28 BCE – A sunspot is observed by Han Dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China.
70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, opens a full-scale assault on Jerusalem and attacks the city's Third Wall to the northwest.
1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England pending the selection of a king.
1497 – Amerigo Vespucci allegedly leaves Cádiz for his first voyage to the New World.
1503 – Christopher Columbus visits the Cayman Islands and names them Las Tortugas after the numerous turtles there.
1534 – Jacques Cartier visits Newfoundland.
1655 – England, with troops under the command of Admiral William Penn and General Robert Venables, annexes Jamaica from Spain.
1768 – John Wilkes is imprisoned for writing an article for The North Briton severely criticizing King George III. This action provokes rioting in London.
1773 – The Parliament of Great Britain passes the Tea Act, designed to save the British East India Company by granting it a monopoly on the North American tea trade.
1774 – Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette become King and Queen of France.
1775 – American Revolutionary War: A small Colonial militiamen known as the Green Mountain Boys under the command of Ethan Allen and Colonel Benedict Arnold attacked and captured British held Fort Ticonderoga. Located at the base of Lake Champlain in Upstate New York, Fort Ticonderoga was one of the most important outposts in the American interior. The side that controlled it essentially controlled all the comings and goings from Lake Champlain or from the Hudson River.
1775 – American Revolutionary War: Representatives from the Thirteen Colonies begin the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia.
1796 – War of the First Coalition: Napoleon I of France wins a decisive victory against Austrian forces at Lodi bridge over the Adda River in Italy. The Austrians lose some 2,000 men.
1801 – First Barbary War: The Barbary pirates of Tripoli declare war on the United States of America.
1823: The first steamboat to navigate the Mississippi River arrives at Fort Snelling.
1824 – The National Gallery in London opens to the public.
1833 – The desecration of the grave of the viceroy of southern Vietnam Lê Văn Duyệt by Emperor Minh Mạng provokes his adopted son to start a revolt.
1837 – Panic of 1837: New York City banks fail, and unemployment reaches record levels.
1849 – Astor Place Riot: A riot breaks out at the Astor Opera House in Manhattan, New York City over a dispute between actors Edwin Forrest and William Charles Macready, killing at least 25 and injuring over 120.
1857 – Indian Rebellion of 1857: In India, the first war of Independence begins. Sepoys mutiny against their commanding officers at Meerut.
1863 – American Civil War: Confederate General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson dies eight days after he is accidentally shot by his own troops.
1864 – American Civil War: Colonel Emory Upton leads a 10-regiment "Attack-in-depth" assault against the Confederate works at The Battle of Spotsylvania, which, though ultimately unsuccessful, would provide the idea for the massive assault against the Bloody Angle on May 12. Upton is slightly wounded but is immediately promoted to Brigadier general.
1865 – American Civil War: President Jefferson Davis of the Confederate States of America is captured by Union troops near Irwinville, Georgia.
1865 – American Civil War: In Kentucky, Union soldiers ambush and mortally wound Confederate raider William Quantrill, who lingers until his death on June 6.
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| 1869 - East and West Shaking Hands at Laying Last Rail, Promontory, UT. from whatwasthere.com |
1872 – Victoria Woodhull becomes the first woman nominated for President of the United States.
1876 – The Centennial Exposition is opened in Philadelphia by U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant and Brazilian Emperor Dom Pedro II.
1877 – Romania declares itself independent from the Ottoman Empire following the Senate adoption of Mihail Kogălniceanu's Declaration of Independence. Recognized on March 26, 1881 after the end of the Romanian War of Independence.
1893 – The Supreme Court of the United States rules in Nix v. Hedden that a tomato is a vegetable, not a fruit, under the Tariff Act of 1883.
1904 – The Horch & Cir. Motorwagenwerke AG is founded.
1908 – Mother's Day is observed for the first time in the United States, in Grafton, West Virginia.
1913 – The U.S. House of Representatives passed a resolution calling upon all federal officials, from the president on down, to wear a white carnation the following day in observance of Mother’s Day.
