238 – Year of the Six Emperors: The Roman Senate outlaws emperor Maximinus Thrax for his bloodthirsty proscriptions in Rome and nominates two of its members, Pupienus and Balbinus, to the throne.
1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral lands in Brazil.
1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico.
1529 – Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal along a line 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.
1622 – The Capture of Ormuz by the East India Company ends Portuguese control of Hormuz Island.
1809 – The second day of the Battle of Eckmühl: The Austrian army is defeated by the First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France and driven over the Danube in Regensburg.
1836 – Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto, forces under Texas General Sam Houston identify Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna among the captives of the battle when one of his fellow captives mistakenly gives away his identity.
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| 1906 - U. S. Mint, Denver, Colorado from whatwasthere.com |
1864 – The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864 that mandates that the inscription In God We Trust be placed on all coins minted as United States currency. The 2-cent coin is minted, marking the first appearance of the phrase “In God We Trust.”
1876 – The first game in the history of the National League was played at the Jefferson Street Grounds in Philadelphia. This game is often pointed to as the beginning of Major League Baseball.
1889 – At high noon, the U.S. Government opened up nearly two million acres of unassigned land in the Indian Territory for settlement. In what would become known as the Oklahoma Land Rush of 1889. 50,000 people on horses, wagons, on foot sprinted into the new lands to stake their claim to the best parcel of ground possible. Within hours the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie are formed with populations of at least 10,000.
1898 – Spanish–American War: The USS Nashville captures a Spanish merchant ship.
1906 – The 1906 Summer Olympics, not now recognized as part of the official Olympic Games, open in Athens.
1911 – Tsinghua University, one of mainland China's leading universities, is founded.
1914 – Babe Ruth makes his professional pitching debut, a 6 hit, 6-0 victory.
1915 – The use of poison gas in World War I escalates when chlorine gas is released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres.
1930 – The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
1944 – The 1st Air Commando Group using Sikorsky R-4 helicopters stage the first use of helicopters in combat with combat search and rescue operations in the China-Burma-India theater.
1944 – World War II: Operation Persecution is initiated: Allied forces land in the Hollandia (currently known as Jayapura) area of New Guinea.
1945 – World War II: Prisoners at the Jasenovac concentration camp revolt. Five hundred twenty are killed and 80 escape.
1945 – World War II: Führerbunker: After learning that Soviet forces have taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admits defeat in his underground bunker and states that suicide is his only recourse.
1948 – Arab–Israeli War: Haifa, a major port of Israel, is captured from Arab forces.
1951 – Korean War: The Chinese People's Volunteer Army begin assaulting positions defended by the Royal Australian Regiment and the Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry at the Battle of Kapyong.
1954 – Red Scare: Witnesses begin testifying and live television coverage of the Army–McCarthy hearings begins.
1964 – The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair opens for its first season.
1969 – British yachtsman Sir Robin Knox-Johnston wins the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race and completes the first solo non-stop circumnavigation of the world.
1970 – Earth Day, an event to increase public awareness of the world's environmental problems, is celebrated in the united States for the first time.
1972 – Vietnam War: Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts anti-war protests in Los Angeles, New York City, and San Francisco.
1977 – Optical fiber is first used to carry live telephone traffic.
1983 – The German magazine Stern claims that the "Hitler Diaries" had been found in wreckage in East Germany; the diaries are subsequently revealed to be forgeries.
1992 – In an explosion in Guadalajara, Mexico, 206 people are killed, nearly 500 injured and 15,000 left homeless.
1993 – Version 1.0 of the Mosaic web browser is released.
1993 – The U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum was dedicated in Washington, D.C., to honor victims of Nazi extermination.
"First they came for the socialists,1997 – Haouch Khemisti massacre in Algeria where 93 villagers are killed.
and I didn't speak out because I wasn't a socialist.
Then they came for the trade unionists,
and I didn't speak out because I wasn't a trade unionist.
Then they came for the Jews,
and I didn't speak out because I wasn't a Jew.
Then they came for me,
and there was no one left to speak for me."
– Martin Niemöller
1997 – The Japanese embassy hostage crisis ends in Lima, Peru.
1998 – Disney's Animal Kingdom opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.
2000 – In a pre-dawn raid, federal agents seize six-year-old Elián González from his relatives' home in Miami.
2000 – The Big Number Change takes place in the United Kingdom.
2004 – Two fuel trains collide in Ryongchon, North Korea, killing up to 150 people.
2005 – Japan's Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi apologizes for Japan's war record.
2008 – The United States Air Force retires the remaining F-117 Nighthawk aircraft in service.
