1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire.
1598 – Henry IV of France issues the Edict of Nantes, allowing freedom of religion to the Huguenots.
1612 – Miyamoto Musashi defeats Sasaki Kojirō at Funajima island.
1613 – Samuel Argall captures Native American princess Pocahontas in Passapatanzy, Virginia to ransom her for some English prisoners held by her father. She is brought to Henricus as hostage.
1699 – Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the Tenth Sikh Guru, Created Khalsa on this day at Anandpur Sahib, Punjab.
1742 – George Frideric Handel's oratorio Messiah makes its world-premiere in Dublin, Ireland.
1777 – American Revolutionary War: American forces are ambushed and defeated in the Battle of Bound Brook, New Jersey.
1796 – The first elephant ever seen in the United States arrives from India.
1829 – The Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 gives Roman Catholics in the United Kingdom the right to vote and to sit in Parliament.
1849 – Hungary becomes a republic.
1860 – The first Pony Express reaches Sacramento, California.
1861 – American Civil War: Fort Sumter surrenders to Confederate forces.
1865 – American Civil War: Raleigh, North Carolina is occupied by Union Forces.
1868 – British Expedition to Abyssinia: British and Indian troops capture Maqdala.
1870 – The New York City Metropolitan Museum of Art is founded.
1873 – Colfax massacre: More than 60 African Americans are murdered in Colfax, Louisiana
1902 – James C. Penney opens his first store in Kemmerer, Wyoming.
1909 – The Turkish military reverses the Ottoman countercoup of 1909 to force the overthrow of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.
1919 – The establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.
1919 – Jallianwala Bagh massacre: British troops gun down at least 379 unarmed demonstrators in Amritsar, India; at least 1200 are wounded.
1919 – Eugene V. Debs is imprisoned at the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary in Atlanta, Georgia, for speaking out against the draft during World War I.
1941 – A Pact of neutrality between the USSR and Japan is signed.
1943 – World War II: The discovery of mass graves of Polish prisoners of war killed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre is announced, causing a diplomatic rift between the Polish government in exile in London from the Soviet Union, which denies responsibility.
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The Jefferson Memorial attracts
thousands of people each year. |
1944 – Diplomatic relations between New Zealand and the Soviet Union are established.
1945 – World War II: German troops kill more than 1,000 political and military prisoners in Gardelegen, Germany.
1945 – World War II: Soviet and Bulgarian forces capture Vienna, Austria.
1948 – The Hadassah medical convoy massacre: In an ambush, 79 Jewish doctors, nurses and medical students from Hadassah Hospital and a British soldier are massacred by Arabs in Sheikh Jarra near Jerusalem.
1953 – CIA director Allen Dulles launches the mind-control program Project MKUltra.
1958 – Cold War: American Van Cliburn wins the inaugural International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow.
1960 – The United States launches Transit 1-B, the world's first satellite navigation system.
1961: UN General Assembly condemned South Africa for apartheid.
1964 – At the Academy Awards, Sidney Poitier becomes the first African-American male to win the Best Actor award for the 1963 film Lilies of the Field. Poitier grew up in poverty in the Bahamas and his first months in New York were so poor, he slept in the bus station men’s room.
1965: Lawrence Wallace Bradford Jr., age 16, was appointed by New York Republican Jacob Javits to be the first black page of the U.S. Senate.
1970 – Apollo 13, four-fifths of the way to the moon, was crippled when a tank containing liquid oxygen burst, putting the crew in great danger and causing major damage to the spacecraft. The astronauts managed to return safely.
1972 – The Universal Postal Union decides to recognize the People's Republic of China as the only legitimate Chinese representative, effectively expelling the Republic of China administering Taiwan.
1972 – Vietnam War: The Battle of An Lộc begins.
1974 – Western Union (in cooperation with NASA and Hughes Aircraft) launches the United States' first commercial geosynchronous communications satellite, Westar 1.
1975 – Bus massacre in Lebanon: An attack by the Phalangist resistance kills 26 militia members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, marking the start of the 15-year Lebanese Civil War.
1976 – The United States Treasury Department reintroduces the two-dollar bill as a Federal Reserve Note on Thomas Jefferson's 233rd birthday as part of the United States Bicentennial celebration.
1983: Harold Washington was elected the first African-American mayor in Chicago’s history.
1984 – India moves into Siachen Glacier thus annexing more territory from the Line of Control.
1987 – Portugal and the People's Republic of China sign an agreement in which Macau would be returned to China in 1999.
1992 – The Great Chicago flood devastates much of central Chicago.
1997 – Tiger Woods (the first black golfer ever to win a major) became the youngest player ever to win the US Masters Tournament at Augusta, leaving his opponents far behind and smashing every record in the book with a margin of 12 strokes.
2014 – A bus traveling from Villahermosa to Mexico City crashes into a tractor-trailer and catches fire, killing at least 36 people.
1945 – World War II: German troops kill more than 1,000 political and military prisoners in Gardelegen, Germany.
1945 – World War II: Soviet and Bulgarian forces capture Vienna, Austria.
1948 – The Hadassah medical convoy massacre: In an ambush, 79 Jewish doctors, nurses and medical students from Hadassah Hospital and a British soldier are massacred by Arabs in Sheikh Jarra near Jerusalem.
1953 – CIA director Allen Dulles launches the mind-control program Project MKUltra.
1958 – Cold War: American Van Cliburn wins the inaugural International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow.
1960 – The United States launches Transit 1-B, the world's first satellite navigation system.
1961: UN General Assembly condemned South Africa for apartheid.
1964 – At the Academy Awards, Sidney Poitier becomes the first African-American male to win the Best Actor award for the 1963 film Lilies of the Field. Poitier grew up in poverty in the Bahamas and his first months in New York were so poor, he slept in the bus station men’s room.
