1080 – The King of Denmark Harald III dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized.
1349 – Fall of the Bavand dynasty, and rise of the Afrasiyab dynasty.
1397 – Geoffrey Chaucer tells The Canterbury Tales for the first time at the court of Richard II. Chaucer scholars have also identified this date (in 1387) as the start of the book's pilgrimage to Canterbury.
1492 – Spain and Christopher Columbus sign the Capitulations of Santa Fe for his voyage to Asia to acquire spices.
1521 – Trial of Martin Luther over his teachings begins during the assembly of the Diet of Worms. Initially intimidated, he asks for time to reflect before answering and is given a stay of one day.
1524 – Giovanni da Verrazzano reaches New York harbor.
1555 – After 18 months of siege, Siena surrenders to the Florentine-Imperial army. The Republic of Siena is incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
1783 – In response to Spain’s decision to join the war on the American side, British Captain James Colbert launched a surprise assault on the Spanish post of Fort Carlos on the Arkansas River.
1797 – Sir Ralph Abercromby attacks San Juan, Puerto Rico, in what would be one of the largest invasions of the Spanish territories in America.
1797 – Citizens of Verona, Italy, begin an eight-day rebellion against the French occupying forces, which will end unsuccessfully.
1861 – The state of Virginia's secession convention votes to secede from the United States, becoming the 8th state to join the Confederate States of America.
1863 – American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins – troops under Union Army Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.
1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Plymouth begins – Confederate forces attack Plymouth, North Carolina.
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| 1890s - Surratt Boarding House (Scene of Lincoln Assination Conspiracy) from whatwasthere.com |
1895 – The Treaty of Shimonoseki between China and Japan is signed. This marks the end of the First Sino-Japanese War, and the defeated Qing Empire is forced to renounce its claims on Korea and to concede the southern portion of the Fengtien province, Taiwan and the Pescadores Islands to Japan.
1897 – The Aurora, Texas UFO incident.
1905 – The Supreme Court of the United States decides Lochner v. New York, which holds that the "right to free contract" is implicit in the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.
1907 – The Ellis Island immigration center processes 11,747 people, more than on any other day.
1912 – Russian troops open fire on striking goldfield workers in northeast Siberia, killing at least 150.
1937 – Daffy Duck made his debut in the Warner Bros. animated cartoon “Porky’s Duck Hunt,” directed by Tex Avery.
1941 – World War II: The Kingdom of Yugoslavia surrenders to Germany.
1942 – French prisoner of war General Henri Giraud escapes from his castle prison in Festung Königstein.
1944 – Forces of the Communist-controlled Greek People's Liberation Army attack the smaller National and Social Liberation resistance group, which surrenders. Its leader Dimitrios Psarros is murdered.
1945 – World War II: Brazilian forces liberate the town of Montese, Italy, from Nazi forces.
1946 – Syria obtains its independence from the French occupation.
1949 – At midnight 26 Irish counties officially leave the British Commonwealth. A 21-gun salute on O'Connell Bridge, Dublin, ushers in the Republic of Ireland.
1951 – The Peak District becomes the United Kingdom's first National Park.
1961 – Bay of Pigs Invasion: A group of some 1,500 Cuban exiles financed and trained by the CIA launch the disastrous Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba in an attempt to topple Fidel Castro, whose forces crush the incursion by the third day.
1964 – Jerrie Mock becomes the first woman to circumnavigate the world by air.
1964 – Ford Motor Co. introduced the Mustang to the North American market at the New York World's Fair.
1969 – Sirhan Sirhan is convicted of assassinating Robert F. Kennedy.
1969 – Communist Party of Czechoslovakia chairman Alexander Dubček is deposed.
1970 – Apollo program: The ill-fated Apollo 13 spacecraft returns to Earth safely.
1971 – The People's Republic of Bangladesh forms, under Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at Mujibnagor.
1973 – George Lucas begins writing a 13-page treatment called The Star Wars.
1975 – The Cambodian Civil War ends. The Khmer Rouge captures the capital Phnom Penh and Cambodian government forces surrender.
1978 – Mir Akbar Khyber is assassinated, provoking a communist coup d'état in Afghanistan.
1982 – Patriation of the Canadian constitution in Ottawa by Proclamation of Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada.
1984 – Police Constable Yvonne Fletcher is killed by gunfire from the Libyan People's Bureau (Embassy) in London during a small demonstration outside the embassy. Ten others are wounded. The events lead to an 11-day siege of the building.
1986 – The Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War between the Netherlands and the Isles of Scilly ends.
