1099 – First Crusade: Some 15,000 starving Christian soldiers begin the siege of Jerusalem by marching in a religious procession around the city as its Muslim defenders look on.
1283 – War of the Sicilian Vespers: Roger of Lauria commanding the Aragonese fleet defeats an Angevin fleet sent to put down a rebellion on Malta in the Battle of Malta.
1497 – Vasco da Gama sets sail on the first direct European voyage to India.
1579 – Our Lady of Kazan, a holy icon of the Russian Orthodox Church, is discovered underground in the city of Kazan, Tatarstan.
1663 – Charles II of England grants John Clarke a Royal charter to Rhode Island.
1709 – Great Northern War: Battle of Poltava: Peter I of Russia defeats Charles XII of Sweden at Poltava, thus effectively ending Sweden's role as a major power in Europe.
1716 – Great Northern War: The naval Battle of Dynekilen forces Sweden to abandon its invasion of Norway.
1730 – An estimated magnitude 8.7 earthquake causes a tsunami that damages more than 1,000 km (620 mi) of Chile's coastline.
1758 – French forces hold Fort Carillon against the British at Ticonderoga, New York, the bloodiest battle of the French and Indian War.
1760 – French and Indian War: Battle of Restigouche: British forces defeat French forces in last naval battle in New France.
1775 – The Olive Branch Petition is signed by the Continental Congress of the Thirteen Colonies of North America.
1776 – Church bells (possibly including the Liberty Bell) are rung after John Nixon delivers the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence of the United States to people gathered at Philadelphia's Independence Square.
1808 – Joseph Bonaparte approves the Bayonne Statute, a royal charter intended as the basis for his rule as king of Spain.
1822 – Chippewas turn over a huge tract of land in Ontario to the United Kingdom.
1835 – The Liberty Bell cracked while being rung during the funeral of U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall in Philadelphia.
1853 – Perry Expedition: U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry arrives in Edo bay with a treaty requesting trade.
1859 – King Charles XV & IV accedes to the throne of Sweden–Norway.
1864 – Ikedaya Incident: The Choshu Han shishi's planned Shinsengumi sabotage on Kyoto, Japan at Ikedaya.
1874 – The Mounties begin their March West.
1876 – White supremacists kill five Black Republicans in Hamburg, South Carolina.
1879 – Sailing ship USS Jeannette departs San Francisco carrying an ill-fated expedition to the North Pole.
1889 – The first issue of The Wall Street Journal is published.
1892 – St. John's, Newfoundland, is devastated in the Great Fire of 1892.
1898 – The death of crime boss Soapy Smith, killed in the Shootout on Juneau Wharf, releases Skagway, Alaska from his iron grip.
1909 – The Wright Brothers demonstrate their airplane for an enthusiastic crowd at Fort Myer, Virginia.
1912 – Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Couceiro leads an unsuccessful royalist attack against the First Portuguese Republic in Chaves.
1923 – Warren G. Harding becomes the first sitting US President to visit Alaska when he travels to Metlakahtla.
1932 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average reaches its lowest level of the Great Depression, closing at 41.22.
1933 – The first rugby union test match between the Wallabies of Australia and the Springboks of South Africa is played at Newlands Stadium in Cape Town.
1937 – Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan sign the Treaty of Saadabad.
1947 – Reports are broadcast that a UFO crash landed in Roswell, New Mexico in what became known as the Roswell UFO incident.
1948 – The United States Air Force accepts its first female recruits into a program called Women in the Air Force (WAF).
1950 – U.S. Army Gen. Douglas MacArthur was designated commander of U.N. forces in Korea.
1960 – Francis Gary Powers is charged with espionage resulting from his flight over the Soviet Union.
1962 – Ne Win besieges and dynamites the Rangoon University Student Union building to crush the Student Movement.
1966 – King Mwambutsa IV Bangiriceng of Burundi is deposed by his son Prince Charles Ndizi.
1968 – The Chrysler wildcat strike begins in Detroit, Michigan.
1969 – U.S. troops began withdrawing from Vietnam.
1970 – Richard Nixon delivers a special congressional message enunciating Native American self-determination as official US Indian policy, leading to the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975.
1972 – Israeli Mossad assassinate Palestinian writer Ghassan Kanafani.
1982 – Assassination attempt against Iraqi president Saddam Hussein in Dujail.
1988 – The Island Express train travelling from Bangalore to Kanyakumari derails on the Peruman bridge and falls into Ashtamudi Lake, killing 105 passengers and injuring over 200 more.
1991 – Yugoslav leaders signed an accord calling for an internationally observed cease-fire in Slovenia and Croatia.
1994 – North Korean President Kim Il Sung died at age 82. He had led the country since its founding in 1948. His son, Kim Jong-il, begins to assume supreme leadership of North Korea.
2006 – Atlantic City's 12 casinos reopened after being forced to shut down for three days, as were a number of New Jersey state offices, in a political dispute that virtually closed government over a proposed 1-cent raise in the sales tax. The state, which employs inspectors at the casinos, lost about $4 million in gambling taxes.
2009 – Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, benefiting from a robust economy, was easily re-elected.
2010 – A French surgeon said he had performed the first successful transplant of a complete face, giving a 35-year-old disfigured man every feature, including tear ducts.
2011 – Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched in the 135th and final mission of the U.S. Space Shuttle program that started in 1981, a two-week voyage to the International Space Station with a cargo of supplies and spare parts.
2014 – In an escalating conflict following the killing of Israeli teenagers, Israel launches an offensive on Gaza. Israeli airstrikes pounded the Hamas-controlled Gaza Strip and rockets were fired at Israel. A statement from the military said the strikes were made to "stop the terror Israel's citizens face on a daily basis."
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Isabel, Queen of Portugal, Widow. Semi-double.
Contemporary Western
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Great martyr Procopius of Caesarea in Palaestina (303)
Righteous Procopius of Ustiug in Vologda, Fool-for-Christ and wonderworker (1303)
Saint Theophilus the Myrrh-gusher of Pantocrator Monastery on Mount Athos (1548)
Righteous Procopius of Ustiug in Vologda, Fool-for-Christ and wonderworker (1303)
Saint Theophilus the Myrrh-gusher of Pantocrator Monastery on Mount Athos (1548)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
St. Edgar the Peaceful, King of Mercia and Northumbria, and upon the death
of his brother Eadwig (A.D. 959), King of all England
St. Grimbald was a monk at St. Bertin Abbey in Saint-Omer in Flanders who was
invited by King Alfred the Great to help restore scholarship in England
St. Morwenna may have been a daughter of King St. Brychan of Brycheiniog, and is
often confused with St. Modwenna (5th July), who lived two centuries later
St. Ulrith of Chittlehampton
St. Withburgh of East Anglia, an anchoress at East Dereham, Norfolk, England.
of his brother Eadwig (A.D. 959), King of all England
St. Grimbald was a monk at St. Bertin Abbey in Saint-Omer in Flanders who was
invited by King Alfred the Great to help restore scholarship in England
St. Morwenna may have been a daughter of King St. Brychan of Brycheiniog, and is
often confused with St. Modwenna (5th July), who lived two centuries later
St. Ulrith of Chittlehampton
St. Withburgh of East Anglia, an anchoress at East Dereham, Norfolk, England.
Other commemorations
Appearance of the "Kazan" and "Peschanskaya" Icons of the Most Holy Theotokos
Russian Orthodox
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