain cedes Louisiana to France via the Treaty of San Ildefonso.

1811 – The first steamboat to sail the Mississippi River arrives in New Orleans.

1814 – Opening of the Congress of Vienna, intended to redraw Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoléon the previous spring.

1827 – Russo-Persian War: The Russian army under Ivan Paskevich storms Yerevan, ending a millennium of Muslim domination in Armenia.

1829 – South African College is founded in Cape Town, South Africa; it will later separate into the University of Cape Town and the South African College Schools.

1832 – Texian political delegates convened at San Felipe de Austin to petition for changes in the governance of Mexican Texas.

1843 – The News of the World tabloid begins publication in London.

1854 – The watch company founded in 1850 in Roxbury by Aaron Lufkin Dennison relocates to Waltham, Massachusetts, to become the Waltham Watch Company, a pioneer in the American system of watch manufacturing.

1868 – The novel Little Women, by Louisa May Alcott, is published,

1880 – John Philip Sousa becomes leader of the United States Marine Band.

1880 – First electric lamp factory is opened by Thomas Edison.

1887 – Balochistan is conquered by the British Empire.

1920s - Camping in the Yosemite Valley
from whatwasthere.com

1890: Yosemite National Park is established by the United States Congress.

1891 – Stanford University opens its doors. Future U.S. President Herbert Hoover is among the first graduating class.

1898 – The Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration is founded under the name k.u.k. Exportakademie.

1903 – Baseball: The Boston Americans play the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first game of the modern World Series.

1905 – František Pavlík is killed in a demonstration in Prague, inspiring Leoš Janáček to the piano composition 1. X. 1905.

1907 – A downturn in the stock market leads to a run on the dollar. President Theodore Roosevelt calls on financier J. P. Morgan to help manage the crisis.

1908 – Ford puts the Model T car on the market at a price of US$825.

1910 – Los Angeles Times bombing: A large bomb destroys the Los Angeles Times building in downtown Los Angeles, killing 21.

1918 – World War I: Arab forces under T. E. Lawrence, also known as "Lawrence of Arabia", capture Damascus.

1920 – Sir Percy Cox lands in Basra to assume his responsibilities as High Commissioner in Iraq.

1928 – The Soviet Union introduces its First five-year plan.

1931 – The George Washington Bridge linking New Jersey and New York opens.

1931 – Spain adopted women's suffrage.

1936 – Francisco Franco is named head of the Nationalist government of Spain.

1937 – The Japanese city Handa is founded in Aichi Prefecture.

1938 – Germany annexes the Sudetenland.

1939 – After a one-month Siege of Warsaw, the Wehrmacht entered the city, beginning a lengthy occupation.

1940 – The Pennsylvania Turnpike, often considered the first superhighway in the United States, opens to traffic.

1942 – USS Grouper torpedoes Lisbon Maru not knowing she is carrying British PoWs from Hong Kong.

1942 – First flight of the Bell XP-59 "Aircomet".

1943 – World War II: Naples falls to Allied soldiers.

1946 – Nazi leaders are sentenced at Nuremberg trials.

1946 – Daegu October Incident occurs in Allied occupied Korea.

1946 – Mensa International is founded in the United Kingdom.

1947 – The North American F-86 Sabre flies for the first time.

1949 – The People's Republic of China is established and declared by Mao Zedong.

1957 – First appearance of In God we trust on U.S. paper currency.

1958 – NASA is created to replace NACA.

1960 – Nigeria gains independence from the United Kingdom.

1961 – The United States Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) is formed, becoming the country's first centralized military espionage organization.

1961 – East and West Cameroon merge to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon.

1962 – First broadcast of The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson.

1964 – The Free Speech Movement is launched on the campus of University of California, Berkeley.

1964 – Japanese Shinkansen ("bullet trains") begin high-speed rail service from Tokyo to Osaka.

1965 – General Suharto puts down an apparent coup attempt by the 30 September Movement in Indonesia.

1966 – West Coast Airlines Flight 956 crashes with eighteen fatalities and no survivors 5.5 miles south of Wemme, Oregon. This accident marks the first loss of a DC-9.

1968 – The Guyanese government takes over the British Guiana Broadcasting Service (BGBS).

1969 – Concorde breaks the sound barrier for the first time.

1971 – Walt Disney World opens near Orlando, Florida, United States.

1971 – The first brain-scan using x-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is performed at Atkinson Morley Hospital in Wimbledon, London.