1916 – Sailing in the lifeboat James Caird, Ernest Shackleton arrives at South Georgia after a journey of 800 nautical miles from Elephant Island.
1922 – The United States annexes the Kingman Reef.
1924 – J. Edgar Hoover is appointed first Director of the United States' Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and remains so until his death in 1972.
1933 – Censorship: In Germany, the Nazis stage massive public book burnings.
1940 – World War II: German fighters accidentally bomb the German city of Freiburg.
1940 – World War II: German raids on British shipping convoys and military airfields begin.
1940 – World War II: Germany invades Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.
1940 – World War II: Winston Churchill is appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom following the resignation of Neville Chamberlain.
1940 – World War II: Invasion of Iceland by the United Kingdom.
1941 – World War II: The House of Commons in London is damaged by the Luftwaffe in an air raid.
1941 – World War II: Rudolf Hess parachutes into Scotland to try to negotiate a peace deal between the United Kingdom and Nazi Germany.
1942 – World War II: The Thai Phayap Army invades the Shan States during the Burma Campaign.
1946 – First successful launch of an American V-2 rocket at White Sands Proving Ground.
1948 – The Republic of China implements "temporary provisions" granting President Chiang Kai-shek extended powers to deal with the Communist uprising; they will remain in effect until 1991.
1954 – Bill Haley & His Comets release "Rock Around the Clock", the first rock and roll record to reach number one on the Billboard charts.
1960 – The nuclear submarine USS Triton completes Operation Sandblast, the first underwater circumnavigation of the earth.
1960: John F. Kennedy wins the presidential primary in West Virginia.
1962 – Marvel Comics publishes the first issue of The Incredible Hulk.
1969 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Dong Ap Bia begins with an assault on Hill 937. It will ultimately become known as Hamburger Hill.
1970 – Bobby Orr scores "The Goal" to win the 1970 Stanley Cup Finals, for the Boston Bruins' fourth NHL championship in their history.
1972 – First flight of the Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II (a.k.a. "Warthog").
1975 – Sony introduces the Betamax videocassette recorder in Japan.
1979 – The Federated States of Micronesia become self-governing.
1981 – François Mitterrand wins the presidential election and becomes the first Socialist President of France in the French Fifth Republic.
1993 – In Thailand, a fire at the Kader Toy Factory kills 156 workers.
1994 – Nelson Mandela is inaugurated as South Africa's first black president.
1997 – A 7.3 Mw earthquake strikes Iran's Khorasan Province, killing 1,567, injuring over 2,300, leaving 50,000 homeless, and damaging or destroying over 15,000 homes.
1997 – The Maeslantkering, a storm surge barrier in the Netherlands that is one of the world's largest moving structures, is opened by Queen Beatrix.
2002 – F.B.I. agent Robert Hanssen is sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for selling United States secrets to Moscow for $1.4 million in cash and diamonds.
2005 – A hand grenade thrown by Vladimir Arutinian lands about 65 feet (20 meters) from U.S. President George W. Bush while he is giving a speech to a crowd in Tbilisi, Georgia, but it malfunctions and does not detonate.
2008 – An EF4 tornado strikes the Oklahoma–Kansas state line, killing 21 people and injuring over 100.
2012 – The Damascus bombings are carried out using a pair of car bombs detonated by suicide bombers outside of a military intelligence complex in Damascus, Syria, killing 55 people and injuring 400 others
2013 – One World Trade Center becomes the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Antoine, Archbishop of Florence, Confessor. Double.
Commemorationof SS.Gordian and Epimachus, Martyrs.
Contemporary Western
Alphius, Philadelphus and Cyrinus
Aurelian of Limoges
Calepodius
Catald
Comgall
Damien of Molokai
Gordianus and Epimachus
John of Ávila
Solange
Aurelian of Limoges
Calepodius
Catald
Comgall
Damien of Molokai
Gordianus and Epimachus
John of Ávila
Solange
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Saint Simon the Zealot, Apostle (1st c.)
