217 – Roman Emperor Caracalla is assassinated. He is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus.
632 – King Charibert II is assassinated at Blaye (Gironde), along with his infant son Chilperic.
876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids.
1093 – The new Winchester Cathedral is dedicated by Walkelin.
1139 – Roger II of Sicily is excommunicated.
1149 – Pope Eugene III takes refuge in the castle of Ptolemy II of Tusculum.
1232 – Mongol–Jin War: The Mongols begin their siege on Kaifeng, the capital of the Jin dynasty.
1271 – In Syria, sultan Baibars conquers the Krak des Chevaliers.
1665 – English colonial patents are granted for the establishment of the Monmouth Tract, for what would eventually become Monmouth County in northeastern New Jersey.
1730 – Shearith Israel, the first synagogue in New York City, is dedicated.
1740 – War of Jenkins' Ear: Three British ships capture the Spanish third-rate Princesa, taken into service as HMS Princess.
1808 – The Roman Catholic Diocese of Baltimore is promoted to an archdiocese, with the founding of the dioceses of New York, Philadelphia, Boston, and Bardstown (now Louisville) by Pope Pius VII.
1820 – The Venus de Milo is discovered on the Aegean island of Milos.
1832 – Black Hawk War: Around three-hundred United States 6th Infantry troops leave St. Louis, Missouri to fight the Sauk Native Americans.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Mansfield: Union forces are thwarted by the Confederate army at Mansfield, Louisiana.
1866 – Italy and Prussia ally against the Austrian Empire.
1886 – William Ewart Gladstone introduces the first Irish Home Rule Bill into the British House of Commons.
1895 – In Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. the Supreme Court of the United States declares unapportioned income tax to be unconstitutional.
1904 – The French Third Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland sign the Entente cordiale.
1904 – British mystic Aleister Crowley transcribes the first chapter of The Book of the Law.
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| 1904: Longacre Square renamed Times Square, NY. from whatwasthere.com |
1906 – Auguste Deter, the first person to be diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, dies.
1908 – Harvard University votes to establish the Harvard Business School.
1911 – Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovers superconductivity.
1913 – The 17th Amendment to the United States Constitution, requiring direct election of Senators, becomes law.
1916 – In Corona, California, race car driver Bob Burman crashes, killing three, and badly injuring five, spectators.
1918 – World War I: Actors Douglas Fairbanks and Charlie Chaplin sell war bonds on the streets of New York City's financial district.
1924 – Sharia courts are abolished in Turkey, as part of Atatürk's Reforms.
1929 – Indian independence movement: At the Delhi Central Assembly, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt throw handouts and bombs to court arrest.
1935 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act with the purpose of attempting to bring America out of the Great Depression. The act authorized the spending of five million dollars to implement work relief programs that would help with the chronic, widespread unemployment prevalent in the country. Among the most successful programs created by the act was the Works Progress Administration, which was conceived by FDR as a way to help jobless people, while not simply handing out money to people who were able workers.
1942 – World War II: Siege of Leningrad: Soviet forces open a much-needed railway link to Leningrad.
1942 – World War II: The Japanese take Bataan in the Philippines.
1943 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in an attempt to check inflation, freezes wages and prices, prohibits workers from changing jobs unless the war effort would be aided thereby, and bars rate increases by common carriers and public utilities.
1945 – World War II: After an air raid accidentally destroys a train carrying about 4,000 Nazi concentration camp internees in Prussian Hanover, the survivors are massacred by Nazis.
1946 – Électricité de France, the world's largest utility company, is formed as a result of the nationalisation of a number of electricity producers, transporters and distributors.
1950 – India and Pakistan sign the Liaquat–Nehru Pact.
1952 – U.S. President Harry Truman calls for the seizure of all domestic steel mills to prevent a nationwide strike.
1953 – Mau Mau leader Jomo Kenyatta is convicted by Kenya's British rulers.
1954 – A Royal Canadian Air Force Canadair Harvard collides with a Trans-Canada Airlines Canadair North Star over Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, killing 37 people.
1954 – South African Airways Flight 201 A de Havilland DH.106 Comet 1 crashes into the sea during night killing 21 people.
1959 – A team of computer manufacturers, users, and university people led by Grace Hopper meets to discuss the creation of a new programming language that would be called COBOL.
1959 – The Organization of American States drafts an agreement to create the Inter-American Development Bank.
1960 – The Netherlands and West Germany sign an agreement to negotiate the return of German land annexed by the Dutch in return for 280 million German marks as Wiedergutmachung.
1961 – A large explosion on board the MV Dara in the Persian Gulf kills 238.