1975 – The Seychelles gain internal self-government. The Ellice Islands split from Gilbert Islands and take the name Tuvalu.

1975 – Thrilla in Manila: Muhammad Ali defeats Joe Frazier in a boxing match in Manila, Philippines.

1975 – Al Jackson, Jr. (Booker T. & the M.G.'s), was shot fatally five times in the back in his own home.

1978 – Tuvalu gains independence from the United Kingdom.

1978 – The Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party is founded.

1979 – Pope John Paul II begins his first pastoral visit to the United States.

1979 – The MTR, the rapid transit railway system in Hong Kong, opens.

1979 – The United States returns sovereignty of the Panama Canal to Panama.

1982 – Helmut Kohl replaces Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a constructive vote of no confidence.

1982 – Epcot opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.

1982 – Sony launches the first consumer compact disc player (model CDP-101).

1985 – The Israeli Air Force bombs Palestine Liberation Organization Headquarters in Tunis.

1987 – The Whittier Narrows earthquake shakes the San Gabriel Valley, registering as magnitude 5.9.

1989 – Denmark introduces the world's first legal modern same-sex civil union called "registered partnership".

1991 – The Siege of Dubrovnik begins.

1992 – Cartoon Network begins broadcasting.

1994 – Palau gains independence from the United Nations (trusteeship administered by the United States of America).

2009 – The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom takes over the judicial functions of the House of Lords.

2012 – A ferry collision off the coast of Hong Kong kills 38 people and injures 102 others.

2012 – Domestic and International flights of Thai AirAsia transferred all operations from Suvarnabhumi Airport to Don Mueang International Airport.

2013 – The U.S. federal government shuts down non-essential services after it is unable to pass a budget measure.

Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

Remy, Bishop of Rheims, Confessor     Semi-double

Contemporary Western

Abai (Syrian Orthodox Church)

Bavo of Ghent
Blessed Edward James
Nicetius (Roman Catholic Church)
Remigius
Thérèse of Lisieux

Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran

Eastern Orthodox

October 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

The Protection of Our Most Holy Lady Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary,
      at the Blachernae church in Constantinople (911)

Saint Ananias of Damascus, Bishop and one of the Seventy Apostles (1st century)
Martyr Domninus of Thessalonica (4th century)
King Mirian III of Iberia and Queen Nana of Mtskheta - Equals-of-the-Apostles,
      St. Abiathar of Mtskheta, and St. Sidonia, disciple of St. Nina (4th century)
Venerable Romanos the Melodist, "Sweet-singer" (c. 556)
Monk-Martyrs Michael, Abbot of Zovia Monastery near Sebaste,
      and 36 fathers with him (c. 790)
St. Melchizedek, Catholicos-Patriarch of Georgia (c. 1030)

Saint Piatus of Tournai, he enlightened the areas around Tournai in Belgium
      and Chartres in France (c. 286)
Martyrs Verissimus, Maxima and Julia, in Portugal under Diocletian (c. 302)
Martyrs Aretas, and five-hundred-and-four other martyrs, at Rome
Saint Aladius (Albaud), Bishop of Toul in France. (c. 520)[13]
Saint Bavo of Ghent, penitent and hermit, confessor
      and patron of Haarlem in the Netherlands (659)
Saint Dodo, Abbot of Wallers-en-Faigne (750)
Saint Fidharleus, restorer of the monastery of Rathin in Ireland (762)
Martyr-prince Mylor of Brittany (Melorius)
Saint Virila, Abbot of the Monastery of the Saviour in Leyre in Spain (c. 1000)

Saint Gregory the Singer of the Great Lavra of Mount Athos
      (Gregory Domesticus) (1355)
Saint John Kukuzelis of Mount Athos (1360)
Venerable Sabbas, abbot of Vishera in Novgorod, the Wonderworker (1461)
Saint Domna Slipchenko, Fool-for-Christ, native of Poltava (1872)

New Hieromartyr Alexis Stavrovsky, priest (1918)
New Hieromartyr Michael (Vologodsky), priest of Krasnoyarsk (1920)
New Hieromartyr George (Archangelsky), priest (1937)
New Hieromartyrs Alexander Agafonikov, Gregory, Nicholas Kuligina, priests (1937)
Martyr John Artemov (1937)
New Hieromartyr Archpriest Ismael (Rozhdestvensky)
      of Strelna, St. Petersburg (1938)
New Hieromartyr Theodore (1940)

