DUMAS, Pete 1907-1983

Death Claims Pete Dumas

     (Margaret Taschereau wrote this note to The Star in 1983.  She dated it 22 December.  It appeared in the letters to the editor.)

     I think you should have some sort of obituary for Balis (Pete) Dumas.  A lot of folks in grand Coulee should know.
     He was born August 29, 1907.  The Eagles might be able to give you more information. 
     He died at the Old Soldiers' Washington Soldiers Home, Box 500, Orting, WA 98360.
     Except for a time in Arizona he lived around close to the Dam.  Uncle Charlie and Aunt Bessie ran Granddad Seaton's ferry for several years.
     His sister Rhea Coleman, 16819 - 278th Place S.E., Kent, WA and a nephew Wayne Ogle survive him.
     I don't know much of his war service.
     Some of the Rinkers might give you more.
     Rhea is not at all well and losing her husband and brother hasn't helped in one year.

DUMAS, BESSIE 1882-1970

     Bessie Dumas was my grand aunt.  Which paper the obituary appeared in was not noted, but was probably the Star.  The death notice was probably in the Spokesman-Review.

Bessie Dumas

GRAND COULEE -- Bessie Dumas, 88, formerly of Grand Coulee, died March 30 in Spokane.
     Mrs. Dumas came to the Grand Coulee area with her family when she was four years old.  At one time she operated the old Seaton Ferry, the original ferry.
     She was a member of the Assembly of God.
     Surviving are: her daughter, Mrs. Rhea Coleman; one son, Peter Dumas, in New Mexico; her sister, Cora Rinker, Wenatchee; her brother, Sam Seaton, Coulee Dam; and one grandchild.
     Services will be at the Robertson Funeral Home in Wilbur Friday afternoon.


DUMAS, Bessie -- passed away at a local hospital March 30.  Her home E6912 First Ave., Spokane.   A member of the Assembly of God Church.  Survived by 1 daughter, Mrs. Rhea Coleman; 1 son, Peter Dumas, in New Mexico; 1 sister, Cora Rinker, Wenatchee; 1 brother, Sam Seaton, Coulee Dam; 1 grandson.  The THORNHILL VALLEY FUNERAL HOME, E10300 SPRAGUE AVE., in charge.


     The memorial card adds the following:

                     In Loving Memory of
                        BESSIE DUMAS

March 2, 1882                              March 30, 1970

                              Service
             1:30 P.M. Friday, April 3, 1970
                  Robertson Funeral Home
                      Wilbur, Washington

                         OFFICIATING
                         Rev. L. R. White

                               SONGS
                    "The Old Rugged Cross"
                        "The Vacant Chair"

                             VOCALIST
                           Merrill Womach

                             ORGANIST
                           Merrill Womach

                        CASKET BEARERS
   Jim Davis                                         Wesley Rinker
   Sam Rinker                                      Clair Seaton
   Ray Rinker                                       Frank Seaton

Concluding services to be held at the Wilbur Cemetery,
                        Wilbur, Washington.
    Arrangements by Thornhill Valley Funeral Home.

JOYCE L. SCHUENING 1933-2011

PENDLETON — Joyce L. Schuening, 78, a longtime Pendleton resident, died Wednesday, Oct. 12, 2011, at Willowbrook Terrace in Pendleton following a yearlong battle with cancer. No service is planned.

Mrs. Schuening was born March 15, 1933, in Delta, Iowa, the daughter of Warren C. and Evelyn Ruth (Arnold) Strasser. When she was 6 years old, her family moved to Port Angeles, Wash., where she was raised and attended school. The family moved again, in 1950, to Pendleton, where she graduated from Pendleton High School.

On June 15, 1952, she married Herman W. Schuening in Pendleton, and it was here that they made their home. The couple had two children, and she dedicated her time as a mother and homemaker. In her free time, she enjoyed crocheting.  She had been member of the First Baptist Church. She also had been a member of Pauline Rebekah Lodge #13.

Mrs. Schuening is survived by her husband Herman W. Schuening, her son David John Schuening, her daughter Marilyn Lucille Schuening and a grandson, all of Pendleton.  She was preceded in death by her parents and her sister Sally Herndon.

Burns Mortuary of Pendleton is in charge of arrangements.

FROM PIONEERS TO POWER - post 49

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THEY REMEMBER '36 WHEN RIVER FROZE AT GRAND COULEE DAM

GRAND COULEE DAM -- Thursday was a day for reminiscing in Grand Coulee.  Its Chamber of Commerce celebrated its 49th Birthday at a two-hour luncheon featuring a colorful cake, stimulating punch and short accounts of the early days by people who were here the year the organization was formed - 1936.

Here in brief, is what they recalled:

ELMER RAUCH, hardware man:  In 1936 there were 40 groceries in the area . . .  during the idle time between major contracts, times were so tough that taxi dancers rolled their own with "Bull Durham."  In 1936 there were seven places on B Street that had live music every night.

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ROD HARTMAN, former theatre operator now in the motel business:  In the cold of winter families made good use of the restrooms upon leaving the "Roosevelt" so they wouldn't have to go to their frigid outhouses upon returning home.  In 1939 the Grand Coulee basketball team won the Stat championship even though it didn't have a gym and had to practice in a Delano roller skating rink.

HU BLONK of Wenatchee, former cub reporter here: The population of Grand Coulee in 1936 was 5,000 (now it is 1,500); employment was 5,330 (it rose later to 8,800).  That winter the Columbia River was frozen over for a month at the dam site.  Late that year it was completely diverted out of its channel to allow building the midstream base, and the Columbia River highway bridge was opened.  Also in 1936 the world famous ice dam was built to hold back a mud slide on the Okanogan side of the river.  In 1936 the City Council sought to oust the State Patrol, which was the policing agency in Grand Coulee, making numerous liquor raids.  There were 55 prostitutes in town, by actual count.  Twenty eight men had been killed in construction by the end of 1936 (the figure finally rose to 77 by 1941.

IDA BARTELS, early day land promoter:  The articles of incorporation for the Grand Coulee Commercial Club were filed on march 29, 1936.  J. C. McCune was the first president, a Mr. Holcomb, Vice President.  The first objective was to obtain a school.  Mrs. Bartels is the only charter member still in Grand Coulee.

DOROTHY HOLBERT, former school teacher:  In predam days she kept a razor and a pint of whiskey in the classroom so if any child was struck by a rattlesnake, she could cut into the wound and pour the liquor over it to prevent the spread of the poison.  She never saw a rattlesnake.