1964 – Gemini 1 (unamanned test flight) launched.
1968 – BOAC Flight 712 catches fire shortly after take off. As a result of her actions in the accident, Barbara Jane Harrison is awarded a posthumous George Cross, the only GC awarded to a woman in peacetime.
1970 – Bahr El-Baqar primary school bombing: Israeli bombers strike an Egyptian school. Forty-six children are killed.
1974 – At Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium, Hank Aaron hits his 715th career home run to surpass Babe Ruth's 39-year-old record. The game was broadcast nationally on NBC. Aaron would be the home run leader until 2005 when he was surpassed by Barry Bonds.
1975 – Frank Robinson manages the Cleveland Indians in his first game as major league baseball's first African American manager.
1987 – Los Angeles Dodgers executive Al Campanis resigns amid controversy over racially charged remarks he had made while on Nightline.
1992 – Retired tennis great Arthur Ashe announces that he has AIDS, acquired from blood transfusions during one of his two heart surgeries.
1993 – The Republic of Macedonia joins the United Nations.
1999 – Haryana Gana Parishad, a political party in the Indian state of Haryana, merges with the Indian National Congress.
2004 – War in Darfur: The Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement is signed by the Sudanese government and two rebel groups.
2005 – Over four million people attend the funeral of Pope John Paul II.
2006 – Shedden massacre: The bodies of eight men, all shot to death, are found in a field in Ontario, Canada. The murders are soon linked to the Bandidos Motorcycle Club.
2008 – The construction of the world's first building to integrate wind turbines is completed in Bahrain.
2013 – The Islamic State of Iraq enters the Syrian Civil War and begins by declaring a merger with the Al-Nusra Front under the name Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Contemporary Western
Constantina
Julie Billiart of Namur
Perpetuus
Walter of Pontoise
Julie Billiart of Namur
Perpetuus
Walter of Pontoise
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Anne Ayres (Episcopal Church (USA))
William Augustus Muhlenberg (Episcopal Church (USA))
William Augustus Muhlenberg (Episcopal Church (USA))
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Holy Apostles of the Seventy:
Herodion, Agabus, Asyncritus of Hyrcania, Rufus, Phlegon, Hermes,
and those who suffered with them (1st c.)
Martyr Pausilipus of Heraclea in Thrace (ca. 117-138)
Monk-martyrs Josiah and Joseph, of Mt. Kharasam, Persia (ca. 341)
Saint Celestine, Pope of Rome (432)
Herodion, Agabus, Asyncritus of Hyrcania, Rufus, Phlegon, Hermes,
and those who suffered with them (1st c.)
Martyr Pausilipus of Heraclea in Thrace (ca. 117-138)
Monk-martyrs Josiah and Joseph, of Mt. Kharasam, Persia (ca. 341)
Saint Celestine, Pope of Rome (432)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Martys Januarius, Maxima and Macaria, in North Africa
Martyr Concessa, a martyr venerated from early times in Carthage in North Africa
Saint Amantius of Como, successor of St Provinus as Bishop of Como in Italy (440)
Saint Perpetuus, Bishop of Tours in France (490)
Saint Redemptus, Bishop of Ferentini in Italy (586)
Martyr Concessa, a martyr venerated from early times in Carthage in North Africa
Saint Amantius of Como, successor of St Provinus as Bishop of Como in Italy (440)
Saint Perpetuus, Bishop of Tours in France (490)
Saint Redemptus, Bishop of Ferentini in Italy (586)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Saint Philaret of Seminara (Filarete of Calabria), Calabria (ca. 1070)
Saint Niphont, Bishop of Novgorod (1156)
Venerable Rufus the Recluse (Rufus the Obedient), of the Kiev Caves (14th c.)
New Martyr John (Koulikas) (1564)
New Martyr John Naukliros ("the Navigator", "the Skipper"),
burned alive on Kos (1669)
Saint Niphont, Bishop of Novgorod (1156)
Venerable Rufus the Recluse (Rufus the Obedient), of the Kiev Caves (14th c.)
New Martyr John (Koulikas) (1564)
New Martyr John Naukliros ("the Navigator", "the Skipper"),
burned alive on Kos (1669)
New Martyrs and Confessors
New Hieromartyr Sergius Rodakovsky, Priest (1933)
Other commemorations
Spanish Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos (792)
Repose of Righteous Helen Voronova (1916), disciple of Elder Barsanuphius
of Optina Monastery
Repose of Righteous Helen Voronova (1916), disciple of Elder Barsanuphius
of Optina Monastery
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