Commemoration of the Apparition of the Pillar over the Robe
      of the Lord at Mtskheta, Georgia (c. 330)
Translation of the relics of Saint Remigius of Rheims, Apostle to the Franks (533)
Synaxis of the Most-Holy Theotokos Gorgoepikoos ("She who is quick to hear"),
      at the Dochiariou monastery on Mount Athos (1664)[25]
Repose of Hiero-schemamonk Euthemius of Valaam (1829)[8]
Glorification (2008) of Petro Kalnyshevsky (1803),
      Koshovey-Commander of the Zaporozhian Cossacks
      (glorified by the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, Kyivan Patriarchate)

Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos “Pokrov” (Pskov-Protection Icon
      of the Most Holy Theotokos) (1581)
Icon of the Theotokos of Brayiliv-Pochaiv (Brailovska) at Brayiliv near Vinnitsa
Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos Lublin (Liublinsk)[8]
Transfer of the Terebovlya Icon of the Most Holy Mother of God
      from Terebovlya to Lvov (1672)
Icon of the Mother of God of Gerbovets (Herbovetska) (1790, 1859)[29]
Icon of the Mother of God of Kasperov (Kasperivska),
      defended the city of Odessa during the Crimean War (1853-1855)
Icon of the Mother of God of Barsk (Barska) (1887)

Coptic Orthodox

September 30 in history

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Births, Weddings, & Deaths

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Events

489 – Battle of Verona: The Ostrogoths under king Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time at Verona (Northern Italy).

737 – Battle of the Baggage: Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus and capture their baggage train.

1399 – Henry IV is proclaimed King of England.

1541 – Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto and his forces enter Tula territory in present-day western Arkansas, encountering fierce resistance.

1744 – France and Spain defeat the Kingdom of Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo.

1787 – The Columbia leaves Boston in the first U.S. voyage around the world.

1791 – The first performance of The Magic Flute, the last opera by Mozart to make its debut, took place at Freihaus-Theater auf der Wieden in Vienna, Austria.

1791 – The National Constituent Assembly in Paris is dissolved; Parisians hail Maximilien Robespierre and Jérôme Pétion as "incorruptible patriots".

1813 – Battle of Bárbula: Simón Bolívar defeats Santiago Bobadilla.

1846 – Boston dentist William Morton used ether as an anesthetic for the first time as he extracted an ulcerated tooth from merchant Eben Frost.

1860 – Britain's first tram service begins in Birkenhead, Merseyside.

1882 – Thomas Edison's first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation on the Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States.

1888 – Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.

1895 – Madagascar becomes a French protectorate.

1898 – The separate jurisdictions of New York (Manhattan), Brooklyn, the Bronx, Queens, and Staten Island joined together to form a single metropolis: the City of Greater New York.

1903 – The new Gresham's School is officially opened by Field Marshal Sir Evelyn Wood.

1906 – The Royal Galician Academy, Galician language's biggest linguistic authority, starts working in Havana.

1907 – McKinley National Memorial, the final resting place of assassinated U.S. President William McKinley and his family, is dedicated in Canton, Ohio.

1915 – A Serbian Army private becomes the first soldier in history to shoot down an enemy aircraft with ground-to-air fire.

1927 – Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season.

1931 – Start of "Die Voortrekkers" youth movement for Afrikaners in Bloemfontein, South Africa.

1935 – The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.

1938 – At 2:00 am, Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, allowing Germany to occupy the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia, which was widely seen as a concession to prevent another major European war.

1938 – The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".

1939 – General Władysław Sikorski becomes commander-in-chief of the Polish Government in exile.

1939 – NBC broadcasts the first televised American football game between the Waynesburg Yellow Jackets and the Fordham Rams. Fordham won the game 34-7.

1941 – World War II: Holocaust in Kiev, Ukraine: German Einsatzgruppe C complete Babi Yar massacre.

1943 – The United States Merchant Marine Academy (USMMA) at Kings Point, New York was dedicated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

1945 – The Bourne End rail crash, in Hertfordshire, England, kills 43.

1947 – Pakistan and Yemen join the United Nations.

1947 – The World Series, featuring the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers, is televised for the first time.

1949:  The Berlin Airlift came to an end.

1958 – USS Nautilus in New York
after its transit of the North Pole

1954 – The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world's first nuclear reactor powered vessel.

1955 – Film star James Dean dies at age 24 after a car crash near Cholame, California.

