437 – Emperor Valentinian III begins his reign over the Western Roman Empire. His mother Galla Placidia ends her regency, but continues to exercise political influence at the court in Rome.
626 – Li Shimin, the future Emperor Taizong of Tang, ambushes and kills his rival brothers Li Yuanji and Li Jiancheng in the Xuanwu Gate Incident.
706 – In China, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang inters the bodies of relatives in the Qianling Mausoleum, located on Mount Liang outside Chang'an.
866 – Battle of Brissarthe: The Franks led by Robert the Strong are defeated by a joint Breton-Viking army.
963 – The imperial army proclaims Nikephoros II Phokas Emperor of the Romans on the plains outside Cappadocian Caesarea.
1298 – The Battle of Göllheim is fought between Albert I of Habsburg and Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg.
1494 – The Treaty of Tordesillas is ratified by Spain.
1504 – Bogdan III the One-Eyed becomes Voivode of Moldavia.
1555 – The Ottoman Admiral Turgut Reis sacks the Italian city of Paola.
1561 – Menas, emperor of Ethiopia, defeats a revolt in Emfraz.
1582 – Battle of Yamazaki: Toyotomi Hideyoshi defeats Akechi Mitsuhide.
1613 – The first English expedition from Massachusetts against Acadia led by Samuel Argall takes place.
1644 – English Civil War: The combined forces of the English Parliamentarians and the Scottish Covenanters defeat Royalist forces at the Battle of Marston Moor, one of the largest battles ever fought on English soil.
1698 – Thomas Savery patents the first steam engine.
1776 – The members of the Second Continental Congress voted to accept Richard Henry Lee’s Resolution on Independence, severing ties with the Kingdom of Great Britain, although the wording of the formal Declaration of Independence is not approved until July 4.
1777 – Vermont becomes the first American territory to abolish slavery.
1788 – It was announced in the U.S. Congress that the new Constitution had been ratified by the required nine states, the ninth being New Hampshire.
1816 – The French frigate Méduse struck the Bank of Arguin and 151 people on board had to be evacuated on an improvised raft, a case immortalised by Géricault's painting The Raft of the Medusa.
1822 – Thirty-five slaves are hanged in South Carolina, including Denmark Vesey, after being accused of organizing a slave rebellion.
1823 – Bahia Independence Day: The end of Portuguese rule in Brazil, with the final defeat of the Portuguese crown loyalists in the province of Bahia.
1839 – Twenty miles off the coast of Cuba, 53 rebelling African slaves led by Joseph Cinqué take over the slave ship Amistad.
1839 – Abdülmecid I became Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and Caliph of Islam.
1853 – The Russian Army crossed the Pruth river into the Danubian Principalities, Moldavia and Wallachia—providing the spark that set off the Crimean War.
1863 – The Battle of Gettysburg continued as Confederate General Robert E. Lee launched attacks against each of the Union flanks.
1865 – The East London Christian Mission, which is now the Salvation Army, was founded by Methodist Reform Church minister William Booth and his wife Catherine.
1871 – Victor Emmanuel II of Italy enters Rome after having conquered it from the Papal States.
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| 1880s - Baltimore & Patomac Passenger Terminal (Where Garfield was shot) from whatwasthere.com |
1890 – The U.S. Congress passes the Sherman Antitrust Act.
1897 – Italian scientist Guglielmo Marconi obtains a patent for radio in London.
1900 – The world's first rigid airship is demonstrated by Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin. This first Zeppelin flight took place on Lake Constance near Friedrichshafen, Germany.
1900 – Jean Sibelius' Finlandia receives its première performance in Helsinki with the Helsinki Philharmonic Society conducted by Robert Kajanus.
1901 – Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid robbed a train of $40,000 in Wagner, Montana.
1917 – The East St. Louis riots end.
1921 – World War I: U.S. President Warren G. Harding signs the Knox–Porter Resolution formally ending the war between the United States and Imperial Germany.
1934 – The Night of the Long Knives ends with the death of Ernst Röhm.
1934 – Six-year-old Shirley Temple signs a contract with Fox Film Corp. She went on to become one of the biggest movie stars of the era.