JACK HILSON, weekly publisher:  The "Grand Coulee Booster" was the first daily newspaper printed in the area.  Publisher was Bob Ross.  It was mimeographed at first.

BOB LUDOLPH, county commissioner and early day grocer:  In 1941 the freight railroad from Coulee City to the dam site brought in a passenger car containing soldiers who were to man antiaircraft guns around Grand Coulee Dam.  Two Grand Coulee Commercial Clubs, one on B Street, feuded for some years, then eventually joined to become the present Chamber of Commerce.

HAYDEN McKEE, Delrio rancher:  Prior to construction he used to drive cattle to Almira but the animals were skittish about going down the graveled road.  They'd never experienced gravel before.

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VERN CANTERBURY, former rancher and retired reclamation employee:  In pre-dam years motorists trying to make it up the Wilbur grade had to place planks in front of the auto wheels, gradually moving them up higher and higher.  They were then returned to the bottom of the hill so the next car driver could use them.

Hu Blonk           

Wenatchee Daily World           

Special Writer           

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CATTLE STEALING, SOCIALS SPICED DELANO'S HISTORY

GRAND COULEE -- A lot of frustrated homesteaders, sometimes visited by thieves escaping from lawmen who would not venture forth into the upper Coulee, lived in the area from Grand Coulee Dam to Steamboat Rock in the early days.

So says Jess Canady, who resided in what is now called the Delano area on his father's homestead.  He expressed disgust at stories being told that few people ever lived here during the early days.

He recalled the days of cattle stealing, socials at the schoolhouse or in private homes, moonshining "all over the country," homes built from logs caught in the Columbia River, community rodeos at someone's corral, cattle crossing on the frozen-over river, and the big wheat threshing crews.

"There were a lot of families here," said the 70 year old Canady, talking about the 1905 to 1919-20 period.  Drought finally drove nearly all of them out.  When construction on the dam began in about 1933 there were only six families left -- the Nobles, Partees, Charles Osborne, Oscar Osborne, Dan Lael and Jess Evans.

Canady's father homesteaded here in 1905, coming from Kansas vie the palouse.  The homestead shack still stands as part of a larger house.  He remained with his wife and children - Les, Naomi and Jess, until about 1919 when he moved to Nespelem and later to Almira.  The family, working with Stringfellow and Halloran, real estate men from the coast, subdivided the property when construction began down at the river.  The town was named Delano after the middle name of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

A lot of early day houses were built from lumber on the Columbia, sawed up from logs floating in the stream, Canady said.  The mill, run by a man named Huebler ran until about 1912.

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The Partees, whose property became the town site of Grand Coulee where B Street developed in the 30's lived in the Canady root cellar until they could build a home of their own.  They, like other homesteaders, attempted to raise grain and cattle, and some just worked out.  A big apple orchard run by Frank Davis existed where Crescent Bay is now located.  It was irrigated from big springs there.  Canady remembers hauling apples over a dirt road in the Grand Coulee to Coulee City.

"It would take us all day to get to Coulee City," he said.  "We'd stay overnight and then come back the next day."

Canady, who has a keen memory, also recalled the first road being built from Grand Coulee to the river below about 1910.  His father and Sherm Scott did the work, using an old steam shovel to run a jackhammer.  The road was used to haul wood and stuff from the river he said.

There was no town in the early days, no store.  A key structure for the scattered farmers was the schoolhouse that sat where the North Dam is now situated.

Thirty-one kids went there, Canady recounted.  It served too, as a dance hall (from dark till daylight) and a place for pie and other social gatherings such as taffy pulls.  There was another school near Steamboat Rock, and one near Coulee City.  The nearest high schools were at Almira and Coulee City.

Other recreation consisted of "Celebrations" at someone's corral, with bucking horses and steers, swimming and ice skating in Buckley Lake (where the Nort Dam now sits).

Canady recalled a "lot of gunfighting across the coulee."  Early Grand Coulee never had any shootouts of the O. K. Corral type, but a number of men of questionable honesty rode through here bent for Wallace Canyon along the present road to Bridgeport where they'd hide out.

Lawmen chasing the culprits from Almira or Wilbur would never come "beyond the coulee wall," said Canady.  The thieves, some of them bank robbers, were plenty tough and dangerous.

"You didn't want to stick your head out or they'd hit you," Canady said.  "They were good shots is what I mean."  He recalled, also, a Bectel Wallace being killed taking "slick-eared (stolen) cattle" to Spokane.  He lived in the robbers roost up in the canyon named after him.

Another man was killed in one of three saloons in Govan (near Almira) after he had boasted that he could lay his hands on the man who killed Mr. Lewis and his wife.  He escaped to the upper Grand Coulee, knowing law enforcement never came that far.

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The area's religion consisted of self generated revival in the schoolhouse now and then.

Canady's memory is keen enough for him to remember the exact location of all the homesteads.  He listed the owners as fallows: Canady, Partee, earl Thompson, Oscar Osborne, Charles Osborne, Hans Lange, Frank Davis, Mark Noble, Herb Buelen, Sherm Scott, Emmett "Turkey" Martin, Ernest Martin, Jess Evans, Buckley, ed Goodman, Cy Buckley, Lincoln Stock Farm, a man named Scheibner, Carl McKinley, Cliff Stearman, Alfred Freese, and Carp Dyer.

These, and others in the area, got their groceries once a year, either at Almira or Coulee City.  The load consisted of two or three sacks of sugar, several barrels of flour, salt, pepper and coffee.  The rest of each family's food for the year was raised on individual homesteads.

Canady moved back to his "dad's place" from Almira in the fall of 1932 to work as a powder man for the contractor building the road to the dam from Almira (where the Bureau of Reclamation had its first office).  In later years he was a house mover and trucker.

Grand Coulee is home for him so he doesn't want anyone "at the dam" giving any incorrect history of the area.

Editor's Note:  Neither Mr. Canady nor the writer, Hu Blonk, could check the accuracy of the spelling of some of the names in this story.

By: Hu Blonk           

Wenatchee Daily World           

November 25, 1974           

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NAMING THE DELANO DISTRICT

Naming the Delano district resulted from a contest.  "Delano" was submitted by Andy Seresun and two other contestants, so the final choice was determined by the letter Andy wrote about it.  In part, the letter read: "Being the middle name of our President, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, it will honor the man, who more than anyone else, made this great project possible."

