Tuesday, August 27, 2013

August 27 in history


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AUG 26      INDEX      AUG 28


Events


479 BC Greco-Persian Wars: Battle of Plataea, Persian forces led by Mardonius routed by Greek army under Pausanias; together with Greek success at Battle of Mycale halts Persian invasion of Greece

479 BC Greco-Persian Wars: Battle of Mycale won by Greek forces over Persian naval troops on Ionian coast, double victory with that at Plataea ends Persian invasion

410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days.

663 Battle of Baekgang: Tang Chinese and Silla Korean forces defeat Korean Baekje forces and their Yamato Japanese allies on the Geum River in Korea. Last Japanese invasion of Korea for 900 years.

1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned as junior king and queen of England.

1232 – The Formulary of Adjudications is promulgated by Regent Hōjō Yasutoki. (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 1232)

1549 Battle of Dussindale: John Dudley Earl of Warwick destroys Robert Kett's army, ending Kett's rebellion in Norfolk, England

1556 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V abdicates in favor of his brother Ferdinand I

1569 Pope Pius names Cosimo I de Medici as grand duke of Tuscany

1585 Duke of Parma's troops occupy Antwerp

1593 – Pierre Barrière fails in his attempt to assassinate King Henry IV of France.

1601 Olivier van Noort completes first Dutch exploration of new world

1610 Polish King Wladyslaw crowned king of Russia

1619 Frederik van Palts chosen as King of Bohemia

1626 Battle of Lutter: Catholic League beats Danish king Christian IV

1628 Java: Sultan Agung of Mataram attacks Batavia

1634 Battle of Nordingen: Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar loses Duchy of Franconia

1665 "Ye Bare & Ye Cubb" is the first play performed in North America in Acomac, Virginia

1689 – The Treaty of Nerchinsk is signed by Russia and the Qing Empire (Julian calendar).

from whatwasthere.com
1776:  In what is now Brooklyn, New York, British forces under General William Howe defeated Americans under General George Washington. The Battle of Long Island was the first major battle in the American Revolutionary War following the United States Declaration of Independence,

1782 Battle of the Combahee River near Beaufort, South Carolina, American abolitionist John Laurens is killed leading the charge

1783 First hydrogen balloon flight (unmanned); reaches an altitude of 900m

1788 Jacques Neeker named as French minister of Finance

1789 French National Assembly issues the "Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen"

1793 – French Revolutionary Wars: The city of Toulon revolts against the French Republic and admits the British and Spanish fleets to seize its port, leading to the Siege of Toulon by French Revolutionary forces.

1798 – Wolfe Tone's United Irish and French forces rout a larger British Army in the Battle of Castlebar, part of the Irish Rebellion of 1798, resulting in the creation of the French puppet Republic of Connacht.

1799 British invasion army lands in North Holland

1802 The West India Quay officially opens - London’s first purpose-built dock, with the then largest brick building in the world

1810 – Napoleonic Wars: The French Navy defeats the British Royal Navy, preventing them from taking the harbour of Grand Port on Île de France.

1813 – French Emperor Napoleon I defeats a larger force of Austrians, Russians, and Prussians at the Battle of Dresden.

1816 Lord Exmouth bombards Algiers, a refuge for Barbary pirates

1828 – Uruguay is formally proclaimed independent at preliminary peace talks brokered by the United Kingdom between Brazil and Argentina during the Cisplatine War.

1828 The Russians defeat the Turks at the Battle of Akhalzic.

1832 – Black Hawk, leader of the Sauk tribe of Native Americans, surrenders to U.S. authorities, ending the Black Hawk War.

1859 – Petroleum is discovered in Titusville, Pennsylvania leading to the world's first commercially successful oil well.

1861 Battle of Cape Hatteras SC-Union troops take Ft Clark

1869 1st international boat race (River Thames, Oxford beats Harvard)

1881 Hurricane hits Florida & Carolinas; about 700 die

1883 – Krakatoa volcano, west of Java in Indonesia, erupts with a force of 1,300 megatons and kills approximately 40,000 people. Four enormous explosions destroy the island of Krakatoa and cause years of climate change.

1892 NYC's Metropolitan Opera House (opened in 1883) catches fire; takes two years to restore

1894 Congress passes Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act, which includes a graduated income tax later struck down by the Supreme Court

1896 – Anglo-Zanzibar War: Britain defeats Zanzibar in The shortest war in world history (9:02 AM to 9:40 AM).