1962 – Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the National Farm Workers Association, which later becomes United Farm Workers.

1962 – James Meredith enters the University of Mississippi, defying segregation.

1965 – The Lockheed L-100, the civilian version of the C-130 Hercules, is introduced.

1965 – The 30 September Movement attempts a coup against the Indonesian government, which is crushed by the military under Suharto and leads to a mass anti-communist purge, with over 500,000 people killed.

1965 – Trapped in the Sky, the pilot episode of Gerry Anderson's beloved Thunderbirds, airs on ITV for the first time.

1966 – The British protectorate of Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana. Seretse Khama takes office as the first President.

1967 – BBC Light Programme, Third Programme and Home Service are replaced with BBC Radio 2, 3 and 4 Respectively, BBC Radio 1 is also launched with Tony Blackburn presenting its first show.

1968 – The Boeing 747 is rolled out and shown to the public for the first time at the Boeing Everett Factory.

1970 – Jordan makes a deal with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings.

1972 – Roberto Clemente records the 3,000th and final hit of his career.

1975 – The Hughes (later McDonnell Douglas, now Boeing) AH-64 Apache makes its first flight.

1977 – Because of US budget cuts and dwindling power reserves, the Apollo program's ALSEP experiment packages left on the Moon are shut down.

1979 – The Hong Kong MTR commences service with the opening of its Modified Initial System (aka. Kwun Tong Line).

1980 – Ethernet specifications are published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.

1982 – Cyanide-laced Tylenol kills six people in the Chicago area. Seven are killed in all.

1986 – Mordechai Vanunu, who revealed details of Israel's covert nuclear program to British media, is kidnapped in Rome, Italy by the Israeli Mossad.

1988 – Al Holbert was fatally injured when his privately owned propeller driven Piper PA-60 aircraft crashed shortly after takeoff near Columbus, Ohio when a clamshell door was not closed.

1990 – The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights in Canada's capital city of Ottawa.

1993 – An earthquake hits India's Latur and Osmanabad district of Marathwada (Aurangabad division) in Maharashtra state leaving tens of thousands of people dead and many more homeless.

1994 – Aldwych tube station (originally Strand Station) of the London Underground closes after eighty-eight years in service.

1994 – Ongar railway station, the furthest London Underground from Central London, closes.

1996 – The United States Congress passes an Amendment that bans the possession of firearms for people who were convicted of domestic violence, even misdemeanor level.

1999 – Japan's second-worst nuclear accident at a uranium reprocessing facility in Tōkai-mura, northeast of Tokyo.

2004 – The first images of a live giant squid in its natural habitat are taken 600 miles south of Tokyo.

2004 – The AIM-54 Phoenix, the primary missile for the F-14 Tomcat, is retired from service. Almost two years later, the Tomcat is retired.

2005 – The controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.

2009 – The 2009 Sumatra earthquakes occur, killing over 1,115 people.

Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

Jerome, Priest, Confessor, and Doctor of the Church.     Double
Commemoration of St. Honorius, Archbishop of Canterbury

Contemporary Western

Gregory the Illuminator
Honorius of Canterbury
Jerome

Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran

Eastern Orthodox

September 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Hieromartyr Gregory the Illuminator, Bishop of Greater Armenia (335)
Venerable Gregory, Abbot of Pelshme, Wonderworker of Vologda (1442)
Saint Michael, first Metropolitan of Kiev (992)
Martyrs Rhipsime and Gaiana of Armenia (4th century)
Saint Michael, Prince of Tver (1318)
New martyr Nicholas Zagorovsky (monastic name Seraphim), priest (1943)
Martyr Stratonicus
Martyr Mardonius

Repose of Blessed Jerome (Hieronymus) of Stridonium (420)
Repose of Archimandrite Gerasim of Alaska (1969)

Coptic Orthodox

September 28 in history

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SEP 27      INDEX      SEP 29

________

Births, Weddings, & Deaths

________

Events

48 B.C.:  After landing in Egypt, Roman general and politician Pompey the Great is assassinated on the orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt.

235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He and Hippolytus, church leader of Rome, are exiled to the mines of Sardinia.

351 – Battle of Mursa Major: the Roman Emperor Constantius II defeats the usurper Magnentius.

365 – Roman usurper Procopius bribes two legions passing by Constantinople, and proclaims himself Roman emperor.

935 – Saint Wenceslas is murdered by his brother, Boleslaus I of Bohemia.