Welthy M. Buchholz           

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FROM PIONEERS TO POWER - post 48

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265

PLUM POINT HISTORY RECALLED

With the draw down of Lake Roosevelt due to construction of the third powerhouse at the Grand Coulee Dam, many historic sites are again on dry land for the first time in 28 years of being list beneath the water.

One of these is Plum Point -- it once existed about five miles upriver from the dam.  It is still submerged, but old timers wandering around the eroded banks of the lake have been able to recognize a few landmarks.

According to pioneers, the Plum store and post office was established between 1905 and 1908 by a man named Morgan.  It was constructed of upright, unpainted boards, and had a shingle roof.  Family living quarters were in the back of the building.  It stood on the bank above a river crossing where a makeshift scow was kept.

Wes Rinker, an old timer in the area, often tells about the time his uncle brought two wild unbroken horses from what is now the Swawilla basin, and what a time he had getting them across the river.  "After fighting them all over the river bank," Wes said, "my uncle finally got one practically tied to the scow, but the other one couldn't be gotten aboard no matter how hard they tried, so they had to truss him up and tow him across."

Sam Rinker, Wes's brother, also remembers early day Plum.  "It was about 1910, because I was just a little kid," Sam says, "and we were down at Plum where there was a big celebration of some kind going on.  There were a lot of people there and I got lost from my family.  I'll never forget how scared I was, and I guess that's why I'll never forget old Plum."

In 1918, a man named Jim Christianson took over the store and post office and put a cable ferry in at the point.  Christianson kept the store and post office open, and operated his ferry until 1924 when, because of lack of business, he abandoned the whole thing and moved to Wilbur.

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Except for being used as an occasional sheep camp the old buildings stood empty for many years.  With the filling of the lake behind the dam, Old Plum, with other early day sites, sank beneath the water.  Nothing is left now but the sand blown eroded lake shore.

Virginia Beck

July, 1970

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BOATS CHUG WHERE INDIAN DRUMS, CHANTS PREVAILED

The new boat ramp, to replace the one lost at Elmer City because of the haul road, has been completed.  The access road and ramp are located between Elmer City and Belvedere.  The road runs within a stone's throw of the old Steveson Ferry road, across land which was once used by Chief Moses and his people when they first arrived on the Colville Indian Reservation in 1885.  Here on this land, according to the old ones on the reservation, the ghosts of the Moses people who died here come back on quiet evenings and, if you listen carefully, you can hear the drums and the chanting and, if the sun is setting just right, you can see the flicker of old campfires on the sage.

About a quarter of a mile north, on a bench overlooking the river, is the haunted pasture where, say the old ones, neither horses nor cattle will venture no matter how hungry they are.  But the real history of the area is down on the river where the ramp is located.  Here, in a protected cove with its abundance of spring water, Indians have camped for countless centuries.

Artifacts of all kinds, flint chips and fresh water clam shells, beads, and old square nails are scattered all over the area.  The remnants of old pit houses and earth ovens appear each year when the water is low.  It was here that Governor Simpson, on his firs trip down the Columbia River from old Fort Colville, noted one of the largest and most permanent Indian villages on this part of the river.

It was also here that John Tom, the famous old Nespelem medicine man, was born about 1830.  This was also the birthplace of John Tom's mother.  It was here, according to William Compton Brown, Okanogan historian and author, that Chief Moses and his warriors crossed the river on their way to war with Colonel George Wright at the battles on the Spokane Plains and at Four Lakes in 1855.

It was here also that Skolaskin, Dreamer of the San Poil people, stopped to wait for the earthquake of 1872 which he had predicted and which, thereafter, gave him complete control of his people.

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This cove was also the landing for one of the first ferries to operate in this area.  It was a government scow and was used to ferry supplies across the river for the Indians.  It was built in about 1890 and it is common knowledge among the old timers that, although the Moses and Joseph people picked up their supplies, the San Poil and Nesspelem haughtily refused theirs and it was left on the river bank to rot and rust.

In 1892 Sam Steveson, a homesteader across the river on the bar, fixed up the government scow and used it for ferrying stock across to summer graze on the reservation.  In 1898, when the town of Nespelem was established, Steveson converted the scow into the first cable ferry in this area.  The Okanogan County landing for this old ferry is about a quarter of a mile downriver from the new boat ramp.

Now that the ramp is finished and the hum of motor boats echo in the quiet cove it is doubtful if the old ghosts will come back but if, by some chance, a drifting boater should happen to hear the chanting and the drums, he will know what it is.

Virginia Beck

Published in the

Wenatchee Daily World

September 24, 1969

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LEGENDARY STONES DISAPPEAR

The legendary Coyote's Stepping Stones at the mouth of Jo-Jo Creek at Seaton's Grove are disappearing beneath the excavated material which is being brought down from the Third Powerplant site for the stabilization of the river bank below the dam.

The Stones, a well known landmark to the old timers, are a series of rounded boulders which span the river.  According to old Indian legend, the Stones were used by the Coyote God a long time ago when animals were people.

Due to a restricted channel because of the river bank reinforcement, the stones will soon be beneath the water.  At the present time, only two stones are still visible.

Virginia Beck

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STAGE STOPS AND OLD FREIGHTER ROADS

probably one of the stage stops nearest to the site of the mighty Grand Coulee Dam was that located near the last switchback at the top of the old Almira highway.  The stage stop with buildings, such as they were, was in charge of Harry Swiford, who had charge of the extra horses for the Almira-Nespelem passenger-mail route.  Billy McLean was an extra driver, but it was Fred Evers who had the Almira-Nespelem mail contract and who drove the stage.

Perhaps, if one possessed sufficient patience and perseverance, one might locate some of the old roads which are on the Russell Rosenberg Ranch.  But one well-informed source indicated that a Mr. Emmett Shaffer had, at one time, been associated with the operation of that stage stop and mail route.

What was the route for the Almira-Nespelem run?  The answer - down the old Almira hill road, past the old school site where the present new library is now located, and down the hill and up the other side past the present Rawe & Rauch Hardware store and curved around the hill past the location of the Grand Coulee Dam's westside switchyard; past the Frank Sanford place where traces of the old road are plainly visible.  Next, a narrow canyon to the Columbia River to the Steveson Ferry at Barry which is opposite Belvedere.  The stage left of mail, but did not change horses there.

Two incidents happened at the Steveson Ferry.  One, during the summer of 1914 during the high-water season.  Cables broke loose from the ferry so that the chains wrapped themselves around the towers anchored on each shore.  For a spell the ferry was completely out of control in the wild waters.  Finally, some men -- Jess Flohr, Roy "Bob" Rice, and the Stevesons - Waite, Harvey, and Elba, saved the day.

