585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of Halys, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from which other dates can be calculated.
621 – Battle of Hulao: Li Shimin, the son of the Chinese emperor Gao Zu, defeats the numerically superior forces of Dou Jiande near the Hulao Pass (Henan). This victory decides the outcome of the civil war that followed the Sui Dynasty's collapse in favour of the Tang Dynasty.
1503 – James IV of Scotland and Margaret Tudor are married according to a papal bull by Pope Alexander VI. A Treaty of Everlasting Peace between Scotland and England signed on that occasion results in a peace that lasts ten years.
1533 – The Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer, declares the marriage of King Henry VIII of England to Anne Boleyn valid.
1588 – The Spanish Armada, with 130 ships and 30,000 men, sets sail from Lisbon, Portugal, heading for the English Channel. (It will take until May 30 for all ships to leave port.)
1644 – Bolton Massacre by Royalist troops under the command of James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby.
1754 – In the first engagement of the French and Indian War, the Battle of Jumonville Glenn, also known as the Jumonville Affair, was fought near what is now Uniontown, in Fayette County, Pennsylvania. A company of Virginia militia under the 22-year-old Lieutenant colonel George Washington, along with a number of Mingo Indian warriors under the leadership of Tanacharison (also known as the “Half King”), ambushed a group of 35 French Canadians under the command of Ensign Joseph Coulon de Jumonville. The Frenchmen were completely surprised by Washington and his men, and after only fifteen minutes of fighting, thirteen Frenchmen were dead and twenty-one were captured including Jumonville.
1830 – U.S. President Andrew Jackson signs the Indian Removal Act which provided for the forcible relocation of Native Americans, resulting in ethnic cleansing such as the Trail of Tears.
1863: After muster into federal service on May 13, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment, made up of freed blacks, left Boston to fight for the Union in the Civil War.
1871 – Fall of the Paris Commune.
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| Teddy Roosevelt and John Muir, 1906 from whatwasthere.com |
1900 – Gare d'Orsay railway station is inaugurated in Paris.
1905 – Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of Tsushima ends with the destruction of the Russian Baltic Fleet by Admiral Tōgō Heihachirō and the Imperial Japanese Navy.
1907 – The first Isle of Man TT race was held.
1918 – The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and the First Republic of Armenia declare their independence.
1923 – The Attorney General states it is legal for women to wear trousers anywhere.
1926 – 28 May 1926 coup d'état: Ditadura Nacional is established in Portugal to suppress the unrest of the First Republic.
1932 – In the Netherlands, construction of the Afsluitdijk is completed and the Zuiderzee bay is converted to the freshwater IJsselmeer.
1934 – Near Callander, Ontario, Canada, the Dionne quintuplets are born to Oliva and Elzire Dionne; they will be the first quintuplets to survive infancy.
1936 – Alan Turing submits On Computable Numbers for publication.
1936 – Klaipėda Radio Station begins regular broadcasting.
1937 – The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California, is officially opened by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in Washington, D.C., who pushes a button signaling the start of vehicle traffic over the span.
1937 – Volkswagen (VW), the German automobile manufacturer is founded.
1940 – World War II: Belgium surrenders to Nazi Germany to end the Battle of Belgium.
1940 – World War II: Norwegian, French, Polish and British forces recapture Narvik in Norway. This is the first allied infantry victory of the War.
1942 – World War II: in retaliation for the assassination attempt on Reinhard Heydrich, Nazis in Czechoslovakia kill over 1,800 people.
1948 – Daniel François Malan is elected as Prime Minister of South Africa. He later goes on to implement Apartheid.
1951 – The British radio comedy program The Goon Show is broadcast on the BBC for the first time.
1951 – Hall-of-famer Willie Mays connects for his first Major League home run after going hitless in 12 at-bats.
1952 – The women of Greece are granted the right to vote.
1958 – Cuban Revolution: Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement, heavily reinforced by Frank Pais Militia, overwhelm an army post in El Uvero.
1961 – Peter Benenson's article The Forgotten Prisoners is published in several internationally read newspapers. This will later be thought of as the founding of the human rights organization Amnesty International.
1964 – The Palestine Liberation Organization is formed.
1974 – Northern Ireland's power-sharing Sunningdale Agreement collapses following a general strike by loyalists.
1975 – Fifteen West African countries sign the Treaty of Lagos, creating the Economic Community of West African States.
1977 – In Southgate, Kentucky, the Beverly Hills Supper Club is engulfed in fire, killing 165 people inside.
1979 – Konstantinos Karamanlis signs the full treaty of the accession of Greece with the European Economic Community.
1987 – West German pilot Mathias Rust, who was 18 years old, evades Soviet Union air defenses and lands a private plane in the Red Square in Moscow, Russia. He is immediately detained and would not be released until August 3, 1988.
1991 – The capital city of Addis Ababa falls to the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front, ending both the Derg regime in Ethiopia and the Ethiopian Civil War.
1993 – Eritrea and Monaco join the United Nations.
1995 – The Russian town of Neftegorsk is hit by a 7.6 magnitude earthquake that kills at least 2,000 people, half of the total population.
1996 – U.S. President Bill Clinton's former business partners in the Whitewater land deal, Jim McDougal and Susan McDougal, and the Governor of Arkansas Jim Guy Tucker, are convicted of fraud.
1998 – Nuclear testing: Pakistan responds to a series of nuclear tests by India with five of its own codenamed Chagai-I, prompting the United States, Japan, and other nations to impose economic sanctions. Pakistan celebrates Youm-e-Takbir annually.