995 – Members of Slavník's dynasty – Spytimír, Pobraslav, Pořej and Čáslav are murdered by Boleslaus's son, Boleslaus II the Pious.

1066:  Claiming his right to the English throne, William, duke of Normandy, invades England at Pevensey on Britain's southeast coast. His subsequent defeat of King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings marked the beginning of a new era in British history.

1106 – The Battle of Tinchebray – Henry I of England defeats his brother, Robert Curthose.

1238 – Muslim Valencia surrenders to the besieging King James I of Aragon the Conqueror.

1322 – Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats Frederick I of Austria in the Battle of Mühldorf.

1448 – Christian I is crowned king of Denmark.

1538 – Ottoman–Venetian War: The Ottoman Navy scores a decisive victory over a Holy League fleet in the Battle of Preveza.

1542:  Portuguese explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo sails into present-day San Diego Bay, naming it San Miguel, during the course of his explorations of the northwest shores of Mexico on behalf of Spain. It was the first known European encounter with California.

1634:  John Milton's masque, Comus, was performed for the Earl of Bridgewater, who had been named lord president of Wales and the Marches. The drama was the 25-year-old Milton's first stab at the themes of the struggle between good and evil, which he explored in his masterpiece Paradise Lost.

1779 – American Revolution: Samuel Huntington is elected President of the Continental Congress, succeeding John Jay.

1781:  General George Washington, commanding a force of 17,000 French and Continental troops, began the siege known as the Battle of Yorktown against British General Lord Charles Cornwallis and a contingent of 9,000 British troops at Yorktown, Virginia, in the most important battle of the Revolutionary War.

1787 – The newly completed United States Constitution is voted on by the U.S. Congress to be sent to the state legislatures for approval.

1791 – France becomes the first country to emancipate its Jewish population.

1844 – Oscar I of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Sweden.

1863:  Union Generals Alexander M. McCook and Thomas Crittenden lose their commands and are ordered to Indianapolis, Indiana, to face a court of inquiry following the Federal defeat at the battle of Chickamauga in Georgia.

1867 – Toronto becomes the capital of Ontario.

1868 – Battle of Alcolea causes Queen Isabella II of Spain to flee to France.

1868:  A mob of Democrats massacred nearly 300 African-American Republicans in Opelousas, Louisiana. The savagery began when racist Democrats attacked a newspaper editor, a white Republican and schoolteacher for ex-slaves. Several African-Americans rushed to the assistance of their friend, and in response, Democrats went on a “Negro hunt,” killing every African-American (all of whom were Republicans) in the area they could find.

1871 – Brazilian Parliament passes the Law of the Free Womb, granting freedom to all new children born to slaves, the first major step in the eradication of slavery in Brazil.

1885 – Riots break out in Montreal to protest against compulsory smallpox vaccination.

1889 – The first General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) defines the length of a meter as the distance between two lines on a standard bar of an alloy of platinum with ten percent iridium, measured at the melting point of ice.

1892 – The first night game for American football takes place in a contest between Wyoming Seminary and Mansfield State Normal.

1901 – Philippine–American War: Filipino guerrillas kill more than forty American soldiers while losing 28 of their own, in a surprise attack in the town of Balangiga on Samar Island.

1912 – The Ulster Covenant is signed by half a million Ulster Protestants in opposition to the Third Irish Home Rule Bill.

1912 – Corporal Frank S. Scott of the United States Army becomes the first enlisted man to die in an airplane crash. He and pilot Lt. Lewis C. Rockwell are killed in the crash of an Army Wright Model B at College Park, Maryland.

1918 – World War I: The Fifth Battle of Ypres begins.

1918:  A Liberty Loan parade in Philadelphia prompted a huge outbreak of the flu epidemic in the city. By the time the epidemic ended, an estimated 30 million people were dead worldwide.

1919 – Race riots begin in Omaha, Nebraska, US.

1924 – First round-the-world flight completed.

1928 – The U.K. Parliament passes the Dangerous Drugs Act outlawing cannabis.

1928 – Sir Alexander Fleming notices a bacteria-killing mold growing in his laboratory, discovering what later became known as penicillin.

1939 – Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union agree on a division of Poland after their invasion during World War II.

1939 – Warsaw surrenders to Nazi Germany during World War II.

1941 – The Drama Uprising against the Bulgarian occupation in northern Greece begins.

1944 – Soviet Army troops liberate Klooga concentration camp in Klooga, Estonia.