Ethel Duffy was a passenger on the Almira-Nespelem stagecoach trip one mid-winter's day.  Evers and the ferryman thought the river channel was okay, but in midstream, the mushy ice had frozen solid.  Nothing to do but spend the day out in the middle of the Columbia as best they could.

Fred Weber, Rex-Delrio rancher, recalls the stage stop at the Condon Ferry.  The old livery stable, blacksmith shop, hotel, saloon, and postoffice have been under water for many years.  The Condon Ferry made its last trip on July 4, 1929.  The ferry cable went out in the 1948 flood, but traces of the old road and the cable anchor still remain away above the danger, so far, from high water.  Weber also recalled that freighters did not come very close to his folks' place.  He also remembered that soldiers from Walla Walla headed for Okanogan, crossed on the Condon (Wild Goose) Ferry.

Among the freighters hauling goods and supplies from Spokane to Ruby, Conconully and Nighthawk, which was one of the gold fields near the United

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States-Canadian border, were Washington Rinker, Frank Roberts of Wilbur, and briefely at Coulee Dam, and a Raleigh Holbert.  Rinker drove a six-horse team with a "trail wagon" -- two wagons hitched one behind the other.

For a time, Leahy (later Leahy Junction) was a stage stop for miners, prospectors, etc., traveling the Cariboo Trail.  The trail started at the Columbia River; then via Priest Rapids, etc., to Coulee City.  The trail (today Highway 17) followed Foster Creek to Bridgeport, next along the east shore of the Okanogan River and north into British Columbia.

Leahy was named for Danial, Dennis and James Leahy, all from Quebec, Canada, and who later were joined by a brother, Mike.  A chapel started by a Father Deichmann in 1906 was completed in 1908, but today is a mere shambles of its former self.

Somehow, the end of the activities in the gold fields brought about an unexpected type of prosperity.  Ben Snipes, Sunnyside, Washington, and "King of the Northwest Cowboys," drove thousands of cattle up the Cariboo Trail to eastern British Columbia.  Snipes was a gentlemen who never drank, smoked, or cussed.  His drivers were unlike the rowdies of the Chisholm Trail over which much smaller herds were driven.  Incidentally, the name of the Cariboo Trail originated from the French name for either deer or elk (I'm not sure which), but John Wesley Cameron, who made one of the big gold strikes in the British Columbia gold fields, was dubbed "Cariboo Cameron" and he is my husband's great uncle, who came by land across Canada to seek his fortune, made it, and like many, saw it vanish in thin air, and died a virtual pauper.

Mrs. C. J. Rabideau

From The Star

January 16, 1975

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O'CONNOR, Blanche 1923-2011

     The following notice was published in the Spokesman-Review Saturday, December 11, 2012.
 



Blanche O'Connor
(March 3, 1923 - December 7, 2011)



      Blanche O'Connor (88) of Spokane, passed away December 7th, 2011.

      They say there are angels on earth and I know Blanche was one. She was a wonderful mother, wife, grandma and friend to everyone. She was born March 3rd, 1923. Blanche married Vernon Monson and lived in Almira, WA where they had twins. In 1970 she married Red O'Connor and lived in Coulee City until nine years ago when she suffered a stroke and has been at St. Joseph Care Center. Blanche was preceded in death by her husbands Vernon and Red; her beloved son John and his wife Dottie and grandchildren Michael and Charlene. Survivors include her daughter Jeanne, grandchildren; Christine Wolf, Heidi Monson, Todd Monson and nieces; Riki Overstreet, Kathy Collins, Mike Vincent and many great-grandchildren. She will be missed as everyone loved her.

      Graveside services will be Tuesday, December 13th at 2:00 p.m. at Greenwood Memorial Terrace.

http://heritagefunerals.com/fh/obituaries/obituary.cfm?o_id=1336764&fh_id=11479

HANS N. HANSON

      HANS N. HANSON, a prosperous farmer and stock man residing about a mile west from Bridgeport, has so conducted himself in his labors in Douglas county, that he has both won the respect of all who know him and gained a fine property holding. He was born in Bergen. Norway, on December 23. i860, the son of George F. and Inger P. (Reese) Hanson, natives of Norway. The father was captain of a sailing vessel. Our subject was well educated in the Bergen Academy and did bookkeeping for a mercantile house. In 1879, he shipped on a sailing vessel for the United States and at Baltimore, in 1880, quit his vessel. For a short
time thereafter, he was in the Burlington shops in Chicago after which he was in the employment of David Rankin, a large stockman. He left this business and traveled in various sections but soon returned to Mr. Rankin, where he remained for seven years, handling stock. In 1888, Mr. Hanson came to Spokane and thence to Douglas county, settling on Douglas creek, about two miles below the town of Douglas. He proved up on a pre-emption there, which was his home until 1895. In that year he moved to his present location and took a homestead. He handles about four hundred and eighty acres of land here and has over fifty head of fine cattle on the range. His land is largely productive of hay. Mr. Hanson has three sisters, all in Norway.

      In Atchison county, Missouri, on March 16, 1886, Mr. Hanson married Martha E. Anderson, daughter of Anders H. and Seneca (Samuelson) Moberg. Mrs. Hanson was born in Moberg, Norway, on March 2, 1861. To our subject and his wife, five children have been born, Lula I., Minnie S., Stella M., Georgie A. and Frank I.

      Mr. and Mrs. Hanson are members of the Lutheran church and they are good substantial people. He has served as road supervisor for several years and has also labored for the up- building of the community. Mrs. Hanson has two brothers, Sam and Haldo. Mr. and Mrs. Hanson have a fine family of children and are doing everything in their power to give them a good education and a nice start in life.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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J. ALBERT ANDERSON

      J. ALBERT ANDERSON is one of the enterprising agriculturists of Douglas county, and his home is now in Bridgeport. He owns land adjoining the city and has fine improvements on his property. He devotes his attention to general farming and handling grain at Bridgeport.

      J. Albert Anderson was born in Norway on June 19, 1867, the son of J. Andrew and Susannah (Anderson) Anderson, natives of Sweden. The early education of our subject was gained in the common schools of his native country and in the spring of 1880, he landed in New York city. For eight years, he labored on the farms on Long Island, in factories adjacent to New York city and in various other kinds of work. He has labored with some of the largest contracting firms along the Atlantic coast and worked at various places. One of the largest undertakings he was employed upon was the Croton River aqueduct. The contractors were Brown, Howard & Company. While in their employ he learned the trade of a rigger and worked there until 1889, when he came to Washington, and here, also, he has done contracting for himself. Settlement was made near Bridgeport where he used different government rights to secure his land and since then has devoted himself almost entirely to general farming and stock raising. Mr. Anderson is heavily interested in the town site of Bridgeport and has done much to forward settlement of this portion of the country.