1999 – In Milan, Italy, after 22 years of restoration work, Leonardo da Vinci's masterpiece The Last Supper is put back on display.
2002 – The last steel girder is removed from the original World Trade Center site. Cleanup duties officially end with closing ceremonies at Ground Zero in Manhattan, New York City.
2002 – NATO declares Russia a limited partner in the Western alliance.
2002 – The Mars Odyssey finds signs of large ice deposits on the planet Mars.
2003 – Peter Hollingworth becomes the first Governor-General of Australia to resign his office as a result of criticism of his conduct.
2004 – The Iraqi Governing Council chooses Ayad Allawi, a longtime anti-Saddam Hussein exile, as prime minister of Iraq's interim government.
2008 – The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly of Nepal formally declares Nepal a republic, ending the 240-year reign of the Shah dynasty.
2010 – In West Bengal, India, a train derailment and subsequent collision kills 141 passengers.
2011 – Malta votes on the introduction of divorce.
2012 – The discovery of Flame, a complex malware program targeting computers in Middle Eastern countries, is announced.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Contemporary Western
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Hieromartyr Eutychius of Melitene, Bishop of Melitene (1st c.)
Woman martyr Heliconis of Thessalonica (244)
Saint Alexander, Bishop of Thessalonica (4th c.)
Hieromartyr Helladius of the East, bishop (6th-7th c.)
Saint Nicetas the Confessor, Archbishop of Chalcedon (early 9th c.)
Blessed Andrew of Constantinople, Fool-for-Christ of Constantinople (911)
Venerable Virgin-Martyr Philothea (Philothea of Pamphylia), Wonderworker
Woman martyr Heliconis of Thessalonica (244)
Saint Alexander, Bishop of Thessalonica (4th c.)
Hieromartyr Helladius of the East, bishop (6th-7th c.)
Saint Nicetas the Confessor, Archbishop of Chalcedon (early 9th c.)
Blessed Andrew of Constantinople, Fool-for-Christ of Constantinople (911)
Venerable Virgin-Martyr Philothea (Philothea of Pamphylia), Wonderworker
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Martyrs Crescens, Paul, Dioscorides and Helladius, of Rome (244)
Martyrs Aemilius, Felix, Priamus, and Lucian, in Sardinia
Saint Senator of Milan, Bishop of Milan, (480)
Hieromartyr Caraunus (Ceraunus, Cheron), Deacon, near Chartres (5th c.)
Saint Justus of Urgell, first recorded Bishop of Urgell, in Catalonia in Spain (527)
Saint Germain of Paris (Germanus), Bishop (576)
Saint William of Gellone, built a monastery at Gellone in France, later named
Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert (812)
Saint Podius, Bishop of Florence from 990, and Confessor (1002)
Martyrs Aemilius, Felix, Priamus, and Lucian, in Sardinia
Saint Senator of Milan, Bishop of Milan, (480)
Hieromartyr Caraunus (Ceraunus, Cheron), Deacon, near Chartres (5th c.)
Saint Justus of Urgell, first recorded Bishop of Urgell, in Catalonia in Spain (527)
Saint Germain of Paris (Germanus), Bishop (576)
Saint William of Gellone, built a monastery at Gellone in France, later named
Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert (812)
Saint Podius, Bishop of Florence from 990, and Confessor (1002)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Saint Ignatius of Rostov, Bishop and Wonderworker (1288)
Saint Gerontius, Metropolitan of Moscow (1489)
Venerable Sophronius of Bulgaria, Monk (1510)
New Martyr Demetrius (Mitros) of Tripolitsa (1794)
New Hieromartyr Zachariah, Priest of Prusa (1802)
Saint Helen Manturova, Nun of Diveyevo (1832)
Blessed Domnica (Likvinenko), Ascetic of Cherson (1967)
Saint Gerontius, Metropolitan of Moscow (1489)
Venerable Sophronius of Bulgaria, Monk (1510)
New Martyr Demetrius (Mitros) of Tripolitsa (1794)
New Hieromartyr Zachariah, Priest of Prusa (1802)
Saint Helen Manturova, Nun of Diveyevo (1832)
Blessed Domnica (Likvinenko), Ascetic of Cherson (1967)
New Martyrs and Confessors
Hieromartyrs Macarius Morzhov, and Nicholas Aristov (Deacon) (1931)
Martyrs Dionisius Petushkov, Ignatius Markov and Peter Yudin (1931)
Hieromartyr Heraclius Motyah, Confessor (1936)
Hieromartyr Basil Preobrazhensky, Priest (1940)
Hieromartyr Hermogenes Kadomtsev (1942)
Martyrs Dionisius Petushkov, Ignatius Markov and Peter Yudin (1931)
Hieromartyr Heraclius Motyah, Confessor (1936)
Hieromartyr Basil Preobrazhensky, Priest (1940)
Hieromartyr Hermogenes Kadomtsev (1942)
Other commemorations
Icon of the Mother of God of Nicea (304)
Icon of the Mother of God "the Unbreakable Wall"
Icon of the Mother of God the "Softener of Evil Hearts"
Synaxis of the Galich "Umilenie-Tenderness" Icon of the Mother of God (1350)
Icon of the Mother of God "the Unbreakable Wall"
Icon of the Mother of God the "Softener of Evil Hearts"
Synaxis of the Galich "Umilenie-Tenderness" Icon of the Mother of God (1350)
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