2013 – Six people die in a shooting in Belgorod, Russia.
2013 – The Royal Canadian Mounted Police arrest and charge two men with plotting to disrupt a Toronto area train service in a plot claimed to be backed by Al-Qaeda elements.
2014 – More than 60 people are killed and 80 are seriously injured in a train crash in the Democratic Republic of the Congo's Katanga Province.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Soter and Caius, Popes of Rome, and Martyrs. Semi-double.
Contemporary Western
Acepsimas of Hnaita and companions
Epipodius and Alexander
Epipodius and Alexander
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
John Muir and Hudson Stuck (Episcopal Church)
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Holy Apostle Nathaniel of the Twelve (Bartholomew) (1st c.)
Apostles Apelles, Luke (not the Evangelist), and Clement, of the Seventy (1st c.)
Martyr Leonides of Alexandria, Bishop (202)
Martyr Nearchus, by fire (3rd c.)
Venerable Theodore the Sykeote, Bishop of Anastasiopolis in Galatia (613)
Saint Vitalis of Gaza, monk of the monastery of Abba Seridus at Gaza (609-620)
Apostles Apelles, Luke (not the Evangelist), and Clement, of the Seventy (1st c.)
Martyr Leonides of Alexandria, Bishop (202)
Martyr Nearchus, by fire (3rd c.)
Venerable Theodore the Sykeote, Bishop of Anastasiopolis in Galatia (613)
Saint Vitalis of Gaza, monk of the monastery of Abba Seridus at Gaza (609-620)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Hieromartyr Soter, Pope of Rome (ca. 174)
Martyrs Epipodius of Lyons, by beheading (ca. 177)
Saint Gaius, born in Dalmatia, became Pope of Rome,
martyred with members of his family (296)
Saint Agapitus I, Pope of Rome (536)
Saint Leo of Sens, Bishop of Sens in France for twenty-three years (541)
The Two Brothers Arwald, sons of Arwald, the last Jutish King of the Isle
of Wight, put to death by soldiers of King Ceadwalla, then a pagan,
on the day after their baptism (686)
Saint Opportuna of Montreuil, sister of St Chrodegang, Bishop of Séez,
Abbess at the convent of Monteuil (ca. 770)
Saint Senorina, a Galician abbess who served as the abbess of the Benedictine
convent of St John of Venaria (Vieyra) (982)
Martyrs Epipodius of Lyons, by beheading (ca. 177)
Saint Gaius, born in Dalmatia, became Pope of Rome,
martyred with members of his family (296)
Saint Agapitus I, Pope of Rome (536)
Saint Leo of Sens, Bishop of Sens in France for twenty-three years (541)
The Two Brothers Arwald, sons of Arwald, the last Jutish King of the Isle
of Wight, put to death by soldiers of King Ceadwalla, then a pagan,
on the day after their baptism (686)
Saint Opportuna of Montreuil, sister of St Chrodegang, Bishop of Séez,
Abbess at the convent of Monteuil (ca. 770)
Saint Senorina, a Galician abbess who served as the abbess of the Benedictine
convent of St John of Venaria (Vieyra) (982)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Newly Revealed Martyrs Raphael (Archimandrite), Nicholas (Deacon),
and Irene (child), of Lesbos, and those with them (1463)
Saint Ananias of Malles, first monk, renovator and Abbot of the Holy Monastery
of Panagia Exakousti in the village of Malles in Ierapetra, Crete. (1907)
and Irene (child), of Lesbos, and those with them (1463)
Saint Ananias of Malles, first monk, renovator and Abbot of the Holy Monastery
of Panagia Exakousti in the village of Malles in Ierapetra, Crete. (1907)
New Martyrs and Confessors
New Hieromartyr Eustathius Malahovsky, Priest (1918)
New Hieromartyr Platon of Banja Luka (Platon Jovanovic),
Bishop of Banja Luka (1941)
Martyr Demetrius Vlasenkov (1942)
New Hieromartyr Platon of Banja Luka (Platon Jovanovic),
Bishop of Banja Luka (1941)
Martyr Demetrius Vlasenkov (1942)
Other commemorations
at the Cathedral of Agios Minas (1826)
Translation of the relics (1834) of St. Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel),
Prince and Wonderworker of Pskov (1138)
Repose of Blessed fool-for-Christ Athanasius Andreyevich Saiko of Orel (1967)
Repose of Blessed fool-for-Christ Ekaterina of Piukhtitsa Convent (Estonia) (1968)
Malankara Orthodox
Commemoration of Marthoma III
Commemoration of Marthoma III
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