      At Bridgeport, on December 26, 1899, Mr. Anderson married Miss Jessie E., daughter of Donald and Jane (Davidson) McDonald, natives of Canada. Mrs. Anderson was born in Bay City, Michigan, on May 26, 1881. She has two brothers, Clyde R., and James A. D. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson are communicants of the Lutheran church and are well respected people. In 1894, Mr. Anderson had the misfortune to lose his residence by the overflow of the Columbia river. Yet notwithstanding the various losses together with the hardships of frontier life he has so wisely labored that he now is blessed with a large holding and excellent prosperity.

      One child, Clydie Bell, has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Anderson, the date being December 31, 1901.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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LEON ALBOUCQ

      LEON ALBOUCQ is one of the leading lousiness men of Hartline. He opened his present line in this prosperous town in 1902 and now carries a large stock of feed, posts, fencing material, implements, buggies and wagons. He has a thriving patronage and has shown himself a substantial and capable business man.

      Leon Alboucq was born in the sunny land of France, his native heath being Mount St. Jean, Department of Aisne. The date of his nativity is January 11, 1864. The parents of our subject are Alexis and Aglae (Jerard) Alboucq, bcth natives of France. Mr. Alboucq was educated in the common schools and grew to manhood in his native land. At the early age of twenty-one he enlisted in the regular army of France and for five years served in the infantry, never leaving his native place during these years. In 1889, he bade farewell to home and friends and journeyed to the United States; living first at Broken Bow, Nebraska. For two years that was his home and farming occupied his attention. Then he moved to Douglas county, Washington, and selected a homestead eight miles north from Hartline, where he lived until 1902. He has added land to his holdings, by purchase, until he owns a section, which he farms, in addition to his business in town. Mr. Alboucq has no brothers or sisters in the United States, but those in France are: Mrs. Eugenie Lemeret, of Aoust; Eugene Cyril, of Mezieres; Mrs. Marie Deville, also of Mezieres; and Mrs. Claire Julien, of La Fere, all in the department of Ardennes.

      The marriage of Leon Alboucq and Miss Elsie Sleicher was consummated on March 7, 1889, in Paris, France. Mrs. Alboucq was born in Karlsruhe, Baden, Germany, on December 10, 1866, and has one brother, James A., a machinist, at Reading, Pennsylvania. The fruit of this marriage is as follows: Louis E., born July 21, 1894; Blanche Leona, born May 1, 1896; Claire Aglae, born April 22, 1902; Hartline is the native place of all three children. Mr. Alboucq was first banker of lodge number 9874, of the M. W. A. He and his family are adherents of the Catholic church.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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OLIVER A. RUDD

       OLIVER A. RUDD, who lives about five miles south from Bridgeport, was born in Draman, Norway, on July 12, 1861. His parents, Andrew and Dora (Christenson) Rudd, were natives of- Norway. He was educated in the common schools there and when twenty years of age came to the United States, settling first in Grand Rapids, Wisconsin. He wrought in the lumber woods for nearly two years and in 1883, came west to Washington, stopping first in Walla Walla. Then he journeyed to Colfax, Washington, where he wrought on a farm for three years. It was 1886 when he went on a visit to his native country, then returned to Wisconsin, and a year and a half later came to Garfield county, it being 1888. He did general work for two years and in the fall of 1890, came to Douglas county, selecting a homestead where he resides at the present time. He commenced breeding cattle and horses when he first came to the country and has continued in that

business since. He has some very choice Hereford animals and has been prospered in his labors. Mr. Rudd owns one-half section of land well supplied with springs, and well improved. He cultivates about one hundred and twenty-five acres to hay and the balance to various crops. He has a handsome residence and has manifested thrift and good taste in his labors on the farm.

      In political matters, Mr. Rudd is allied with the Republican party and is a firm supporter of their principles. In 1898, his name appeared on that ticket for county commissioner against Lewis Brant. He won by thirteen majority, being the only Republican elected on the ticket. He served for four years to the satisfaction of fill. For two years from July 10, 1899, he was deputy sheriff, under C. V. Ogle. Mr. Rudd has one brother, Knud, and two sisters, Mrs. Sarah Thornson and Mrs. Georgie Gurrick.

      He was raised under the influence of the Lutheran church and is a supporter of that denomination at this time. His standing in the community is of the best and he receives generously the confidence and good will of his neighbors.

      At Deedsville, Indiana, on April 24, 1904, Mr. Rudd married Mrs. Eliza Lewis, daughter of James and Isabella Fites, natives of Maine.  Mrs. Rudd was born in Deedsville, Indiana.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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ALBERT F. YEAGER

      ALBERT F. YEAGER is one of the younger men of Douglas county that has demonstrated his worth and ability by commendable labors. He was born in Blue Earth county, Minnesota, on January 19, 1873, the son of Henry G. and Louisa (Koch) Yeager, natives of Saxony, Germany, and mentioned elsewhere in this work. Albert F. received his education in the common schools of Blue Earth county but in 1888 came with his parents to Douglas county. He now lives about two miles south from Buckingham on a half section of land, which he took as a homestead, and purchased from his father. He devotes his attention to cattle raising and farming, having in the last few years paid more attention to the latter business. He has his place well provided with all farm machinery necessary, buildings, and so forth, and is a successful agriculturist. For several terms he has served as road supervisor and did very good work. His brothers and sisters are named in another portion of this work.

      At the old home place in Douglas county, on March 17, 1895, Mr. Yeager married Mrs. Ella J. Wyatt, the daughter of Daniel F. and Julia J. (Hadley) Davis, natives of Colorado and very early settlers in Walla Walla. Mrs. Yeager was born in Colorado on June 17, 1872, and has two brothers, Charles and William S., and one sister, Mrs. Etta Loucks. To Mr. and Mrs. Yeager, five children have been born: Gladis M., in Bridgeport, on December 30, 1896; Albert F., Jr., at the ranch, on October 28, 1898; Charles H., at the homestead, on September 26, 1900; Violo E., at the ranch, on March 10, 1902; and Vera J., on February 29, 1904. By her former marriage, Mrs. Yeager has three children, Zella M. Wyatt, born in Oregon, on December 16, 1888; Oswell Wyatt, born in Oregon, on June 12, 1891 ; Buelah A., born in Oregon, October 6, 1893.