1965: Lawrence Wallace Bradford Jr., age 16, was appointed by New York Republican Jacob Javits to be the first black page of the U.S. Senate.
1970 – Apollo 13, four-fifths of the way to the moon, was crippled when a tank containing liquid oxygen burst, putting the crew in great danger and causing major damage to the spacecraft. The astronauts managed to return safely.
1972 – The Universal Postal Union decides to recognize the People's Republic of China as the only legitimate Chinese representative, effectively expelling the Republic of China administering Taiwan.
1972 – Vietnam War: The Battle of An Lộc begins.
1974 – Western Union (in cooperation with NASA and Hughes Aircraft) launches the United States' first commercial geosynchronous communications satellite, Westar 1.
1975 – Bus massacre in Lebanon: An attack by the Phalangist resistance kills 26 militia members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, marking the start of the 15-year Lebanese Civil War.
1976 – The United States Treasury Department reintroduces the two-dollar bill as a Federal Reserve Note on Thomas Jefferson's 233rd birthday as part of the United States Bicentennial celebration.
1983: Harold Washington was elected the first African-American mayor in Chicago’s history.
1984 – India moves into Siachen Glacier thus annexing more territory from the Line of Control.
1987 – Portugal and the People's Republic of China sign an agreement in which Macau would be returned to China in 1999.
1992 – The Great Chicago flood devastates much of central Chicago.
1997 – Tiger Woods (the first black golfer ever to win a major) became the youngest player ever to win the US Masters Tournament at Augusta, leaving his opponents far behind and smashing every record in the book with a margin of 12 strokes.
2014 – A bus traveling from Villahermosa to Mexico City crashes into a tractor-trailer and catches fire, killing at least 36 people.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Hermenegild, Martyr. Semi-double.
Contemporary Western
Hermenegild
Pope Martin I
Pope Martin I
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Saints Theodosia the Princess (daughter of Emperor Hadrian), and the Eunuch
Gerontios (ca. 117-138)
Martyrs Dadas, Quinctillian and Maximus, the Lectors (ca. 284-305)
Martyr Crescens of Myra in Lycia (3rd c.)
Hieromartyr Artemon, priest of Laodicea in Syria (303)
Martyrs Eleutherius of Persia, and Zoilus, by beheading (4th c.)
Martyr Theodosius, by the sword
Martyr Thomais of Alexandria (476)
Saint Martyrius, Patriarch of Jerusalem (486)
Saint Martin the Confessor, Pope of Rome (655)
Two Confessor Bishops, who were exiled to the Crimean peninsula together
with St. Martin the Confessor, Pope of Rome (ca. 655)
Venerable martyr Christophoros, of the Great Lavra of St. Sabbas the Sanctified
Gerontios (ca. 117-138)
Martyrs Dadas, Quinctillian and Maximus, the Lectors (ca. 284-305)
Martyr Crescens of Myra in Lycia (3rd c.)
Hieromartyr Artemon, priest of Laodicea in Syria (303)
Martyrs Eleutherius of Persia, and Zoilus, by beheading (4th c.)
Martyr Theodosius, by the sword
Martyr Thomais of Alexandria (476)
Saint Martyrius, Patriarch of Jerusalem (486)
Saint Martin the Confessor, Pope of Rome (655)
Two Confessor Bishops, who were exiled to the Crimean peninsula together
with St. Martin the Confessor, Pope of Rome (ca. 655)
Venerable martyr Christophoros, of the Great Lavra of St. Sabbas the Sanctified
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Saint Ursus, Bishop of Ravenna and Confessor (396)
Saint Martius, Abbot, of Clermont in Gaul (ca. 530)
Saint Hermenegild, son of the Visigothic King of Spain, Leovigild (586)
Saint Guinoch of Buchan (Guinoc, Guinochus), a Bishop in Scotland (ca. 838)
Saint Martius, Abbot, of Clermont in Gaul (ca. 530)
Saint Hermenegild, son of the Visigothic King of Spain, Leovigild (586)
Saint Guinoch of Buchan (Guinoc, Guinochus), a Bishop in Scotland (ca. 838)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Saint Arsenios of Elassonna (Arsenius of Suzdal), Archbishop of Elassona (1625)
Saint Anastasia (Duchess Alexandra Petrovna of Oldenburg), nun and foundress
of the Holy Protection Convent (Pokrovsky) in Kiev (1900)
Saint Anastasia (Duchess Alexandra Petrovna of Oldenburg), nun and foundress
of the Holy Protection Convent (Pokrovsky) in Kiev (1900)
New Martyrs and Confessors
New Hieromartyr Stephen (Bekh), Bishop of Izhevsk (1933)
Holy New Martyrs of Vasiliisk in St Nicholas’ Eparchy in Ukraine (1937):
New Hieromartyr Sergius Shtenko
Martyrs Prochor Bunchuk and St Cyril Preymak
Virgin-martyr Martha Testova (1941)
Holy New Martyrs of Vasiliisk in St Nicholas’ Eparchy in Ukraine (1937):
New Hieromartyr Sergius Shtenko
Martyrs Prochor Bunchuk and St Cyril Preymak
Virgin-martyr Martha Testova (1941)
Other commemorations
Repose of Archimandrite Herman of Svyatogorsk (1890)
Translation of the relics (1967) of the Holy New Martyr George of Cyprus (1752)
Repose of Elder Cosmas of Pantokratoros monastery, Mt. Athos (1970)
Translation of the relics (1967) of the Holy New Martyr George of Cyprus (1752)
Repose of Elder Cosmas of Pantokratoros monastery, Mt. Athos (1970)
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