1900 Gabriel Fauré's grand cantata "Prométhée" premieres at Arènes de Béziers, France; performance involved almost 800 singers and musicians (including two wind bands and 15 harps) and an audience of 10,000

1900 Battle of Bergendal: General Buller defeats the Boer under general Louis Botha

1913 Swedish engineer Gideon Sundback of Hoboken applies to patent all-purpose zipper

1914 – Battle of Étreux: A British rearguard action by the Royal Munster Fusiliers during the Great Retreat.

1914 Second day of Battle of Tannenberg (WWI): Germans bombard Usdau

1914 US war reporter Richard H Davis visits Leuven

1916 – The Kingdom of Romania declares war on Austria-Hungary, entering World War I as one of the Allied nations.

1918 Dr Joseph L Johnson named as US minister to Liberia

1918 Spanish flu arrives in Boston, beginning of the second wave and deadliest wave in the US

1918 – Mexican Revolution: Battle of Ambos Nogales: U.S. Army forces skirmish against Mexican Carrancistas and their German advisors in the only battle of World War I fought on American soil.

1921 – The British install the son of Sharif Hussein bin Ali (leader of the Arab Revolt of 1916 against the Ottoman Empire) as King Faisal I of Iraq.

1921 – J. E. Clair of Acme Packing Co. in Green Bay is granted an NFL franchise.

1922 – Greco-Turkish War: The Turkish army takes the Aegean city of Afyonkarahisar from the Kingdom of Greece.

1927 – Five Canadian women file a petition to the Supreme Court of Canada, asking, "Does the word 'Persons' in Section 24 of the British North America Act, 1867, include female persons?"

1927 Parks College, America's oldest aviation school, opens

1928 – The Kellogg–Briand Pact outlawing war is signed by fifteen nations. Ultimately sixty-one nations will sign it.

1928 – 16 people die and more than 100 Are injured in NYC subway's 2nd worst accident

1932 200,000 English textile workers strike

1932 International anti-war congress opens in Amsterdam

1933 – The first Afrikaans Bible is introduced during a Bible Festival in Bloemfontein.

1934 Harold Arlen, Ira Gershwin and Yip Harburg's musical 'Life Begins at 8:40' premieres in NYC

1938 Two NYC subway trains collide at 116th Street killing 2 and injuring 51

1939 – Erich Warsitz makes the first manned jet-propelled flight in the turbojet-powered Heinkel He 178, the world's first jet aircraft.

1939 Nazi Germany demands Danzig & Polish corridor

1939 Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands receives German ambassador Grave Zech

1940 Caproni-Campini CC-2, experimental jet plane, maiden flight (Milan)

1941 Shah of Iran Rezā Shāh Pahlavi abdicates throne in favour of his son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

1942 Cuba declares war on Germany, Japan & Italy

1942 Soviet woman sniper Lyudmila Pavlichenko arrives in Washington D.C., the 1st Soviet citizen welcomed at the White House, by Eleanor Roosevelt

1943 – World War II: Japanese forces evacuate New Georgia Island in the Pacific Theater of Operations during World War II.

1944 200 RAF Halifax bombers attack oil installations in Hamburg

1945 US troops land in Japan after Japanese surrender

1948 102°F highest temperature ever recorded in Cleveland in August

1950 1st transmission of a TV programme from continental Europe shown on BBC

1950 General Foods blacklists Jean Muir of Aldrich Family for alleged communist sympathies

1953 "Roman Holiday", starring Audrey Hepburn, Gregory Peck, and Eddie Albert, is released

1955 "Guinness Book of World Records" 1st published

1957 – Malaysia's constitution comes into force.

1957 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

1958 US performs nuclear test at South Atlantic Ocean

1958 USSR launches Sputnik 3 with two dogs aboard

1961 Francis the Talking Mule is mystery guest on "What's My Line"

1962 – The Mariner 2 unmanned space mission is launched to Venus by NASA.

1962 USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR

1964 – South Vietnamese junta leader Nguyễn Khánh enters into a triumvirate power-sharing arrangement with rival generals Trần Thiện Khiêm and Dương Văn Minh, who had both been involved in plots to unseat Khánh.

1964 – Walt Disney's Mary Poppins, starring Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke, premiers in Los Angeles.