      Mr. Yeager is a member of the M. W. A. and an adherent of the old school Presbyterian church.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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GUSTAV ZUDE

      GUSTAV ZUDE, deceased. Among the most active and stirring men of Douglas county could be mentioned the subject of this memorial when he was living. He led an upright and faithful life and won hosts of friends, being highly esteemed by all. His labors in this county and elsewhere speak for themselves and it was a day of sincere mourning when the sad news of his death was announced.

      Gustav Zude was born in western Prussia, on August 7, 1853, the son of August and Caroline Zude, both natives of Germany. The father served in the regular army of Germany and was a good and well known man. Our subject was educated in the schools where he was born and in 1872, came thence to Pilot Knob, Missouri. He was soon engaged in the iron mines of Iron county and for twelve years wrought steadily there. Then on account of failing health he determined to retire from active work for a time. He accordingly traveled west to Utah and later went into the mines there, remaining for three years. After that he went to Elkhorn, Montana, where he engaged in mining for two years. It was in 1890 that Mr. Zude came on to Douglas county, and after due search he took a pre-emption and later a homestead where the family now reside, about two miles northeast from Farmer. He devoted himself industriously to general farming and stock raising and won the good success that his labors merited. He continued here and was always found on the side of which were for the betterment of the community and always exerted a good influence. In 1903, Mr. Zude failed in health and no means found seemed to relieve the progress of disintegration and finally on March 11, 1903, he passed to the world beyond. His memory is fragrant through a well spent life, wise counsels and good deeds. Mrs. Zude is now handling the estate, which is well improved and she has taken up the burdens devolving upon her with a fortitude and spirit which presage good success in her efforts.

      Mr. Zude had one brother, Carl, and one sister, Mrs. Minnie Gunther. The marriage of Mr. Zude and Miss Amelia Janka occurred in Missouri, on October 2, 1872. The parents of the bride were George and Minnie (Zude) Janka, natives of Germany. To Mr. and Mrs. Zude the following named children have been born; Herman, on November 2, 1873; Lena W., on January 20, 1886; Alfred, on December 24, 1890; Alma A., on April 1, 1893. The first two are natives of Pilot Knob and the others were born in this county. Mrs. Zude is a member of the Lutheran church, the denomination to which her husband belonged.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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MORRIS W. BUZZARD

      MORRIS W. BUZZARD came to Douglas county in the early days when supplies had to be hauled from Spokane. There were only twelve settlers in the entire region, when he located where he now resides, about one mile southeast from Waterville. From that time until the present, Mr. Buzzard has continued here without interruption and has constantly been devoting his efforts to tilling the soil and improving his farm. He has a fine quarter section, which raises diversified crops. Among the especially fine improvements we may mention an orchard so situated as to be protected by elevated land, which produces as fine fruit as can be found in Washington, and he has all the varieties of fruit that grow in this latitude.

      Morris W. Buzzard was born in Harrison county, Kentucky, November 23, 1853. His father, William Buzzard, a native of Kentucky, married Miss Sallie Williams, who was also born in the Blue Grass State. Her people came from North Carolina. He was a prosperous farmer and stock man during his life, and his ancestors were among the very first settlers in Kentucky. Our subject was educated in his native state, after which he settled in Champaign county, Illinois, and farmed for seven years. It was as early as 1883, that Mr. Buzzard settled in Douglas county and took his present land as a homestead. Since then, he has bought eighty acres in Okanogan county and owns considerable other property.

      Mr. Buzzard has always pulled in single harness and still remains free from matrimonial cares. He has two brothers and three sisters, Marion, George W., Mrs. Mattie Taylor, Mrs. Sarah J. Florence, and Mrs. Eliza Rankin, all living in Harrison county, Kentucky.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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JAMES A. BUCKINGHAM

      JAMES A. BUCKINGHAM was born in Sangamon county, Illinois, on September 18, 1831. His father, John B., was a native of old Virginia, and his mother, Amanda M. (Eaton) Buckingham, was a native of Kentucky. Our subject attended the common schools of Illinois, which were very primitive at that time and when he grew to manhood remained in that state until 1852, then the family went to Pierce county, Wisconsin, where five years were spent in farming. In 1857, he returned to his old home in Illinois, and farmed until 1867. At that time, he removed to Pike county, Missouri, stopping there for a short time, then went on to Audrian county, the same state, in which place he was a tiller of the soil for twenty years. After the expiration of that long period, Mr. Buckingham removed to Washington, spending his first year in the Evergreen State, near Cheney. Then he searched out a place in Douglas county and settled where we now find him, about four miles east from Buckingham postoffice. He took land under the government right and in addition to improving the farm, he gave his attention to stock raising. Like the other immigrants to this country, he made annual. pilgrimages from this country for the purpose of gaining money for food. During the winter of 1889-90 he had a small band of cattle which he succeeded in saving although most of the cattle of the country died. His base of supplies was Spokane and the lumber of which his house is built was hauled from Cheney and the Badger Mountains. His nearest neighbor was Mr. Downey, living six miles west. Mr. Buckingham labored faithfully and long during the hard years of early life in Douglas county and he is now one of the wealthy men of the section. His place is on the old trail to the mines and was known as one of the leading places in the county. He has held various county offices and was appointed postmaster by John Wanamaker, which position he held for nine years. Mr. Buckingham has two brothers who died in the Rebellion and two others, John W. and Elisha, who are now living. He also has one sister, Mrs. Louisa Shannon.

      At Trimble, Wisconsin, in July, 1855, Mr. Buckingham married Martha Ryan, who was born in Meadville, Pennsylvania, on June 20, 1830. For nearly half a century, she was his faithful companion in all the reverses and successes on their pilgrimage journey until July, 1901, she departed this life, being aged seventy-one. She had one brother, Simeon, and one sister, Katherine. To Mr. and Mrs. Buckingham, six children were born, named as follows: Mrs. Annie A. Smith, Mrs. Clara Merchand, William O., Albert J., Mrs. Regina V. Shamblin, and James A.

     Mr. Buckingham was raised in the Methodist church and although not a member of any denomination at the present time strongly leans toward that faith.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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JOHN C. BROWNFIELD

      JOHN C. BROWNFIELD, who resides four miles south from Farmer postoffice, is one of the best known men in Douglas county. He has lived here since the early days of settlement and has ever taken a leading part in all enterprises of a public nature, which are for the benefit of all. Mr. Brownfield has been exceptionally successful in handling stock, especially the Clyde horses, specimens of which can now be seen on almost every farm in Douglas county.

