553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins.
1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta.
1260 – Kublai Khan becomes ruler of the Mongol Empire.
1494 – Christopher Columbus lands on the island of Jamaica and claims it for Spain.
1640 – King Charles I of England dissolves the Short Parliament.
1762 – Russia and Prussia sign the Treaty of St. Petersburg.
1778 – Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben is appointed Inspector General of the Continental Army by George Washington.
1789 – In France, the Estates-General convenes for the first time since 1614.
1809 – Mary Kies becomes the first woman awarded a U.S. patent, for a technique of weaving straw with silk and thread.
1809 – The Swiss canton of Aargau denies citizenship to Jews.
1811 – In the second day of fighting at the Peninsular War Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro the French army, under Marshall André Masséna, drive in the Duke of Wellington's overextended right flank, but French frontal assaults fail to take the town of Fuentes de Oñoro and the Anglo-Portuguese army holds the field at the end of the day.
1821 – Emperor Napoleon I dies in exile on the island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean.
1835 – In Belgium, the first railway in continental Europe opens between Brussels and Mechelen.
1860 – Giuseppe Garibaldi sets sail from Genoa, leading the expedition of the Thousand to conquer the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and giving birth to the Kingdom of Italy.
1862 – Cinco de Mayo: Troops led by Ignacio Zaragoza halt a French invasion in the Battle of Puebla in Mexico. More widely observed in the US than Mexico, the day has evolved into a celebration of Mexican-American culture.
1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of the Wilderness begins in Spotsylvania County near Fredericksburg, Virginia.
1865 – American Civil War: The Confederate District of the Gulf surrenders about 4,000 men at Citronelle, Alabama.
1865 – In North Bend, Ohio (a suburb of Cincinnati), the first train robbery in the United States takes place.
1865 – American Civil War: The Confederate government was declared dissolved at Washington, Georgia.
1866 – Memorial Day first celebrated in United States at Waterloo, New York.
1877 – American Indian Wars: Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota into Canada to avoid harassment by the United States Army under Colonel Nelson Miles. Crazy Horse surrenders to the U.S. Army at the Red Cloud Agency near Fort Robinson, Nebraska.
1886 – The Bay View Massacre: A militia fires into a crowd of protesters in Milwaukee, killing seven.
1891 – The Music Hall in New York City (later known as Carnegie Hall) has its grand opening and first public performance, with Tchaikovsky as the guest conductor.
1904 – Pitching against the Philadelphia Athletics at the Huntington Avenue Grounds, Cy Young of the Boston Americans throws the first perfect game in the modern era of baseball.
1905 – The trial in the Stratton Brothers case begins in London, England; it marks the first time that fingerprint evidence is used to gain a conviction for murder.
1912 – Pravda, the "voice" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, begins publication in Saint Petersburg. Vladimir Lenin decided to make Pravda its official mouthpiece. The paper was shifted from Vienna to St. Petersburg and the first issue under Lenin's leadership was published (April 22, 1912 OS).
1925 – Scopes Trial: Schoolteacher John T. Scopes is served an arrest warrant in Tennessee charging him with violating the Butler Act, a state law that prohibited teaching the theory of evolution. (Scopes was found guilty, but his conviction was later set aside.)
1925 – The government of South Africa declares Afrikaans an official language.
1934 – The first Three Stooges short, Woman Haters, is released.
1936 – Italian troops occupy Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
1940 – World War II: Norwegian refugees form a government-in-exile in London.
1940 – World War II: Norwegian Campaign: Norwegian squads in Hegra Fortress and Vinjesvingen capitulate to German forces after all other Norwegian forces in southern Norway had laid down their arms.
1941 – Emperor Haile Selassie returns to Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; the country commemorates the date as Liberation Day or Patriots' Victory Day.
1944 – German troops execute 216 civilians in the village of Kleisoura in Greece.
1945 – World War II: The Prague uprising begins as an attempt by the Czech resistance to free the city from German occupation.
1945 – World War II: Six people are killed when a Japanese fire balloon explodes near Bly, Oregon. They are the only Americans killed in the continental US during the war.
1946 – The International Military Tribunal for the Far East begins in Tokyo with twenty-eight Japanese military and government officials accused of war crimes and crimes against humanity.
1949 – The Treaty of London establishes the Council of Europe in Strasbourg as the first European institution working for European integration.
1950 – Bhumibol Adulyadej is crowned King Rama IX of Thailand.
1955 – West Germany gains full sovereignty.
1961 – The Mercury program: Mercury-Redstone 3: Alan Shepard became the first American in space when the Freedom 7 spacecraft blasted off from Florida on a sub-orbital flight.
1964 – The Council of Europe declares May 5 as Europe Day.
1965 – The Warlocks, later known as The Grateful Dead, make their first public appearance in Menlo Park, California.
1972 – Alitalia Flight 112 crashes into Mount Longa near Palermo, Sicily, killing all 115 aboard, making it the deadliest single-aircraft disaster in Italy.
1973 – Secretariat wins the 1973 Kentucky Derby in 1:59 2/5, a still standing record.
1977 – The first of The Nixon Interviews between David Frost and Richard Nixon are broadcast.
1980 – Operation Nimrod: The British Special Air Service storms the Iranian embassy in London after a six-day siege.