1937 – Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan are last heard from over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first equatorial round-the-world flight. Noonan would be declared dead the following year, and Earhart in 1939.
1940 – Indian independence leader Subhas Chandra Bose is arrested and detained in Calcutta.
1950 – The Golden Pavilion at Kinkaku-ji in Kyoto, Japan burns down.
1962 – The first Wal-Mart store opens for business in Rogers, Arkansas.
1964 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964, meant to prohibit segregation in public places.
1966 – The French military explodes a nuclear test bomb codenamed Aldébaran in Moruroa, their first nuclear test in the Pacific.
1976 – Fall of the Republic of Vietnam; Communist North Vietnam declares their union to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
1986 – Rodrigo Rojas and Carmen Gloria Quintana are burnt alive during a street demonstration against the dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet in Chile.
1986 – The U.S. Supreme Court endorsed numerical hiring goals for minorities, rejecting the Reagan administration view that affirmative action be limited to proven victims of race discrimination.
1990 – A stampede in a pedestrian tunnel at the Muslim holy city of Mecca during the annual hajj killed 1,426 pilgrims.
1993 – South African President F.W de Klerk and African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela announced that the country's first election open to all races would be April 27, 1994.
1994 – A Colombian soccer player Andres Escobar, who inadvertently scored a goal for the United States, contributing to his team's loss in World Cup competition, was shot to death in Medellin, Colombia.
2000 – Vicente Fox Quesada is elected the first President of México from an opposition party, the Partido Acción Nacional, after more than 70 years of continuous rule by the Partido Revolucionario Institucional.
2001 – The AbioCor self-contained artificial heart is first implanted.
2002 – American Steve Fossett completes the first around-the-world nonstop solo flight in a balloon, reaching Queensland in the Australian outback to finish a 13-day, 19,428-mile trip that began in Western Australia.
2004 – Medical reports said post-traumatic stress disorder was appearing in 1-in-6 U.S. soldiers returning from Iraq.
2005 – The Live 8 benefit concerts takes place in the G8 states and in South Africa. More than 1,000 musicians perform and are broadcast on 182 television networks and 2,000 radio networks.
2009 – India's ban on homosexuality, in effect since 1861, was overturned by New Delhi's highest court. On December 11, 2013, India's Supreme Court reinstated the ban, re-criminalizing homosexuality.
2010 – The South Kivu tank truck explosion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo kills at least 230 people.
2013 – The International Astronomical Union names Pluto's fourth and fifth moons, Kerberos and Styx.
2013 – A magnitude 6.1 earthquake strikes Aceh, Indonesia, killing at least 42 people and injuring 420 others.
2013 – In announcing an Affordable Care Act delay, U.S. officials said a mandate that larger employers provide health coverage for their workers, or pay penalties, would not be enforced until 2015.
2014 – U.S. officials announced that security would be tightened for some flights headed to the United States from the Middle East and Europe because intelligence reports indicated an increased threat by terrorists.
2015 – A bridge collapses under a Pakistan Army train at Gujranwala, killing nineteen and injuring over 100.
2015 – A crowded ferry abruptly capsizes just minutes after it left port in Ormoc, Leyte, Philippines, killing 62 of 220 passengers.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Double of the Second Class.
Commemoration of SS. Processus and Martinian, Martyrs.
Contemporary Western
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Saint Juvenal of Jerusalem, Patriarch (458)
Saint Photius of Kiev, metropolitan (1431)
Saint Juvenal, protomartyr of America and Alaska
Saint Monegunda of Chartres in Gaul
Saint Photius of Kiev, metropolitan (1431)
Saint Juvenal, protomartyr of America and Alaska
Saint Monegunda of Chartres in Gaul
Pre-Schism Western Saints
St. Oudaceus, third Bishop of Llandaff in Wales.[1]
St. Swithun, Bishop of Winchester.[1
St. Swithun, Bishop of Winchester.[1
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
New Martyrs and Confessors
Other commemorations
The placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Theotokos at Blachernae
"Akhtyrka" Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos in Kharkiv
Repose of Elder Zachariah of Moscow (1936)
"Akhtyrka" Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos in Kharkiv
Repose of Elder Zachariah of Moscow (1936)
Coptic Orthodox
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