      John C. Brownfield was born in Cooper county, Missouri, on September 12, 1841, the son of John and Mary (Potter) Brownfield. The father was born in Virginia, becoming a pioneer settler of Illinois and in 1832 moved to Missouri. The mother was a native of Kentucky. Our subject was trained in the early schools of Cooper county, Missouri, and there remained until he grew to manhood. On April 15, 1861, he enlisted in Company K, Twenty-seventh Missouri Volunteers under Captain Parker, the same being for ninety days, but he served nine months before he was discharged. On the same day that he was mustered out, he re-enlisted in Company D, Seventh Missouri Cavalry, of the State Militia, under Captain Tarley and served for three years and two months or until the close of the war. Mr. Brownfield never participated in any heavy battles but was in that most annoying of all warfare, constant skirmishing with the bushwhackers. His general was E. B. Brown, a brother-in-law of General Price, the enemy. In April, 1865, Mr. Brownfield received his honorable discharge and returned to the duties of the civilian. He settled in Bates county, Missouri, and there farmed for seventeen years. In 1884, he came west to Spokane, locating on Five Mile prairie, just out from that city, whence two years later, he came to Douglas county, locating near Waterville. He took a farm about a mile northeast from the town, which was sold later. Afterwards, he took a homestead where he now lives and to which he has added until he now has four hundred and twenty acres of fertile land. This estate is nearly all under cultivation and is improved in first class shape, with good wells of water, fences, outbuildings, barns, residences and so forth. Mr. Brownfield has some very excellent Clyde horses and is giving his entire attention to general farming and raising stock. He has the following brothers and sisters, Jasper, Daniel, Mrs. Elizabeth Weedin, Mrs. Susan Weedin, Mrs. Ann Stanley, and Mrs. Minerva Turner.

      The marriage of Mr. Brownfield and Miss Emily Thomas occurred in Pettis county, Missouri, on April 17, 1864. The wife's parents are Joel and Christiana (Comer) Thomas, natives of North Carolina. They came to Missouri in 1832 and are still residing there. Mrs. Brownfield was born in Pettis county, on February 29, 1840, and has three brothers and two sisters, Henry, Joel, U. S. Grant, Mrs. Syntha Carver, and Mrs. Eliza Greer. The names of children of Mr. and Mrs. Brownfield, together with the dates and places of their births are given herewith: John T., Pettis county, Missouri, June 24, 1865; George W., Pettis county, Missouri, November 5, 1866, now living at Waterville; Mary C, Bates county, Missouri, August 22, 1868, now living in Lincoln county; Joel J., Bates county, Missouri, May 15, 1870; Robert H., Bates county, December 5, 1872; Daniel L., Bates county, February 6, 1876: and Rose M., Spokane county. Washington, May 3, 1884.

      Mr. Brownfield is a member of the G. A. R., and quite active in this realm. He and his wife are members of the Christian church and have always exerted a good moral influence where they have dwelt, being people of integrity and good principles.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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PHILLIP J. YOUNG

      PHILLIP J. YOUNG, who is now one of the leading business men of Hartline, is also one of the pioneers of Douglas county, and has labored steadily for twenty years to advance and build up the country and his excellent efforts have materially assisted to bring about the present state of prosperity and thriving growth of this favored section.

      Phillip J. Young was born in Ripley county, Indiana, on October 17, 1845, the son of Charles F. and Margaret (Gesell) Young, natives of Germany. They came to the United States in early days and were pioneer settlers in Indiana. Phillip J. was educated in the common schools of Indiana and Iowa, later completing his training in the state Normal at Galena, Illinois. In 1856 the family removed to Winneshiek county, Iowa, where our subject was trained in the ways of farm work by his father. He there grew to manhood and remained until 1881, when he removed to Nebraska. After a short residence in that state, Mr. Young came on to Idaho, then looked over Oregon, and finally in 1883. settled in Douglas county, taking a pre-emption and later a homestead near the Grand Coulee. He at once set to work to improve his places and began raising stock. Of horses and cattle he raised many and was very successful until the winter of 1889-90, when, like the others in this same [original text garbled]. Undaunted, however, he went to work [original text garbled], and in 1890 also opened a lumber yard in Hartline. He did well in this business and
later added paints, oils, glass, and so forth. He also handles coal and wood and does a good business in all the lines, always carrying a full stock. In 1886 Mr. Young was elected county commissioner and did good service for the county for two years. He also served as justice of the peace for six years.

      Mr. Young has five brothers and one sister, Charlie W., Adolph, Jacob, William, Louis, and Mrs. Louise Henning.

      In Howard county, Iowa, on December 26, 1873, Mr. Young married Miss Louisa Standard, whose parents, John and Julia (Shutt) Standard, were natives of Denmark. Mrs. Young was born in Denmark, on June 13, 1851. To Mr. and Mrs. Young the following children have been born; Edward H., on November 9,
1874, now a sugar manufacturer in Waverly, Washington; Ida C, on January 24, 1876, now teaching school: and Francis J., on October 7, 1880, now teaching school. The children were all born in Iowa. Mr. and Mrs. Young are adherents of the Lutheran church and are exemplary citizens.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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PERRY T. SARGEANT

      PERRY T. SARGEANT, who is one of the most prosperous farmers in the vicinity of Hartline, having a very excellent, well improved and well cultivated holding, is also one of the leading men of the county, having shown his ability in various capacities and his progressiveness and iuflustry in his achievements here.

      Perry T. Sargeant was born in Vanderburg county, Indiana, on September 16, 1864. His parents, Orsames P. and Rachel C. (Taylor) Sargeant, were natives of Vermont and Virginia, respectively. Perry T. was educated in the common schools and also studied under private teachers, being especially inclined toward mathematics. Although he never took a degree from any college, he made a special

study of mathematics and has won considerable distinction in this line. From Indiana, he removed to Texas, where he was engaged on the cattle range for three years, then he returned to his native state, by way of New Orleans. One year later, he came to Kansas and in a short time we see him in California, whence he journeyed to Portland, Oregon, and from that place came on to Ellensburg and engaged on the Northern Pacific as a civil engineer. After six years of service in this capacity he completed the training that he had been so desirous of obtaining in mathematics. In 1886, Mr. Sargeant moved to Douglas county and settled in the Coulee, six miles north of Coulee City, where he took up a homestead, which was later sold to Adolph Young. He bought five hundred and sixty acres, his present estate, and which is one of the finest farms in this section of the country. In 1894. Mr. Sargeant was elected surveyor on the Republican ticket and two years later, so well did he fill the office, he was re-elected. After these four years of service he returned to his farm and has devoted his attention to private enterprises until recently, when he was appointed road supervisor

of district number two, Douglas county, in which capacity he is operating at the present time. Mr. Sargeant has two brothers and two sisters, Eugene G., Morris H., Mrs. Thomas Leach, and Mrs. Charles Crampton.