1950 – Indonesia joins the United Nations.

1951 – CBS makes the first color televisions available for sale to the general public, but the product is discontinued less than a month later.

1956 – RCA Records reports that Elvis Presley has sold over 10 million records.

1958 – France ratifies a new Constitution of France; the French Fifth Republic is then formed upon the formal adoption of the new constitution on October 4. Guinea rejects the new constitution, voting for independence instead.

1959:  One day after concluding their summit meeting in Washington, D.C., Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev and President Dwight D. Eisenhower offer their opinions as to the importance and meaning of their talks. Both men were optimistic that progress had been made in easing Cold War tensions.

1960 – Mali and Senegal join the United Nations.

1961 – A military coup in Damascus effectively ends the United Arab Republic, the union between Egypt and Syria.

1962 – The Paddington tram depot fire destroys 65 trams in Brisbane, Australia.

1963 – Whaam!, now considered Roy Lichtenstein's most important work, debuted at an exhibition held at the Leo Castelli Gallery that lasted until at October 24.

1970 – Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser dies of a heart attack in Cairo. Anwar Sadat is named as Nasser's temporary successor, and will later become the permanent successor.

1971 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom passes the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 banning the medicinal use of cannabis.

1972 – Paul Henderson scores the series-winning goal for Canada in the final minute of the final game of the ice hockey Summit Series between Canada and the Soviet Union.

1973 – The ITT Building in New York City is bombed in protest at ITT's alleged involvement in the September 11, 1973 coup d'état in Chile.

1975 – The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people are taken hostage, takes place in London.

1994:  852 people died in one of the worst maritime disasters of the century when the cruise ferry MS Estonia, a large car-and-passenger ferry, sank in the Baltic Sea.

1995 – Bob Denard and a group of mercenaries take the islands of Comoros in a coup.

1995 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat sign the Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.

1996 – Former president of Afghanistan Mohammad Najibullah is tortured and brutally murdered by the Taliban.

2000 – Al-Aqsa Intifada: Ariel Sharon visits Al-Aqsa Mosque known to Jews as the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.

2006 – Suvarnabhumi Airport opens in Amphoe Bang Phli, Samut Prakan Province from Don Mueang International Airport after the older airport ceased international commercial flights.

2008 – SpaceX launches the first private spacecraft, the Falcon 1 into orbit.

2009 – The military junta leading Guinea, headed by Captain Moussa Dadis Camara, raped, killed, and wounded protesters during a protest rally in a stadium called Stade du 28 Septembre.

2012 – Somali and African Union forces launch a coordinated assault on the Somali port city of Kismayo to take back the city from al-Shabaab militants.

2012 – A Dornier Do 228 light aircraft crashes on the outskirts of the Nepalese capital of Kathmandu, killing 19 people.

2014 – Hong Kong protests : Benny Tai announces that Occupy Central is launched as Hong Kong's government headquarters is being occupied by thousands of protesters. Hong Kong police resort to tear gas to disperse protesters but thousands remain.

Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

Wenceslaus, Duke of Bohemia, Martyr     Semi-double

Contemporary Western

Aaron of Auxerre
Annemund
Conval
Eustochium
Exuperius
Faustus of Riez
Leoba
Lorenzo Ruiz
Paternus of Auch
Simón de Rojas
Wenceslas

Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran

Richard Rolle, Walter Hilton and Margery Kempe (Episcopal Church (USA))

Eastern Orthodox

September 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Venerable Chariton the Confessor, abbot, of Palestine (350)
Martyrdom of Blessed Wenceslas I of Bohemia, Prince of the Czechs (935)
Prophet Baruch (11th century BC)
Martyrs Alexander, Alphius, Zosimas, Mark, Nicon, Neon, Heliodorus,
       and 24 others in Pisidia and Phrygia (4th century)
Saint Alcison, bishop of Nicopolis (Preveza) in Epirus (561)
Saint Leoba, abbess of Tauberbischofsheim, English missionary to Germany (779)
Saint Auxentius the Alaman, Wonderworker of Cyprus (12th century)
Sts. Cyril, schemamonk, and Maria, schemanun (c. 1337),
      parents of St. Sergius of Radonezh
Saint Herodion of Iloezersk, abbot (1541)
Saint Chariton, monk, of Syanzhemsk in Vologda (1509)
Martyr Eustace of Rome
Venerable Cyriacos the Hermit of Palestine (556)

Coptic Orthodox