Martyr Hesychius the Palatine of Antioch (c. 304)
Saint Isidora the Fool-for-Christ, of Tabennisi, Egypt (c. 365)
Saint Isidore of Alexandria (319-404), Hieromonk and Hospitaller
(hospital administrator) (404)
Venerable Passarion the Presbyter (Passarion of Palestine),
Agapius and Philemon (mid-5th c.)
Blessed Thais (Taisia) of Egypt (5th c.)
Saint Laurence of Egypt, monk (6th c.)
Martyr Hesychius the Palatine of Antioch (c. 304)
Saint Isidora the Fool-for-Christ, of Tabennisi, Egypt (c. 365)
Saint Isidore of Alexandria (319-404), Hieromonk and Hospitaller
(hospital administrator) (404)
Venerable Passarion the Presbyter (Passarion of Palestine),
Agapius and Philemon (mid-5th c.)
Blessed Thais (Taisia) of Egypt (5th c.)
Saint Laurence of Egypt, monk (6th c.)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Martyrs Calepodius, Palmatius, Simplicius, Felix, Blanda
and Companions (c. 222-232)
Martyrs Alphius, Philadelphus, Cyprian, at Lentini in Sicily (251)
Martyrs Erasmus, Onesimus, and 14 other martyrs, in Sicily (251)
Saint Aurelian of Limoges, Disciple of St Martial of Limoges in France (3rd c.)
Martyrs Quartus and Quintus, two citizens of Capua who were condemned
and executed in Rome
Saint Comgall, founder and abbot of Bangor (602)
Saint Cataldus, born in Munster in Ireland, became a monk at Lismore,
then Bishop of Taranto; renowned for miracles (7th c.)
Virgin-martyr Solangia (Solange) (880)
and Companions (c. 222-232)
Martyrs Alphius, Philadelphus, Cyprian, at Lentini in Sicily (251)
Martyrs Erasmus, Onesimus, and 14 other martyrs, in Sicily (251)
Saint Aurelian of Limoges, Disciple of St Martial of Limoges in France (3rd c.)
Martyrs Quartus and Quintus, two citizens of Capua who were condemned
and executed in Rome
Saint Comgall, founder and abbot of Bangor (602)
Saint Cataldus, born in Munster in Ireland, became a monk at Lismore,
then Bishop of Taranto; renowned for miracles (7th c.)
Virgin-martyr Solangia (Solange) (880)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Saint Simon of Vladimir and Suzdal (Kiev Caves), Bishop (1226)
Venerable Laurence, monastic founder at Mt. Pelion in Volos (late 14th c.)
Blessed Simon of Yurievits and Zharki, Fool-for-Christ (1584)
Saint Eustathios of Crimea (1745-1759), martyred in Theodosia, Crimea (1759)
Saint Synesius of Irkutsk (1787)
Eldress Taisia (Thaisia) of Voronezh (1840)
Hieromonk Andrew (Abramius in Schema) of Whitehoof Convent (1902)
Venerable Laurence, monastic founder at Mt. Pelion in Volos (late 14th c.)
Blessed Simon of Yurievits and Zharki, Fool-for-Christ (1584)
Saint Eustathios of Crimea (1745-1759), martyred in Theodosia, Crimea (1759)
Saint Synesius of Irkutsk (1787)
Eldress Taisia (Thaisia) of Voronezh (1840)
Hieromonk Andrew (Abramius in Schema) of Whitehoof Convent (1902)
Other commemorations
The passage of the relics (1087) of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker
through the island of Zakynthos, while on their way to Bari
Translation of the relics (1670) of the blessed martyr Basil of Mangazea
in Siberia (1602)
"Kiev-Bratskaya" Icon of the Mother of God (1654)
Slaying of Soldier Eugene Rodionov in Chechnya (May 23, 1996)
through the island of Zakynthos, while on their way to Bari
Translation of the relics (1670) of the blessed martyr Basil of Mangazea
in Siberia (1602)
"Kiev-Bratskaya" Icon of the Mother of God (1654)
Slaying of Soldier Eugene Rodionov in Chechnya (May 23, 1996)
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