      At the Welch church, on February 2, 1891, Mr. Sargeant married Miss Clara J. Jones. Her parents, William and Alice E. (Owens) Jones, are natives of Wales. Mrs. Sargeant was born in Wisconsin, on November 30, 1870, and has the following brothers and sisters : William E., John G., Mrs. Maggie Allen, Ealenor N., and Phoebe. Two children have been the fruit of this marriage: Alice R., born in Spokane on October 15, 1897; and William O.. born near Hartline, on February 16, 1899. Mr. Sargeant is a member of the I. O. O. F., the Maccabees and the K. P. In religious persuasion he is allied with the Cumberland Presbyterian church but is a liberal supporter of all denominations.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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HUGO F. HARTMAN

      HUGO F. HARTMAN is one of the leading and wealthy citizens of Hartline. In addition to doing a good farming business on a estate adjoining the town, Mr. Hartman conducts a large butchering establishment and buys and sells stock. He began business with a very limited capital and owing to his thrift and wisdom has increased until he has now in the butchering enterprise alone a large sum invested and is doing an extensive and thriving business.

      Hugo F. Hartman was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, on April 27, 1871, being the son of Albert and Christina (Schuele) Hartman, natives of Germany. He received thorough instruction in the common schools of Stuttgart. He attended the high school there and later after coming to Spokane was under the instruction of Father Held. He came to the United States in 1886 and was soon engaged with Drumheller and Wilson, butchers of Spokane. Thence he went to San Francisco, and engaged in the same vocation for a year there. We find him next in Montana and then at Cripple Creek, where he did business for four years. After this, Mr. Hartman returned to Coeur d' Alene and in 1891 he was again in Spokane. There he was with Dumke. Immediately subsequent to that. Mr. Hartman went into business relations for himself and opened the Montana Meat Market, at Spokane, which he conducted until 1896, then removed to Hartline where he has remained until the present time. During three years of this time, Mr. Hartman did business in Davenport, Washington. He has a fine farm adjoining Hartline and a large band of cattle and horses. Mr. Hartman has one brother, Julius, at Spokane, and one sister. Ana, residing at his birthplace in Germany.

      At Spokane, in 1893, Mr. Hartman married Miss Emma, daughter of August and Earnestine Delzer, natives of Germany. Mrs. Hartman was born in Forest Junction, Calumet county, Wisconsin, on October 13, 1872. She has four sisters; Mrs. Frederick Cusse, Mrs. Fred Wilson, both living in Spokane; Mrs. Lizzie Muller, of Washington, Wisconsin; Mrs. Minnie Eiler, of Depere, Wisconsin; and one brother, William Delzer, of Forest Junction, Wisconsin. To Mr. and Mrs. Hartman one child has been born, Oscar A., in Spokane, on July 13. 1894. Mr. Hartman is a member of the I. O. O. F., the W. W., the Maccabees, and
and the M. W. A.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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GEORGE R. ROBERTS

      GEORGE R. ROBERTS is now doing a large business in grain and implements in Hartline. He has the distinction of being the pioneer merchant of the coulee country and since the days of 1883, he has remained in this section and has by his integrity, worth and affable treatment of all, won hosts of friends in all parts of the country. Mr. Roberts is a man of stirring qualities and has wrought here with energy accomplishing very much in fostering the settlement and upbuilding of Douglas county.
      George R. Roberts was born in Wildrose, Wisconsin, on September 25, 1859, the son of Robert G. and Elizabeth (Williams) Roberts, natives of Wales. The common schools of Wisconsin furnished the educational training of our subject, and he remained the first twenty-four years of his life in that section. For eight years of that time he worked in the lumber woods and became used to the arduous labors there done. In 1883, Mr. Roberts came out west and after due deliberations settled in the Big Bend country. He immediately took up a pre-emption just east from where Hartline now stands and engaged in farming and stockraising. This continued until 1888, when he opened a store at McEntee Springs, handling general merchandise. In 1889, he took as partner, Thomas Parry and the firm was known as Roberts & Parry. They did a large business and continued until 1895, when they dissolved partnership and our subject engaged in buying grain at Hartline. In this he has continued since, having added implements later. He now does a large business and is a prominent man of this town.

      Mr. Roberts has four brothers and five sisters; Robert. John, David, James, Mrs. Elizabeth Parry, Sarah, Ellen, Marion, and Mary.

      In 1888, Mr. Roberts married Miss Esther Elias, a native of Ohio. She died the following year in Coulee City. On June 8, 1898, Mr. Roberts married Miss Mary Elias, also a native of Ohio, and the daughter of Daniel and Margaret (Morgan) Elias, natives of Wales, who now reside in Ohio. Mrs. Roberts was born in 1873. They have one adopted child, Ethel, three years of age. Mr. Roberts is a member of the I. O. O. F., the Maccabees, and the M. W. A., while he and his wife belong to the Methodist church.

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DOUGLAS CO BIO INDEX

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LILLQUIST: APPENDIXES

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BIBLIOGRAPHY        Table of Contents

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124

APPENDIX A

CALIBRATED GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE

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125

APPENDIX B

STATE HIGHWAYS AND RAILROADS IN GRANT COUNTY

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126-127

APPENDIX C

NUMBER OF FARMS IN WASHINGTON FROM 1890-1920

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128-129

APPENDIX D

PLAT OF COULEE CITY TOWNSITE 1916

     This picture of the plat of the Coulee City townsite was taken from a well-worn page of the Standard Atlas of Grant County, Washington.  This atlas was printed in 1916.  The original townsite is located in the center of the picture and is called G. K. Reed's Plat of Coulee City.  Later additions were added around Reed's original plat.

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130-131

APPENDIX E

COULEE CITY BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS 1916-1917

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132

APPENDIX F

COULEE CITY HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES 1912-1925

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133

APPENDIX G

THE 1916 COULEE CITY SCHOOL DISTRICT BUDGET

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134

APPENDIX H

POPULATION OF COULEE CITY FROM 1890 TO 1968

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BIBLIOGRAPHY        Table of Contents

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