1986 – Nezar Hindawi's attempt to detonate a bomb aboard an El Al flight from London to Tel Aviv is thwarted.
2006 – Sami Hammad, a Palestinian suicide bomber, detonates an explosive device in Tel Aviv, killing 11 people and injuring 70.
2013 – An explosion at a fertilizer plant in the city of West, Texas, kills 15 people and injures 160 others.
2014 – NASA's Kepler confirms the discovery of the first Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of another star.
Saints' Days and Holy Days
Traditional Western
Stephen Harding, Abbot, Confessor. Semi-double.
Commemoration of St. Anicete, Pope of Rome, and Martyr.
Contemporary Western
Anglican, Episcopal, Lutheran
Eastern Orthodox
Saints
Hieromartyr Anicetus, Pope of Rome (166)
Martyr Adrian of Corinth, in Persia (251)
Hieromartyr Symeon (Shemon Bar Sabbae), Bishop in Persia,
and those with him (341):
Hieromartyrs Abdechalas and Ananias, priests;
Martyrs Ustazad and Azat, eunuchs;
Fusicus and Ascitrea, and 1,150 others.
Saint Acacius II, Bishop of Melitene (435)
Saint Agapitus I, Pope of Rome (536)
Saint Ephraim the Great, Bishop of Atsquri, Georgia (9th c.)
Martyr Adrian of Corinth, in Persia (251)
Hieromartyr Symeon (Shemon Bar Sabbae), Bishop in Persia,
and those with him (341):
Hieromartyrs Abdechalas and Ananias, priests;
Martyrs Ustazad and Azat, eunuchs;
Fusicus and Ascitrea, and 1,150 others.
Saint Acacius II, Bishop of Melitene (435)
Saint Agapitus I, Pope of Rome (536)
Saint Ephraim the Great, Bishop of Atsquri, Georgia (9th c.)
Pre-Schism Western Saints
Martyrs Mappalicus and Companions, in Carthage under Decius (250)
Martyrs Fortunatus and Marcian
Saint Innocent of Tortona, Bishop of Tortona and Confessor (350)
Saint Pantagathus, a courtier who later became Bishop of Vienne in France (540)
Saint Villicus, a very virtuous Bishop of Metz in France 543-568 (568)
Monk-martyr Donnán of Eigg and those with him, in Scotland (618)
Saint Landericus (Landry of Metz), Bishop of Meaux,
then Abbot of Soignies (7th c.)
Saint Wando (Vando), monk and Abbot of Fontenelle Abbey in France (c. 756)
Martyrs Isidore, Elias and Paul of Cordoba, Spain, by the Moors (856)
Martyrs Fortunatus and Marcian
Saint Innocent of Tortona, Bishop of Tortona and Confessor (350)
Saint Pantagathus, a courtier who later became Bishop of Vienne in France (540)
Saint Villicus, a very virtuous Bishop of Metz in France 543-568 (568)
Monk-martyr Donnán of Eigg and those with him, in Scotland (618)
Saint Landericus (Landry of Metz), Bishop of Meaux,
then Abbot of Soignies (7th c.)
Saint Wando (Vando), monk and Abbot of Fontenelle Abbey in France (c. 756)
Martyrs Isidore, Elias and Paul of Cordoba, Spain, by the Moors (856)
Post-Schism Orthodox Saints
Venerable Zosimas of Solovki (1478)
Saint Macarios (Notaras) of Corinth (1805)
Venerable Saints Apostolos (1846) and Theocharis (1829), brothers, of Arta
Venerable Paisius, Fool-for-Christ, of the Kiev Caves (1893)
Saint Macarios (Notaras) of Corinth (1805)
Venerable Saints Apostolos (1846) and Theocharis (1829), brothers, of Arta
Venerable Paisius, Fool-for-Christ, of the Kiev Caves (1893)
New Martyrs and Confessors
New Hieromartyr John Prigorovsky of Krasnoyarsk, Priest (1918)
New Hieromartyr Michael Novitsky, Confessor, Priest (1935)
New Hieromartyr Theodore Nedosekin of Moscow, Priest (1942)
New Hieromartyr Michael Novitsky, Confessor, Priest (1935)
New Hieromartyr Theodore Nedosekin of Moscow, Priest (1942)
Other commemorations
Uncovering of the relics (1641) of St. Alexander of Svir,
founder of Svir Monastery (1533)
Repose of Hiero-schemamonk Constantine of Ekaterinburg (1960)
founder of Svir Monastery (1533)
Repose of Hiero-schemamonk Constantine of Ekaterinburg (1960)
Malankara Orthodox
Commemoration of HG Geevarghese Mar Philoenos Metropolitan
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