1981 – Bobby Sands dies in the Long Kesh prison hospital after 66 days of hunger-striking, aged 27.
1985 – Bitburg and Bergen-Belsen: Ronald Reagan visits the military cemetery at Bitburg, Germany, and the site of the Nazi concentration camp, Bergen-Belsen, where he makes a speech.
1987 – Iran–Contra affair: Start of Congressional televised hearings in the United States of America.
1991 – A riot breaks out in the Mt. Pleasant section of Washington, D.C. after police shoot a Salvadoran man.
1994 – The signing of the Bishkek Protocol between Armenia and Azerbaijan effectively freezes the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
1994 – American teenager Michael P. Fay is caned in Singapore for theft and vandalism.
2006 – The government of Sudan signs an accord with the Sudan Liberation Army.
2010 – Mass protests in Greece erupt in response to austerity measures imposed by the government as a result of the Greek debt crisis.
2014 – 11 people are missing after a Chinese cargo ship collides with a Marshall Islands registered container ship off the coast of Hong Kong.
2014 – 22 people die after two boats carrying illegal immigrants collide in the Aegean Sea off the coast of Greece.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Katherine of Sienna, Virgin. Double.
Contemporary Western
Angelus of Jerusalem
Blessed Edmund Ignatius Rice
Hilary of Arles
Jutta of Kulmsee
Stanisław Kazimierczyk
Blessed Edmund Ignatius Rice
Hilary of Arles
Jutta of Kulmsee
Stanisław Kazimierczyk
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Frederick the Wise (Lutheran)
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Great Virgin-martyr Irene of Thessaloniki (4th c.)
Martyrs Irenaeus, Pellegrinus and Irene, at Thessaloniki (284–305)
Martyrs Neophytus, Gaius, and Gaianus
Saint Eulogius the Confessor, bishop of Edessa (c. 386)
Saints Martin and Heraclius, of Illyria (4th c.)
Saint Euthymius the Wonderworker, bishop of Madytos on the Hellespont (c. 990)
Martyrs Irenaeus, Pellegrinus and Irene, at Thessaloniki (284–305)
Martyrs Neophytus, Gaius, and Gaianus
Saint Eulogius the Confessor, bishop of Edessa (c. 386)
Saints Martin and Heraclius, of Illyria (4th c.)
Saint Euthymius the Wonderworker, bishop of Madytos on the Hellespont (c. 990)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Martyr Jovinian, the lector of St. Peregrine of Auxerre (c. 304)
Saint Brito (Britonius) (386)
Saint Nectarius of Vienne, bishop of Vienne (c. 445)
Saint Nicetus of Vienne, fifteenth bishop of Vienne (c. 449)
Saint Hilarion, Archbishop of Arles (449)
Saint Geruntius of Milan (470)
Martyr Crescentiana of Rome (5th c.)
Saint Hydrock (Hydroc) of Cornwall (5th c.)
Saint Sacerdos of Saguntum (c. 560)
Saint Waldrada, first abbess of Saint-Pierre-aux-Nonnains in Metz
in France (c. 620)
Saint Maurontius of Douai (Maurontus, Mauront), founded monastery
at Breuil-sur-lys near Douai, of which he is the patron-saint (701)
Saint Echa of Crayke, (Etha), Anglo-Saxon priest and monk-hermit
at Crayke, near York, England (767)
Saint Brito (Britonius) (386)
Saint Nectarius of Vienne, bishop of Vienne (c. 445)
Saint Nicetus of Vienne, fifteenth bishop of Vienne (c. 449)
Saint Hilarion, Archbishop of Arles (449)
Saint Geruntius of Milan (470)
Martyr Crescentiana of Rome (5th c.)
Saint Hydrock (Hydroc) of Cornwall (5th c.)
Saint Sacerdos of Saguntum (c. 560)
Saint Waldrada, first abbess of Saint-Pierre-aux-Nonnains in Metz
in France (c. 620)
Saint Maurontius of Douai (Maurontus, Mauront), founded monastery
at Breuil-sur-lys near Douai, of which he is the patron-saint (701)
Saint Echa of Crayke, (Etha), Anglo-Saxon priest and monk-hermit
at Crayke, near York, England (767)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Saints Barlaam of Serpukhov, and Gideon of Serpukhov (1377)
New Monk-martyr Ephraim of Nea Makri (1426)
Saint Adrian, abbot of Monza Monastery (1619)
New Monk-martyr Ephraim of Nea Makri (1426)
Saint Adrian, abbot of Monza Monastery (1619)
New Martyrs and Confessors
New Hieromartyr Nicholas, priest (1919)
New Hieromartyr Platon of Banja Luka (Platon Jovanovic) (1941)
New Hieromartyr Platon of Banja Luka (Platon Jovanovic) (1941)
Other commemorations
Translation of the relics (980) of Saint Aldhelm, Bishop of Sherborne (709)
Uncovering of the relics (1613) of Saint James of Zheleznoborov,
Abbot of Zhelezny Bor (1442)
Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos "Inexhaustible Cup" (1878)
Uncovering of the relics (1613) of Saint James of Zheleznoborov,
Abbot of Zhelezny Bor (1442)
Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos "Inexhaustible Cup" (1878)
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