1965 The Beatles spend an evening with Elvis Presley, at his Los Angeles, California home

1966 Francis Chichester begins 1st solo sail around world

1966 Race riot in Waukegan, Illinois

1967 Naomi Sims is 1st black model on US cover (Fashion of the Times)

1968 Protest by the Derry Housing Action Committee (DHAC) at the Guildhall's council chamber; after which Eamon Melaugh phones the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) to organise a march in Derry

1970 Jimi Hendrix creates his last studio recording at Electric Lady Studios in New York, an instrumental called "Slow Blues"

1971 – An attempted coup d'état fails in the African nation of Chad. The Government of Chad accuses Egypt of playing a role in the attempt and breaks off diplomatic relations.

1972 US bombs Haiphong, North Vietnam

1975 – The Governor of Portuguese Timor abandons its capital, Dili, and flees to Atauro Island, leaving control to a rebel group.

1977 John Kander and Fred Ebb's musical "Chicago" closes at 46th St Theater, NYC, after 936 performances

1977 Army shoots on market vendor women in Conakry, Guinea

1979 – A Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb kills British retired admiral Lord Mountbatten and three companions, two of them children, while they are boating on holiday in Sligo, Republic of Ireland. 

1979 Warrenpoint ambush: 18 British Army soldiers killed when Provisional IRA explode two roadside bombs as a British convoy passes Narrow Water Castle

1980 Chon Doo Hwan elected president of South Korea

1981 Divers begin to recover a safe found aboard sunken Italian liner Andrea Doria

1981 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

1982 – Turkish military diplomat Colonel Atilla Altıkat is shot and killed in Ottawa, Canada's capital city. Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide claim responsibility, saying they are avenging the massacre of 1.5 million Armenians in the 1915 Armenian Genocide.

1982 Soyuz T-7 returns to Earth

1983 Haiti adopts constitution

1983 US performs nuclear test

1984 US President Ronald Reagan announces 'Teacher in Space' project

1984 USSR performs underground nuclear test

1984 War Against Indiscipline is launched by the Buhari regime in Nigeria

1985 20th NASA Space Shuttle Mission (51-I): Discovery 6 launches

1985 – Major General Muhammadu Buhari's regime in Nigeria is peacefully overthrown by Army Chief of Staff Major General Ibrahim Babangida.

1986 Protests erupt in Soweto, South Africa, against evictions carried out after an 11 week rent boycott

1989 100 march through Bensonhurst protesting racial killings

1990 52 Americans arrive in Turkey from Iraq

1990 Market prices plunge as OPEC nears informal agreement to increase output to cover shortfall due to invasion; cash market trading experiences abrupt decline.

1990 "No Fences" second studio album by Garth Brooks is released (Billboard Album of the Year 1991)

1991 – The European Community recognizes the independence of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

1991 – Moldova declares independence from the USSR.

1991 Nigerian President Ibrahim Babangida creates nine states: Abia, Enugu, Delta, Jigawa, Kebbi, Osun, Kogi, Taraba, and Yobe

1993 Yak-40 crashes in Tadzjikistan, 79 killed/1 lives

1993 – The Rainbow Bridge, connecting Tokyo's Shibaura and the island of Odaiba, is completed.

1994 Neil Simon's comedy "Laughter on the 23rd Floor" closes at Richard Rodgers Theater, NYC, after 320 performances

1995 Tom Stoppard's comedic play "Arcadia" closes at Vivian Beaumont Theater, NYC, after 204 performances

1995 Worst fire in New York in 80 years ends after 4 days

2000 540-metre (1,772 ft)-tall Ostankino Tower in Moscow catches fire, three people are killed.

2001 Angelina Jolie is named a UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador at UNHCR headquarters in Geneva

2003 – Mars makes its closest approach to Earth in nearly 60,000 years, passing 34,646,418 miles (55,758,005 km) distant.

2003 – The first six-party talks, involving South and North Korea, the United States, China, Japan and Russia, convene to find a peaceful resolution to the security concerns as a result of the North Korean nuclear weapons program.

2004 Hong Kong martial arts film "Hero" starring Jet Li opens in the US and becomes first Chinese-language film to go to #1 at US box office

2006 – Comair Flight 5191 crashes on takeoff from Blue Grass Airport in Lexington, Kentucky bound for Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta. Of the passengers and crew, 49 of 50 are confirmed dead in the hours following the crash.

2008 Barack Obama becomes the first African-American to be nominated by a major political party for President of the United States

2009 – Internal conflict in Burma: The Burmese military junta and ethnic armies begin three days of violent clashes in the Kokang Special Region.

2011 – Hurricane Irene strikes the United States east coast, killing 47 and causing an estimated $15.6 billion in damage.

2012 First interplanetary human voice recording is broadcast from the Mars Rover Curiosity

2013 – The riots between two religious communities started at Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.

