1513 – Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León became the first European to land in the future U.S. state of Florida.
1755 – Commodore William James captures the Maratha fortress of Suvarnadurg on west coast of India.
1792 – Congress passes the Coinage Act, establishing the U.S. Mint.
1800 – Ludwig van Beethoven leads the premiere of his First Symphony in Vienna.
1801 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Copenhagen: The British capture the Danish fleet.
1851 – Rama IV is crowned King of Thailand.
1863 – Richmond Bread Riot: Food shortages incite hundreds of angry women to riot in Richmond, Virginia, and demand that the Confederate government release emergency supplies.
1865 – American Civil War: Third Battle of Petersburg: In the Appomattox Campaign, the Siege of Petersburg, Virginia, is broken by Union Army troops capturing trenches and breaking Confederate States Army lines. The defeat forces the Army of Northern Virginia under General Robert E. Lee to retreat. Confederate President Jefferson Davis, and most of his Cabinet and the Confederate government are forced to abandon the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia.
1866 – President Andrew Johnson ends civil war in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia.
1885 – Cree warriors attack the village of Frog Lake, North-West Territories, Canada, killing nine.
1900 – The United States Congress passes the Foraker Act, giving Puerto Rico limited self-rule.
1902 – Dmitry Sipyagin, Minister of Interior of the Russian Empire, is assassinated in the Marie Palace, St Petersburg.
1902 – "Electric Theatre", the first full-time movie theater in the United States, opens in Los Angeles, California.
1911 – The Australian Bureau of Statistics conducts the country's first national census.
1912 – The ill-fated RMS Titanic begins sea trials.
1917 – World War I: President Woodrow Wilson asks the U.S. Congress for a declaration of war on Germany, setting in motion America’s involvement in World War I.
1921 – The Autonomous Government of Khorasan, a military government encompassing the modern state of Iran, is established.
1921 – In New York City Albert Einstein delivers a lecture on his new "Theory of Relativity".
1930 – After the mysterious death of Empress Zewditu, Haile Selassie is proclaimed emperor of Ethiopia.
1945 – Diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Brazil are established.
1956 – The soap operas As the World Turns and The Edge of Night premiered on CBS-TV. The two soaps become the first daytime dramas to debut in the 30-minute format.
1962 – The first official panda crossing is opened outside London Waterloo station.
1972 – Actor Charlie Chaplin returns to the United States for the first time since being labeled a communist during the Red Scare in the early 1950s.
1973 – Launch of the LexisNexis computerized legal research service.
1973 – The Liberal Movement breaks away from the Liberal and Country League in South Australia.
1975 – Vietnam War: Thousands of civilian refugees flee from Quảng Ngãi Province in front of advancing North Vietnamese troops.
1975 – Construction of the CN Tower is completed in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It reaches 553.33 metres (1,815.4 ft) in height, becoming the world's tallest free-standing structure.
1980 – United States President Jimmy Carter signs the Crude Oil Windfall Profits Tax Act in an effort to help the U.S. economy rebound.
1982 – Falklands War: Argentina invades the Falkland Islands.
1986 – Alabama governor George Wallace, a former segregationist most widely known for the "Stand in the Schoolhouse Door", announces that he will not seek a fifth four-year term and will retire from public life upon the end of his term in January 1987.
1989 – Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev arrives in Havana, Cuba to meet with Fidel Castro in an attempt to mend strained relations.
1991 – Rita Johnston becomes the first female Premier of a Canadian province when she succeeds William Vander Zalm (who had resigned) as Premier of British Columbia.
1992 – In New York, Mafia boss John Gotti is convicted of murder and racketeering and is later sentenced to life in prison.
1992 – Bosnian War: Bijeljina massacre: Between 48 and 78 civilians were massacred in the town of Bijeljina.
1994 – The National Convention of New Sudan of the SPLA/M opens in Chukudum.
2002 – Israeli forces surround the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem into which armed Palestinians had retreated; a siege ensues.
2004 – Islamist terrorists involved in the 11 March 2004 Madrid attacks attempt to bomb the Spanish high-speed train AVE near Madrid; the attack is thwarted.
2006 – Over 60 tornadoes break out in the United States; Tennessee is hardest hit with 29 people killed.
2011 – India won the 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup, defeating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets in the final in Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai, thus becoming the first country to win the Cricket World Cup final on home soil.