2014 Medical charity Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) calls the international response to Ebola “irresponsible” and “slow and derisory”

2015 Greek President Prokopis Pavlopoulos names top Supreme Court judge, Vassiliki Thanou caretaker Prime Minister - Greece's 1st female Prime Minister

2018 UN releases report saying Myanmar military leaders should face genocide and crimes against humanity charges for violence against Rohingya

2019 At least 25 people killed in a fire at a bar, deliberately lit by gang members in Coatzacoalcos, Mexico

2020 Australian terrorist Brenton Tarrant sentenced to life without parole, for the killing of 51 mosque worshippers in Christchurch, New Zealand, 1st time the country imposes the sentence

2020 Hurricane Laura makes landfall in Louisiana near the Texas border as a category 4 storm with 150 mph winds, killing at least 16

2020 Mike Pence accepts nomination for vice president at the Republican convention, calling for "law and order" after the shooting of Jacob Blake

2021 Britain's Prince Andrew served with a US federal lawsuit alleging he sexually abused a teenager 20 years ago



Saints' Days and Holy Days

Traditional Western

Joseph Casalanz, Confessor     Double


Contemporary Western

Baculus of Sorrento
Caesarius of Arles
Margaret the Barefooted
Monica of Hippo, mother of Augustine of Hippo
Phanourios of Rhodes
Rufus and Carpophorus


Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran

Thomas Gallaudet and Henry Winter Syle (Episcopal Church)


Eastern Orthodox

August 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Saint Hosius the Confessor (Osius or Ossius), Bishop of Cordova (359)
Saint Liberius the Confessor, Pope of Rome (366)
Saint Arcadius, Eastern Roman Emperor (395-408)
Saint Praulius, Archbishop of Jerusalem (422)
Venerable Poemen the Great, of Egypt (450)
Saint Sabbas, monk, of Benephali
Saint Poemen of Palestine (605)
Great-martyr Phanourios the Newly-Revealed, of Rhodes
Martyr Anthousa the New, by drowning in a well
Venerable Theoklitos, a Magistros from Constantinople who retired from the world
      and took the monastic habit, becoming an ascetic on Mt. Olympos.

Virgin-martyr Euthalia, in Leontini in Sicily (252)
Martyrs Rufus and Carpophorus (Carpone), Martyrs in Capua under Diocletian (295)
Saint Rufus of Capua, Bishop of Capua and disciple of St Apollinaris of Ravenna
Saint Narnus, first Bishop of Bergamo in Italy
Saint Monica of Hippo (Monica of Tagaste) (387)
Saint Caesarius of Arles, Bishop of Arles (543)
Saint Licerius (Lizier), Bishop of Couserans (c. 548)
Saint Syagrius (Siacre), Bishop of Autun and Confessor (600)
Saint Etherius (Alermius), Bishop of Lyons (602)
Saint Decuman of Watchet (Dagan) (706)
Saint Ebbo, Bishop of Sens (740)
Saint John of Pavia, Bishop of Pavia in Lombardy (813)
Saint Agilo, Monk of St Aper in Toul in France (957)
Saint Gebhard of Constance, Bishop of Constance in Germany (995)
Saint Malrubius, an hermit in Merns in Kincardineshire in Scotland,
      martyred by Norwegian invaders (c. 1040)

Hieromartyr Kuksha and St. Pimen the Faster, of the Near Caves in Kiev (after 1114)
New Hieromartyrs Michael Voskresensky, Priest, (with 28 other martyrs),
      and Stephen Nemkov, Priest, (with 18 other martyrs), all of Nizhni-Novgorod (1918)
New Hieromartyrs John Lebedev and John Smirnov, Priests (1937)
New Hieromartyr Methodius (Ivanov), Abbot, of Sukovo (Moscow) (1937)
New Hieromartyr Aleksander Tsitserov, Priest (1939)
New Hieromartyr Vladimir Sokolov, Priest (1940)
Saint Demetrius Kryuchkov the Confessor, Priest (1952)

Baptism of the Ethiopian eunuch Djan Darada, by Saint Philip the Evangelist,
      in Acts 8:26-40 (1st century)
Uncovering of the relics (1991) of St. John Gashkevich, Archpriest, of Korma (1917)
Slaying of Archimandrite Symeon (Kholmogorov), spiritual writer (1937)
Repose of Archimandrite Sergius (Ozerov) of New Valaam Monastery in Siberia (1937)
Translation of the Relics of Saints Theognostus, Cyprian and Photius,
      Metropolitans of Moscow


Coptic Orthodox







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