2012 – A mass shooting at Oikos University at Oakland, California leaves seven people dead and three injured.
2014 – A spree shooting occurs at the Fort Hood Army Base near the town of Killeen, Texas, with four people dead, including the gunman, and 16 others sustaining injuries.
2015 – Gunmen attack Garissa University College in Kenya, killing at least 148 people and wounding 79 others.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Francis of Paola, Confessor. Double.
Contemporary Western
Abundius of Como
Amphianus of Lycia
Æbbe the Younger
Bronach of Glen-Seichis (Irish martyrology)
Francis of Paola
Francisco Coll Guitart
Nicetius of Lyon
Pedro Calungsod
Urban of Langres
Amphianus of Lycia
Æbbe the Younger
Bronach of Glen-Seichis (Irish martyrology)
Francis of Paola
Francisco Coll Guitart
Nicetius of Lyon
Pedro Calungsod
Urban of Langres
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Henry Budd (Anglican Church of Canada)
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Martyrs Amphianus (Apphianus) and his brother Aedesius, of Patara, Lycia (306)
Virgin-martyr Theodora of Palestine (Theodosia of Tyre) (308)
Martyr Polycarp of Alexandria (4th c.)
Venerable Stephen the Wonderworker, in Ascalon, Palestine (778)
Venerable Titus the Wonderworker (9th c.)
Saint George of Atsquri (Georgia) (9th-10th c.)
Virgin-martyr Theodora of Palestine (Theodosia of Tyre) (308)
Martyr Polycarp of Alexandria (4th c.)
Venerable Stephen the Wonderworker, in Ascalon, Palestine (778)
Venerable Titus the Wonderworker (9th c.)
Saint George of Atsquri (Georgia) (9th-10th c.)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Saint Urban of Langres, sixth Bishop of Langres in France,
patron-saint of vine dressers (ca. 390)
Saint Abundius, of Greek origin, he became Bishop of Como
in the north of Italy (469)
Saint Victor of Capua, Bishop of Capua in the south of Italy
and a Church writer (554)
Saint Nicetius of Lyon (Nizier), in Gaul (573)
Saint Brónach (Bromana), called the Virgin of Glen-Seichis,
now Kilbronach in Ireland
Saint Musa, a child in Rome who was granted visions, mentioned
by her contemporary St Gregory the Great (6th c.)
Saints Lonochilus (Longis, Lenogisil), priest who founded a monastery
in Maine in France (653), and Agnofleda, a holy virgin (638)
Venerable Virgin-martyr Æbbe the Younger of Coldingham, Abbess
of Coldingham Priory in south-east Scotland (870)
Saint Constantín mac Cináeda (Constantine I), King of Scotland, slain
in a battle against heathen invaders of his country and honoured
as a martyr, buried at Iona (877)
Saint Rufus, a hermit at Glendalough in Ireland
Saint Drogo, a monk at Fleury-sur-Loire in France and afterwards
at Baume-les-Messieurs (10th c.)
patron-saint of vine dressers (ca. 390)
Saint Abundius, of Greek origin, he became Bishop of Como
in the north of Italy (469)
Saint Victor of Capua, Bishop of Capua in the south of Italy
and a Church writer (554)
Saint Nicetius of Lyon (Nizier), in Gaul (573)
Saint Brónach (Bromana), called the Virgin of Glen-Seichis,
now Kilbronach in Ireland
Saint Musa, a child in Rome who was granted visions, mentioned
by her contemporary St Gregory the Great (6th c.)
Saints Lonochilus (Longis, Lenogisil), priest who founded a monastery
in Maine in France (653), and Agnofleda, a holy virgin (638)
Venerable Virgin-martyr Æbbe the Younger of Coldingham, Abbess
of Coldingham Priory in south-east Scotland (870)
Saint Constantín mac Cináeda (Constantine I), King of Scotland, slain
in a battle against heathen invaders of his country and honoured
as a martyr, buried at Iona (877)
Saint Rufus, a hermit at Glendalough in Ireland
Saint Drogo, a monk at Fleury-sur-Loire in France and afterwards
at Baume-les-Messieurs (10th c.)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Saint Sabbas, Archbishop of Sourozh, Crimea (11th c.)
Venerable Gregory, ascetic of Nicomedia (1240)
Venerable Gregory, ascetic of Nicomedia (1240)
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